1
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Hait D, Lahana D, Fajen OJ, Paz ASP, Unzueta PA, Rana B, Lu L, Wang Y, Kjønstad EF, Koch H, Martínez TJ. Prediction of photodynamics of 200 nm excited cyclobutanone with linear response electronic structure and ab initio multiple spawning. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:244101. [PMID: 38912674 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Simulations of photochemical reaction dynamics have been a challenge to the theoretical chemistry community for some time. In an effort to determine the predictive character of current approaches, we predict the results of an upcoming ultrafast diffraction experiment on the photodynamics of cyclobutanone after excitation to the lowest lying Rydberg state (S2). A picosecond of nonadiabatic dynamics is described with ab initio multiple spawning. We use both time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and equation-of-motion coupled cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) theory for the underlying electronic structure theory. We find that the lifetime of the S2 state is more than a picosecond (with both TDDFT and EOM-CCSD). The predicted ultrafast electron diffraction spectrum exhibits numerous structural features, but weak time dependence over the course of the simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptarka Hait
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - Dean Lahana
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - O Jonathan Fajen
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - Amiel S P Paz
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - Pablo A Unzueta
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - Bhaskar Rana
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - Lixin Lu
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - Yuanheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
| | - Eirik F Kjønstad
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Henrik Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94024, USA
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2
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Gómez S, Spinlove E, Worth G. Benchmarking non-adiabatic quantum dynamics using the molecular Tully models. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1829-1844. [PMID: 38170796 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
On-the-fly non-adiabatic dynamics methods are becoming more important as tools to characterise the time evolution of a system after absorbing light. These methods, which calculate quantities such as state energies, gradients and interstate couplings at every time step, circumvent the requirement for pre-computed potential energy surfaces. There are a number of different algorithms used, the most common being Tully Surface Hopping (TSH), but all are approximate solutions to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and benchmarking is required to understand their accuracy and performance. For this, a common set of systems and observables are required to compare them. In this work, we validate the on-the-fly direct dynamics variational multi-configuration Gaussian (DD-vMCG) method using three molecular systems recently suggested by Ibele and Curchod as molecular versions of the Tully model systems used to test one-dimensional non-adiabatic behaviour [Ibele et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2020, 22, 15183-15196]. Parametrised linear vibronic potential energy surfaces for each of the systems were also tested and compared to on-the-fly results. The molecules, which we term the Ibele-Curchod models, are ethene, DMABN and fulvene and the authors used them to test and compare several versions of the Ab Initio Multiple Spawning (AIMS) method alongside TSH. The three systems present different deactivation pathways after excitation to their ππ* bright states. When comparing DD-vMCG to AIMS and TSH, we obtain crucial differences in some cases, for which an explanation is provided by the classical nature and the chosen initial conditions of the TSH simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gómez
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Spain
| | - Eryn Spinlove
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Theoretical Chemistry - Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Graham Worth
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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3
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Cofer-Shabica DV, Athavale V, Subotnik JE. To guess or not to guess excited state amplitudes during optimization and dynamics. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:121101. [PMID: 38127368 DOI: 10.1063/5.0163571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We report robust initial guesses for the amplitudes and z-vectors in a configuration interaction singles or Tamm-Dancoff approximation calculation that consistently reduce the total number of iterations required for an excited state calculation often by over 50%. The end result of these guesses is that the practicing chemist can expect to generate excited state optimized structures with a total wall time reduced by as much as 30% in the future without any approximations-simply by using information gathered at one geometry and applying it to another geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vale Cofer-Shabica
- Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231S. 34 Street, Cret Wing 141D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, USA
| | - Vishikh Athavale
- Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231S. 34 Street, Cret Wing 141D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, USA
| | - Joseph E Subotnik
- Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231S. 34 Street, Cret Wing 141D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, USA
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4
