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Dini D, Calvete MJF, Hanack M. Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13043-13233. [PMID: 27933768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting. All known mechanisms of optical limiting have been analyzed and discussed for the different types of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Dini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza" , P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mário J F Calvete
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra , Rua Larga, P 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Michael Hanack
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Zhang J, Chen W, Kalytchuk S, Li KF, Chen R, Adachi C, Chen Z, Rogach AL, Zhu G, Yu PKN, Zhang W, Cheah KW, Zhang X, Lee CS. Self-Assembly of Electron Donor-Acceptor-Based Carbazole Derivatives: Novel Fluorescent Organic Nanoprobes for Both One- and Two-Photon Cellular Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:11355-11365. [PMID: 27097920 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report fluorescent organic nanoprobes with intense blue, green, and orange-red emissions prepared by self-assembling three carbazole derivatives into nanorods/nanoparticles. The three compounds consist of two or four electron-donating carbazole groups linked to a central dicyanobenzene electron acceptor. Steric hindrance from the carbazole groups leads to noncoplanar 3D molecular structures favorable to fluorescence in the solid state, while the donor-acceptor structures endow the molecules with good two-photon excited emission properties. The fluorescent organic nanoprobes exhibit good water dispersibility, low cytotoxicity, superior resistance against photodegradation and photobleaching. Both one- and two-photon fluorescent imaging were shown in the A549 cell line. Two-photon fluorescence imaging with the fluorescent probes was demonstrated to be more effective in visualizing and distinguishing cellular details compared to conventional one-photon fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong & City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wencheng Chen
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong & City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | | | - King Fai Li
- Department of Physics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong & City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Zhan Chen
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong & City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Nano-organic Photoelectronic Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | - Wenjun Zhang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong & City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Kok Wai Cheah
- Department of Physics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong & City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute , Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Liu Q, Ren ZG, Deng L, Zhang WH, Zhao X, Sun ZR, Lang JP. Solvent effect-driven assembly of W/Cu/S cluster-based coordination polymers from the cluster precursor [Et4N][Tp*WS3(CuBr)3] and CuCN: isolation, structures and enhanced NLO responses. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:130-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02725f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solvent modulation of a W/Cu/S cluster and CuCN reaction system provides coordination polymers with enhanced nonlinear optical performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Physics
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hua Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Rong Sun
- Department of Physics
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200062
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
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Ji X, Guang S, Xu H, Ke F, Qin X. Fluorene-based click polymers: Relationship between molecular structure and nonlinear optical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ji
- College of Material Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 China
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Anhui University of Science and Technology; Huainan 232001 China
| | - Shanyi Guang
- College of Material Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Hongyao Xu
- College of Material Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Fuyou Ke
- College of Material Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Xiaoyun Qin
- College of Material Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials; Donghua University; Shanghai 201620 China
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Papagiannouli I, Demetriou M, Krasia-Christoforou T, Couris S. Palladium-based micellar nanohybrids: preparation and nonlinear optical response. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46132g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Wei ZH, Ni CY, Li HX, Ren ZG, Sun ZR, Lang JP. [PyH][{TpMo(μ3-S)4Cu3}4(μ12-I)]: a unique tetracubane cluster derived from the S–S bond cleavage and the iodide template effects and its enhanced NLO performances. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4836-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41280f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Karpicz R, Puzinas S, Sulskus J, Malickaja S, Grigalevicius S, Gulbinas V. Electronic properties of carbazole–fluorene–benzothiadiazole compounds revealed by time resolved spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chen X, Li HX, Zhang ZY, Xu C, Hou KP, Zhou LK, Lang JP, Sun ZR. Assembly of two cluster-based coordination polymers with good NLO performance from one NLO-inactive precursor cluster [Et4N][Tp*W(μ3–S)3(CuCl)3]. