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Red-emissive conjugated oligomer/silica hybrid nanoparticles with high affinity and application for latent fingerprint detection. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Liu R, Cui Q, Yang Y, Peng R, Li L. Preparation of conjugated polymer nanoparticles with white emission and their application for cell imaging. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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3
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Zhang S, Liu R, Cui Q, Yang Y, Cao Q, Xu W, Li L. Ultrabright Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles Embedded with Conjugated Oligomers and Their Application in Latent Fingerprint Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:44134-44145. [PMID: 29185339 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent micro- and nanosized particles have a broad range of applications in biology, medicine, and engineering. For these uses, the materials should have high emission efficiency and good photostability. However, many organic fluorophores suffer from aggregation-induced quenching effects and photobleaching. Here, we used a simple method based on covalently blending a fluorescent conjugated oligomer with silica nanoparticles to achieve emission quantum yields as high as 97%. The resulting system also showed excellent stability under continuous light illumination, in a range of pH values and temperatures, and in common solvents. This fluorescent material showed outstanding properties, including highly efficient blue emission, low cost, low toxicity, and easy synthesis. Furthermore, its effectiveness for latent fingerprint detection was demonstrated as a proof of concept on various substrates. The obtained emissive fingerprint powder gave good optical/fluorescent images with high contrast and resolution between the ridges and spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Zhang
- State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qianling Cui
- State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qian Cao
- State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenqiang Xu
- State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lidong Li
- State Key Lab for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, China
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Singh A, Bezuidenhout M, Walsh N, Beirne J, Felletti R, Wang S, Fitzgerald KT, Gallagher WM, Kiely P, Redmond G. Functionalization of emissive conjugated polymer nanoparticles by coprecipitation: consequences for particle photophysics and colloidal properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:305603. [PMID: 27306338 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/30/305603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of polyfluorene (PFO) nanoparticles by coprecipitation of the conjugated polymer with an amphiphilic comb polymer, consisting of a hydrophobic polystyrene backbone with hydrophilic, carboxylic acid-terminated polyethylene oxide side-chains (PS-PEG-COOH), is investigated. The comb polymer affects the properties of the formed hybrid nanoparticles. Non-functionalized particles are typically larger (28 nm) than functionalized ones (20 nm); peak molar extinction coefficients are found to differ in a similar trend. Zeta potentials are negative, consistent with negative surface charge on PFO particles due to chemical defect formation, with additional charge on functionalized particles due to the pendant carboxylic acid groups. Emission quantum yields of functionalized particles are typically larger, consistent with lower efficiency of energy transfer to quenchers in smaller particles and weaker PFO interchain interactions due to chain dilution. The trend in per-particle fluorescence brightness values, as confirmed by single particle fluorescence imaging, reflects the nanoparticle extinction coefficients. Photostability studies on aqueous dispersions of hybrid particles indicate mild photobrightening under continuous illumination while PFO particles exhibit slow exponential emission decay. Functionalized particles are also resistant to aggregation during exposure to adenocarcinoma cells. Generally, the hybrid particles exhibit more favorable time-, pH- and medium-dependent stabilities, likely due to steric and electrostatic stabilization by PEG-carboxylic acid functionalities. Overall, the functionalized particles exhibit attractive properties: Reasonably small size, tight size distribution, high absorption cross section, radiative rate and emission quantum yield, excellent brightness and photostability, and good colloidal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Singh
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. The University of Texas at Austin, McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, 200 E Dean Keeton St. Stop, C0400, Austin, TX 78712-1589, USA
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Soran-Erdem Z, Erdem T, Gungor K, Pennakalathil J, Tuncel D, Demir HV. High-Stability, High-Efficiency Organic Monoliths Made of Oligomer Nanoparticles Wrapped in Organic Matrix. ACS NANO 2016; 10:5333-9. [PMID: 27149059 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Oligomer nanoparticles (OL NPs) have been considered unsuitable for solid-state lighting due to their low quantum yields and low temperature stability of their emission. Here, we address these problems by forming highly emissive and stable OL NPs solids to make them applicable in lighting. For this purpose, we incorporated OL NPs into sucrose matrix and then prepared their all-organic monoliths. We show that wrapping the OL NPs in sucrose significantly increases their quantum yield up to 44%, while the efficiency of their dispersion and direct solid-film remain only at ∼6%. We further showed ∼3-fold improved temperature stability of OL NP emission within these monoliths. Our experiments revealed that a physical passivation mechanism is responsible from these improvements. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we successfully employed these high-stability, high-efficiency monoliths as color converters on a blue LED chip. Considering the improved optical features, low cost, and simplicity of the presented methodology, we believe that this study holds great promise for a ubiquitous use of organic OL NPs in lighting and possibly in other photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Soran-Erdem
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Talha Erdem
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Kivanc Gungor
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Jousheed Pennakalathil
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Dönüs Tuncel
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Hilmi Volkan Demir
- Departments of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, and Chemistry, UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University , Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Luminous! Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Lim WF, Quah HJ, Hassan Z. Effects of annealing temperature on optical, morphological, and electrical characteristics of polyfluorene-derivative thin films on ITO glass substrate. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:1198-1205. [PMID: 26906569 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of postdeposition annealing temperature (125°C-200°C) toward optical, morphological, and electrical characteristics of poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-phenylene)] end capped with dimethylphenyl group deposited on indium tin oxide glass substrates were investigated. Green and red-infrared photoluminescence emissions, originating from П-conjugation aggregates and keto-type defects did not attenuate the intensity of the blue emission peak. This suggested that the aggregates and defects might serve as local traps for radiative recombination. In samples annealed at 125°C-175°C, a decreasing optical energy gap (E(g)) that decreased barrier height as well as an increasing amount of traps have increased current conduction via thermionic emission and trap-assisted tunneling. Nonetheless, an acquisition of the largest E(g) and amount of traps testified that thermionic emission was dominating current conduction, surpassing trap-assisted tunneling in samples annealed at 200°C.