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Lu H, Azizi A, Mi XP, Wenjing Y, Peng Y, Xu T, Früchtl H, van Mourik T, Kirk SR, Jenkins S. Scoring molecular wires subject to an ultrafast laser pulse for molecular electronic devices. J Comput Chem 2023. [PMID: 37133985 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A nonionizing ultrafast laser pulse of 20-fs duration with a peak amplitude electric-field ±E = 200 × 10-4 a.u. was simulated. It was applied to the ethene molecule to consider its effect on the electron dynamics, both during the application of the laser pulse and for up to 100 fs after the pulse was switched off. Four laser pulse frequencies ω = 0.2692, 0.2808, 0.2830, and 0.2900 a.u. were chosen to correspond to excitation energies mid-way between the (S1 ,S2 ), (S2 ,S3 ), (S3 ,S4 ) and (S4 ,S5 ) electronic states, respectively. Scalar quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) was used to quantify the shifts of the C1C2 bond critical points (BCPs). Depending on the frequencies ω selected, the C1C2 BCP shifts were up to 5.8 times higher after the pulse was switched off compared with a static E-field with the same magnitude. Next generation QTAIM (NG-QTAIM) was used to visualize and quantify the directional chemical character. In particular, polarization effects and bond strengths, in the form of bond-rigidity vs. bond-flexibility, were found, for some laser pulse frequencies, to increase after the laser pulse was switched off. Our analysis demonstrates that NG-QTAIM, in partnership with ultrafast laser irradiation, is useful as a tool in the emerging field of ultrafast electron dynamics, which will be essential for the design, and control of molecular electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Alireza Azizi
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Peng Mi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Wenjing
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tianlv Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Herbert Früchtl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Tanja van Mourik
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Steven R Kirk
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Samantha Jenkins
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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5
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Ariyageadsakul P, Baeck KK. Nuclear wave-packet-propagation-based study of the electron-coupled, proton-transfer process in the charge-transfer state of FHCl exhibiting three electronic states in full-dimensional space. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:014302. [PMID: 36610955 DOI: 10.1063/5.0131104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The charge-transfer (CT) excited state of FHCl (F+H-Cl-), generated by the photodetachment of an electron from its precursor anion (FHCl-) by a photon energy of ∼9.5 eV, is a realistic prototype of two bidirectional-coupled reaction pathways, namely the proton-transfer (PT) and electron-transfer (ET) channels, that produce F + HCl and FH + Cl combinations, respectively. The early-time dynamics of the CT was studied via the time-dependent propagations of nuclear wave packets comprising three nonadiabatically coupled electronic states defined within a three-dimensional space. The detailed analyses of the early-time dynamics revealed an interesting phenomenon in which the onset of PT was ∼80 fs earlier than that of ET, indicating that PT dominated ET in this case. A more significant finding was that the proper adjustment of the electronic-charge distribution for the onset of ET was obtained ∼80 fs after the onset of PT; this adjustment was mediated by the initial movement of the H atom, i.e., the F-H vibration mode. To avail experimental observables, the branching ratio, χ = PT/(PT + ET), and absorption spectrum generating the neutral FHCl molecule from its precursor anion were also simulated. The results further demonstrated the dependences of the χs and spectrum on the change in the initial vibration level of the precursor anion, as well as the isotopic substitution of the connecting H atom with deuterium, tritium, and muonium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinit Ariyageadsakul
- Department of Chemistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Koo Baeck
- Department of Chemistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25457, Republic of Korea
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6
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Freixas VM, Nelson T, Ondarse-Alvarez D, Nijjar P, Mikhailovsky A, Zhou C, Fernandez-Alberti S, Bazan GC, Tretiak S. Experimental and theoretical study of energy transfer in a chromophore triad: What makes modeling dynamics successful? J Chem Phys 2020; 153:244114. [PMID: 33380074 DOI: 10.1063/5.0028126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simulation of electronic dynamics in realistically large molecular systems is a demanding task that has not yet achieved the same level of quantitative prediction already realized for its static counterpart. This is particularly true for processes occurring beyond the Born-Oppenheimer regime. Non-adiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) simulations suffer from two convoluted sources of error: numerical algorithms for dynamics and electronic structure calculations. While the former has gained increasing attention, particularly addressing the validity of ad hoc methodologies, the effect of the latter remains relatively unexplored. Indeed, the required accuracy for electronic structure calculations to reach quantitative agreement with experiment in dynamics may be even more strict than that required for static simulations. Here, we address this issue by modeling the electronic energy transfer in a donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) molecular light harvesting system using fewest switches surface hopping NAMD simulations. In the studied system, time-resolved experimental measurements deliver complete information on spectra and energy transfer rates. Subsequent modeling shows that the calculated electronic transition energies are "sufficiently good" to reproduce experimental spectra but produce over an order of magnitude error in simulated dynamical rates. We further perform simulations using artificially shifted energy gaps to investigate the complex relationship between transition energies and modeled dynamics to understand factors affecting non-radiative relaxation and energy transfer rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Freixas