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce25143d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Karpicz R, Puzinas S, Krotkus S, Kazlauskas K, Jursenas S, Grazulevicius JV, Grigalevicius S, Gulbinas V. Impact of intramolecular twisting and exciton migration on emission efficiency of multifunctional fluorene-benzothiadiazole-carbazole compounds. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:204508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3594047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wei LP, Ren ZG, Zhu LW, Yan WY, Sun S, Wang HF, Lang JP, Sun ZR. Construction of Halide-Bridged Tungsten-Copper-Sulfide Double Cubanelike Clusters from a New Precursor [(Tp*WS2)2(μ-S2)]. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:4493-502. [DOI: 10.1021/ic200147d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian-Wen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Rong Sun
- Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People’s Republic of China
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Rashidnadimi S, Hung TH, Wong KT, Bard AJ. Electrochemistry and Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of 3,6-Di(spirobifluorene)-N-phenylcarbazole. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 130:634-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja076033x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rashidnadimi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 106 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung Hsi Hung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 106 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 106 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Allen J. Bard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, and Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 106 Taipei, Taiwan
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Synthesis, Design and Electrochemical Properties of Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) Films Built of Bis(Pyrrolyl)Fluorene. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Che Y, Tian X, Chen H, Tang Z, Lin J. Syntheses and third-order NLO properties of η6complexes of N-ethylcarbazole with Cr(CO)3and Cr(CO)2PPh3moieties. NEW J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b518346d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Wong KT, Ku SY, Cheng YM, Lin XY, Hung YY, Pu SC, Chou PT, Lee GH, Peng SM. Synthesis, Structures, and Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reaction in the 9,9‘-Spirobifluorene-Bridged Bipolar Systems. J Org Chem 2005; 71:456-65. [PMID: 16408952 DOI: 10.1021/jo0512047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A series of 9,9'-spirobifluorene-bridged bipolar compounds DnAm bearing various n:m ratios for triarylamine (D) versus 1,3,4-oxadiazole-conjugated oligoaryl moiety (A) have been synthesized to investigate the corresponding photoinduced electron transfer (PET) property. The excitation behaviors were probed by steady-state absorption, emission, fluorescence solvatochromism, and femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy. The overall reaction dynamics can be rationalized by the rate of PET, in combination with solvent relaxation dynamics. It was found that the rate of PET is dependent on the anchored D/A ratio. The rate of D1A1 and D2A1 was resolved to be approximately 2.44 x 10(12) and 2.32 x 10(12) s(-)(1), respectively, while it is irresolvable in D1A2 and D2A2 (>6.6 x 10(12) s(-)(1)). In another approach, based on the comprehensive X-ray data, cyclic voltammetry, and absorption/emission spectra, the rate of photoinduced electron transfer was also qualitatively estimated. Fair comparisons were made between experimental and theoretical approaches to gain detailed insight into the PET for the titled systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Fungo F, Wong KT, Ku SY, Hung YY, Bard AJ. Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence. 81. Influence of Donor and Acceptor Substituents on the ECL of a Spirobifluorene-Bridged Bipolar System. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:3984-9. [PMID: 16851454 DOI: 10.1021/jp045548x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemistry and radical ion annihilation electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of 9,9'-spirobifluorene-bridged bipolar systems containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole-conjugated oligoaryl and triarylamine substituents were investigated. The stability of the oxidized spirobifluorenes was improved by functionalization with triarylamine centers. These donor-acceptor (DA) compounds exhibited a good fluorescence efficiency with an emission maximum that correlated with the potential difference between radical anion and cation formation, suggesting a charge transfer (CT) emission band. An ECL mechanism based on the formation of the CT excited state by radical ion annihilation or production of the triplet state followed by triplet-triplet annihilation, with perhaps some excimer contribution, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fungo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Zaami N, Slugovc C, Pogantsch A, Stelzer F. Blue Light Emission from a Fluorene-Carbazole-Fluorene Trimer Incorporated as the Side Chain into a Polynorbornene. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200300100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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