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Keivanidis PE, Kamm V, Dyer-Smith C, Zhang W, Laquai F, McCulloch I, Bradley DDC, Nelson J. Delayed luminescence spectroscopy of organic photovoltaic binary blend films: Probing the emissive non-geminate charge recombination. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:5183-5187. [PMID: 20878629 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201002389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Moscatelli A, Livingston K, So WY, Lee SJ, Scherf U, Wildeman J, Peteanu LA. Electric-field-induced fluorescence quenching in polyfluorene, ladder-type polymers, and MEH-PPV: evidence for field effects on internal conversion rates in the low concentration limit. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:14430-9. [PMID: 20707332 DOI: 10.1021/jp101307p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electric field-induced fluorescence quenching has been measured for a series of conjugated polymers with applications in organic light-emitting diodes. Electrofluorescence measurements on isolated chains in a glassy matrix at 77 K show that the quenching efficiency for poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) is an order of magnitude larger than that for either a ladder-type polymer (MeLPPP) or polyfluorene (PFH). This effect is explained in terms of the relatively high probability of field-enhanced internal conversion deactivation in MEH-PPV relative to either MeLPPP or PFH. These data, obtained under dilute sample conditions such that chain-chain interactions are minimal, are contrasted with the much higher quenching efficiencies observed in the corresponding polymer films, and several explanations for the differences are considered. In addition, the values of the change in dipole moment and change in polarizability on excitation (|Δμ| and tr(Δα), respectively) are reported, and trends in these values as a function of molecular structure and chain length are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Moscatelli
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Ho CL, Chui CH, Wong WY, Aly SM, Fortin D, Harvey PD, Yao B, Xie Z, Wang L. Efficient Electrophosphorescence from a Platinum Metallopolyyne Featuring a 2,7-Carbazole Chromophore. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200900351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kadashchuk A, Schols S, Heremans P, Skryshevski Y, Piryatinski Y, Beinik I, Teichert C, Hernandez-Sosa G, Sitter H, Andreev A, Frank P, Winkler A. Origin of the low-energy emission band in epitaxially grown para-sexiphenyl nanocrystallites. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:084901. [PMID: 19256621 DOI: 10.1063/1.3073883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Kadashchuk
- IMEC v.z.w., SOLO-PME, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Huyal IO, Ozel T, Tuncel D, Demir HV. Quantum efficiency enhancement in film by making nanoparticles of polyfluorene. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:13391-7. [PMID: 18711577 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.013391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report on conjugated polymer nanoparticles of polyfluorene that were formed to exhibit higher fluorescence quantum efficiency in film (68%) and reduce undesired emission peak wavelength shifts in film (by 20 nm), compared to the solid-state polymer thin film made directly out of the same polymer solution without forming nanoparticles. Using the facile reprecipitation method, solutions of poly[9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluorene] in THF were added at different volume ratios to obtain different size distributions of nanoparticle dispersions in water. This allowed us to control the sizedependent optical emission of our polyfluorene nanoparticles. Such organic nanoparticles hold great promise for use as efficient emitters in optoelectronic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkem O Huyal
- Department of Physics, Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
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Vaughan HL, Monkman AP, Pålsson LO, Nehls BS, Farrell T, Scherf U. On the angular dependence of the optical polarization anisotropy in ladder-type polymers. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:044709. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2822273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Grimsdale AC, Müllen K. Oligomers and Polymers Based on Bridged Phenylenes as Electronic Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200700247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bittner ER, Karabunarliev S, Herz LM. Theory of non-Condon emission from the interchain exciton in conjugated polymer aggregates. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:191102. [PMID: 17523782 DOI: 10.1063/1.2741250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors present here a simple analysis that explains the apparent strengthening of electron phonon interaction upon aggregation in conjugated polymer materials. The overall scheme is that of an intermolecular Herzberg-Teller effect whereby sidebands of a forbidden transition are activated by oppositely phased vibrations. The authors show that upon aggregation, the 0-0 emission becomes symmetry forbidden and the apparent redshift and remaining vibronic structure are due to sideband (0-1,0-2, etc.) emission. At higher temperatures, the 0-0 peak is due to thermal population in a higher lying even-parity vibronic state rather than direct emission from the odd-paritied lowest intermolecular vibronic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Bittner
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA.
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Polyphenylene-type Emissive Materials: Poly(para-phenylene)s,Polyfluorenes, and Ladder Polymers. EMISSIVE MATERIALS NANOMATERIALS 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/12_076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Qiu S, Liu L, Wang B, Shen F, Zhang W, Li M, Ma Y. Facile Synthesis of Carbazole-Containing Semiladder Polyphenylenes for Pure-Blue Electroluminescence. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050821u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Qiu
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Baoling Wang
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhong Shen
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wu Zhang
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Mao Li
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Qiu S, Lu P, Liu X, Shen F, Liu L, Ma Y, Shen J. New Ladder-Type Poly(p-phenylene)s Containing Fluorene Unit Exhibiting High Efficient Electroluminescence. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma034929q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Qiu
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhong Shen
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Jiacong Shen
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
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Gerhard A, Bässler H. Delayed fluorescence of a poly (p-phenylenevinylene) derivative: Triplet–triplet annihilation versus geminate pair recombination. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1507107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lupton JM. On-chain defect emission in conjugated polymers – Comment on ‘Exciton dissociation dynamics in a conjugated polymer containing aggregate states’ [A. Haugeneder, U. Lemmer, U. Scherf, Chem. Phys. Lett. 351 (2002) 354]. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)01448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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