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, Roque Saenz Peña 352, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
| | - Tammie Nelson
- Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | | | - Parmeet Nijjar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1062, USA
| | - Alexander Mikhailovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | | | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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7
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Nelson TR, White AJ, Bjorgaard JA, Sifain AE, Zhang Y, Nebgen B, Fernandez-Alberti S, Mozyrsky D, Roitberg AE, Tretiak S. Non-adiabatic Excited-State Molecular Dynamics: Theory and Applications for Modeling Photophysics in Extended Molecular Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2215-2287. [PMID: 32040312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Optically active molecular materials, such as organic conjugated polymers and biological systems, are characterized by strong coupling between electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom. Typically, simulations must go beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation to account for non-adiabatic coupling between excited states. Indeed, non-adiabatic dynamics is commonly associated with exciton dynamics and photophysics involving charge and energy transfer, as well as exciton dissociation and charge recombination. Understanding the photoinduced dynamics in such materials is vital to providing an accurate description of exciton formation, evolution, and decay. This interdisciplinary field has matured significantly over the past decades. Formulation of new theoretical frameworks, development of more efficient and accurate computational algorithms, and evolution of high-performance computer hardware has extended these simulations to very large molecular systems with hundreds of atoms, including numerous studies of organic semiconductors and biomolecules. In this Review, we will describe recent theoretical advances including treatment of electronic decoherence in surface-hopping methods, the role of solvent effects, trivial unavoided crossings, analysis of data based on transition densities, and efficient computational implementations of these numerical methods. We also emphasize newly developed semiclassical approaches, based on the Gaussian approximation, which retain phase and width information to account for significant decoherence and interference effects while maintaining the high efficiency of surface-hopping approaches. The above developments have been employed to successfully describe photophysics in a variety of molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammie R Nelson
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Alexander J White
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Josiah A Bjorgaard
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Andrew E Sifain
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States.,U.S. Army Research Laboratory , Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland 21005 , United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Benjamin Nebgen
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | | | - Dmitry Mozyrsky
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Adrian E Roitberg
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
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8
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Champenois EG, Shivaram NH, Wright TW, Yang CS, Belkacem A, Cryan JP. Involvement of a low-lying Rydberg state in the ultrafast relaxation dynamics of ethylene. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:014303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4939220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elio G. Champenois
- Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Niranjan H. Shivaram
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Travis W. Wright
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Chan-Shan Yang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ali Belkacem
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - James P. Cryan
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- PULSE Institute for Ultrafast Energy Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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9
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Schalk O, Boguslavskiy AE, Stolow A. Two-Photon Excited State Dynamics of Dark Valence, Rydberg, and Superexcited States in 1,3-Butadiene. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:560-565. [PMID: 26276609 DOI: 10.1021/jz402725u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon absorption in systems with parity permits access to states that cannot be prepared by one-photon absorption. Here we present the first time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study using this technique, applied to 1,3-butadiene, in which we investigated the dynamics of its dark valence, Rydberg, and superexcited states. The dark valence state dynamics are accessed via the Rydberg manifold, excited by two photons of 400 nm. We find that the 'dark' 2(1)Ag state populated in this manner has a much longer lifetime than when accesses via the 1(1)Bu 'bright' valence state when populated by one photon of 200 nm. In addition, we compared the dynamics of the 3sπ- and 3dπ-Rydberg states. These Rydberg states relax to the valence manifold on a subpicosecond time scale, with the 3sπ-Rydberg state decay rate being larger due to a stronger valence-Rydberg mixing. Finally, we investigated superexcited valence states that fragment or autoionize within 200 fs, likely without involving Rydberg states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Schalk
- †Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Roslagstullsbacken 21, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- ‡National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Andrey E Boguslavskiy
- ‡National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Albert Stolow
- ‡National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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10
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Gerber RB, Shemesh D, Varner ME, Kalinowski J, Hirshberg B. Ab initio and semi-empirical Molecular Dynamics simulations of chemical reactions in isolated molecules and in clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:9760-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55239j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in “on-the-fly” trajectory simulations of molecular reactions, using different electronic structure methods is discussed, with analysis of the insights that such calculations can provide and of the strengths and limitations of the algorithms available.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. B. Gerber
- Institute of Chemistry and The Fritz Haber Research Center
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem 91904, Israel
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
| | - D. Shemesh
- Institute of Chemistry and The Fritz Haber Research Center
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - M. E. Varner
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Irvine 92697, USA
| | - J. Kalinowski
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Helsinki
- , Finland
| | - B. Hirshberg
- Institute of Chemistry and The Fritz Haber Research Center
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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11
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Daday C, Smart S, Booth GH, Alavi A, Filippi C. Full Configuration Interaction Excitations of Ethene and Butadiene: Resolution of an Ancient Question. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:4441-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300486d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Daday
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede,
The Netherlands
| | - Simon Smart
- University of Cambridge, Chemistry Department, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - George H. Booth
- University of Cambridge, Chemistry Department, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Ali Alavi
- University of Cambridge, Chemistry Department, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Claudia Filippi
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede,
The Netherlands
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12
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Boggio-Pasqua M, Burmeister CF, Robb MA, Groenhof G. Photochemical reactions in biological systems: probing the effect of the environment by means of hybrid quantum chemistry/molecular mechanics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:7912-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23628a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Min SK, Cho Y, Kim KS. Efficient electron dynamics with the planewave-based real-time time-dependent density functional theory: Absorption spectra, vibronic electronic spectra, and coupled electron-nucleus dynamics. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:244112. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3671952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Alnama K, Boyé-Péronne S, Roche AL, Gauyacq D. Excited states of C2H4 studied by (3 + 1) and (3 + 2) REMPI spectroscopy: disentangling the lowest Rydberg series from the strong π–π* V ← N transition. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701496524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Computer Simulations of Photobiological Processes: The Effect of the Protein Environment. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3276(10)59006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
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16
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Calculation of Magnetic Circular Dichroism Spectra With Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0898-8838(10)62002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Tao H, Levine BG, Martínez TJ. Ab Initio Multiple Spawning Dynamics Using Multi-State Second-Order Perturbation Theory. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13656-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9063565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Benjamin G. Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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18
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19
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Pérez-Hernández G, González L, Serrano-Andrés L. Rydberg or Valence? The Long-Standing Question in the UV Absorption Spectrum of 1,1′-Bicyclohexylidene. Chemphyschem 2008; 9:2544-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200800454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mozhayskiy VA, Savee JD, Mann JE, Continetti RE, Krylov AI. Conical for Stepwise, Glancing for Concerted: The Role of the Excited-State Topology in the Three-Body Dissociation of sym-Triazine. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:12345-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jp806369s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim A. Mozhayskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340
| | - John D. Savee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340
| | - Jennifer E. Mann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340
| | - Robert E. Continetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340
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21
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22
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Schreiber M, Silva-Junior MR, Sauer SPA, Thiel W. Benchmarks for electronically excited states: CASPT2, CC2, CCSD, and CC3. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:134110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2889385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 749] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Slavícek P, Martínez TJ. Multicentered valence electron effective potentials: a solution to the link atom problem for ground and excited electronic states. J Chem Phys 2007; 124:084107. [PMID: 16512708 DOI: 10.1063/1.2173992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a multicentered valence electron effective potential (MC-VEEP) description of functional groups which succeeds even in the context of excited electronic states. The MC-VEEP is formulated within the ansatz which is familiar for effective core potentials in quantum chemistry, and so can be easily incorporated in any quantum chemical calculation. By demanding that both occupied and virtual orbitals are described correctly on the MC-VEEP, we are able to ensure correct behavior even when the MC-VEEP borders an electronically excited region. However, the present formulation does require that the electrons represented by the MC-VEEP are primarily spectators and not directly participating in the electronic excitation. We point out the importance of separating the electrostatic and exchange-repulsion components of the MC-VEEP in order that interactions between the effective potential and other nuclei can be modeled correctly. We present a MC-VEEP for methyl radical with one active electron which is tested in several conjugated molecules. We discuss the use of the MC-VEEP as a solution to the "link atom" problem in hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical methods. We also discuss the limitations and further development of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Slavícek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S. Mathews, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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24
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Coe JD, Levine BG, Martínez TJ. Ab initio molecular dynamics of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer using multireference perturbation theory. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:11302-10. [PMID: 17602455 DOI: 10.1021/jp072027b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present the first calculations of excited-state dynamics using ab initio molecular dynamics with a multireference perturbation theory description of the electronic structure. The new AIMS-CASPT2 method is applied to a paradigmatic excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer reaction in methyl salicylate, and the results are compared with previous ultrafast spectroscopic experiments. Agreement of AIMS-CASPT2 and experimental results is quantitative. The results demonstrate that the lack of an observed isotope effect in the reaction is due to multidimensionality of the reaction coordinate, which largely involves heavy-atom bond alternation instead of proton transfer. Using the dynamics results as a guide, we also characterize relevant minima on the ground and first singlet excited state using CASPT2 electronic structure theory. We further locate an S1/S0 minimal energy conical intersection, whose presence explains experimental observations of a sharp decrease in fluorescence quantum yield at excitation energies more than 1,300 cm-1 above the excited-state origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Coe
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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25
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Abstract
The standard model for photoinduced cis-trans isomerization about carbon double bonds is framed in terms of two electronic states and a one-dimensional reaction coordinate. We review recent work that suggests that a minimal picture of the reaction mechanism requires the consideration of at least two molecular coordinates and three electronic states. In this chapter, we emphasize the role of conical intersections and charge transfer in the photoisomerization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Levine
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute, Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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26
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Levine BG, Ko C, Quenneville J, MartÍnez TJ. Conical intersections and double excitations in time-dependent density functional theory. Mol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970500417762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G. Levine
- a Department of Chemistry , The Beckman Institute, and The F. Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chaehyuk Ko
- a Department of Chemistry , The Beckman Institute, and The F. Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jason Quenneville
- a Department of Chemistry , The Beckman Institute, and The F. Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Todd J. MartÍnez
- a Department of Chemistry , The Beckman Institute, and The F. Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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27
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Seth M, Autschbach J, Ziegler T. Calculation of the Term of Magnetic Circular Dichroism. A Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2006; 3:434-47. [DOI: 10.1021/ct600283t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, University Drive 2500, Calgary, AB T2N-1N4, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 312 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, University Drive 2500, Calgary, AB T2N-1N4, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 312 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000
| | - Tom Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, University Drive 2500, Calgary, AB T2N-1N4, Canada, and Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 312 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000
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28
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Bespechansky E, Portnov A, Zwielly A, Rosenwaks S, Bar I. Vibrationally mediated photodissociation of ethene isotopic variants preexcited to the fourth C–H stretch overtone. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:133301. [PMID: 17029454 DOI: 10.1063/1.2217743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
H and D photofragments produced via vibrationally mediated photodissociation of jet-cooled normal ethene (C2H4), 1,2-trans-d2-ethene (HDCCDH), and 1,1-d2-ethene (CH2CD2), initially excited to the fourth C-H stretch overtone region, were studied for the first time. H and D vibrational action spectra and Doppler profiles were measured. The action spectra include partially resolved features due to rotational cooling, while the monitored room temperature photoacoustic spectra exhibit only a very broad feature in each species. Simulation of the spectral contours allowed determination of the band types and origins, limited precision rotational constants, and linewidths, providing time scales for energy redistribution. The H and D Doppler profiles correspond to low average translational energies and show slight preferential C-H over C-D bond cleavage in the deuterated variants. The propensities toward H photofragments emerge even though the energy flow out of the initially prepared C-H stretch is on a picosecond time scale and the photodissociation occurs following internal conversion, indicating a more effective release of the light H atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Bespechansky
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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29
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Ichino T, Gianola AJ, Lineberger WC, Stanton JF. Nonadiabatic effects in the photoelectron spectrum of the pyrazolide-d3 anion: Three-state interactions in the pyrazolyl-d3 radical. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:084312. [PMID: 16965017 DOI: 10.1063/1.2338043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The 351.1 nm photoelectron spectrum of the 1-pyrazolide-d(3) anion has been measured. The photoelectron angular distributions indicate the presence of nearly degenerate electronic states of the 1-pyrazolyl-d(3) radical. Equation-of-motion ionization potential coupled-cluster singles and doubles (EOMIP-CCSD) calculations have been performed to study the low-lying electronic states. The calculations strongly suggest that three electronic states, energetically close to each other, are accessed in the photodetachment process. Strong interactions of the pseudo-Jahn-Teller type in each pair of the three states are evident in the calculations for the radical at the anion geometry. Model diabatic potentials of the three states have been constructed around the anion geometry in terms of the anion reduced normal coordinates up to the second order. An analytic method to parametrize the quadratic vibronic coupling (QVC) model potentials has been introduced. Parameters of the QVC model potentials have been determined from the EOMIP-CCSD and CCSD(T) calculations. Simulations of the 1-pyrazolide-d(3) spectrum have been performed with the model Hamiltonian, treating all vibronic interactions amongst the three states simultaneously. The simulation reproduces the fine structure of the observed spectrum very well, revealing complicated nonadiabatic effects in the low-lying states of the radical. The ground state of the 1-pyrazolyl-d(3) radical is (2)A(2) and the electron affinity is 2.935+/-0.006 eV. The first excited state is (2)B(1) with a term energy of 32+/-1 meV. While the high-symmetry (C(2v)) stationary points of the X (2)A(2) and A (2)B(1) states are minima, that of the state is a saddle point as a result of the pseudo-Jahn-Teller interactions with the other two states. The topology of the adiabatic potential energy surfaces is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Ichino
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA
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30
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Martínez TJ. Insights for light-driven molecular devices from ab initio multiple spawning excited-state dynamics of organic and biological chromophores. Acc Chem Res 2006; 39:119-26. [PMID: 16489731 DOI: 10.1021/ar040202q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the basic process of photoinduced isomerization as a building block for the design of complex, multifunctional molecular devices. The excited-state dynamics associated with isomerization is detailed through application of the ab initio multiple spawning (AIMS) method, which solves the electronic and nuclear Schrödinger equations simultaneously. This first-principles molecular dynamics approach avoids the uncertainties and extraordinary effort associated with fitting of potential energy surfaces and allows for bond rearrangement processes with no special input. Furthermore, the AIMS method allows for the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and thus can correctly model chemistry occurring on multiple electronic states. We show that charge-transfer states play an important role in photoinduced isomerization and argue that this provides an essential "design rule" for multifunctional devices based on isomerizing chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute, and The Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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31
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Bedard-Hearn MJ, Larsen RE, Schwartz BJ. Mean-field dynamics with stochastic decoherence (MF-SD): A new algorithm for nonadiabatic mixed quantum/classical molecular-dynamics simulations with nuclear-induced decoherence. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:234106. [PMID: 16392913 DOI: 10.1063/1.2131056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The key factors that distinguish algorithms for nonadiabatic mixed quantum/classical (MQC) simulations from each other are how they incorporate quantum decoherence-the fact that classical nuclei must eventually cause a quantum superposition state to collapse into a pure state-and how they model the effects of decoherence on the quantum and classical subsystems. Most algorithms use distinct mechanisms for modeling nonadiabatic transitions between pure quantum basis states ("surface hops") and for calculating the loss of quantum-mechanical phase information (e.g., the decay of the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix). In our view, however, both processes should be unified in a single description of decoherence. In this paper, we start from the density matrix of the total system and use the frozen Gaussian approximation for the nuclear wave function to derive a nuclear-induced decoherence rate for the electronic degrees of freedom. We then use this decoherence rate as the basis for a new nonadiabatic MQC molecular-dynamics (MD) algorithm, which we call mean-field dynamics with stochastic decoherence (MF-SD). MF-SD begins by evolving the quantum subsystem according to the time-dependent Schrodinger equation, leading to mean-field dynamics. MF-SD then uses the nuclear-induced decoherence rate to determine stochastically at each time step whether the system remains in a coherent mixed state or decoheres. Once it is determined that the system should decohere, the quantum subsystem undergoes an instantaneous total wave-function collapse onto one of the adiabatic basis states and the classical velocities are adjusted to conserve energy. Thus, MF-SD combines surface hops and decoherence into a single idea: decoherence in MF-SD does not require the artificial introduction of reference states, auxiliary trajectories, or trajectory swarms, which also makes MF-SD much more computationally efficient than other nonadiabatic MQC MD algorithms. The unified definition of decoherence in MF-SD requires only a single ad hoc parameter, which is not adjustable but instead is determined by the spatial extent of the nonadiabatic coupling. We use MF-SD to solve a series of one-dimensional scattering problems and find that MF-SD is as quantitatively accurate as several existing nonadiabatic MQC MD algorithms and significantly more accurate for some problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Bedard-Hearn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA
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32
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Gloaguen E, Mestdagh JM, Poisson L, Lepetit F, Visticot JP, Soep B, Coroiu M, Eppink ATJB, Parker DH. Experimental Evidence for Ultrafast Electronic Relaxation in Molecules, Mediated by Diffuse States. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:16529-34. [PMID: 16305241 DOI: 10.1021/ja052269u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The existence of a mediating state for the ultrafast electronic relaxation in ethylenic-like molecules has been shown by femtosecond electron imaging techniques. This state is of Rydberg character, and its high efficiency is due to its ability to link the electron distributions of the initial and final electronic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Gloaguen
- Laboratoire Francis Perrin, CNRS-URA-2453, DSM/DRECAM/Service des Photons, Atomes et Molécules, C.E.A. Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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33
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Vallet V, Lan Z, Mahapatra S, Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. Photochemistry of pyrrole: Time-dependent quantum wave-packet description of the dynamics at the π1σ*-S0 conical intersections. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:144307. [PMID: 16238391 DOI: 10.1063/1.2049250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced hydrogen-elimination reaction in pyrrole via the conical intersections of the two (1)pi sigma(*) excited states with the electronic ground states [(1)B(1)(pi sigma(*))-S(0) and (1)A(2)(pi sigma(*))-S(0)] have been investigated by time-dependent quantum wave-packet calculations. Model potential-energy surfaces of reduced dimensionality have been constructed on the basis of accurate multireference ab initio electronic-structure calculations. For the (1)B(1)-S(0) conical intersection, the model includes the NH stretching coordinate as the tuning mode and the hydrogen out-of-plane bending coordinate as the coupling mode. For the (1)A(2)-S(0) conical intersection, the NH stretching coordinate and the screwing coordinate of the ring hydrogens are taken into account. The latter is the dominant coupling mode of this conical intersection. The electronic population-transfer processes at the conical intersections, the branching ratio between the dissociation channels, and their dependence on the initial preparation of the system have been investigated for pyrrole and deuterated pyrrole. It is shown that the excitation of the NH stretching mode strongly enhances the reaction rate, while the excitation of the coupling mode influences the branching ratio of different dissociation channels. The results suggest that laser control of the photodissociation of pyrrole via mode-specific vibrational excitation should be possible. The calculations provide insight into the microscopic details of ultrafast internal-conversion processes in pyrrole via hydrogen-detachment processes, which are aborted at the (1)pi sigma(*)-S(0) conical intersections. These mechanisms are of relevance for the photostability of the building blocks of life (e.g., the DNA bases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Vallet
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching D-8574 7, Germany
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34
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Lan Z, Domcke W, Vallet V, Sobolewski AL, Mahapatra S. Time-dependent quantum wave-packet description of the π1σ* photochemistry of phenol. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:224315. [PMID: 15974676 DOI: 10.1063/1.1906218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced hydrogen elimination reaction in phenol via the conical intersections of the dissociative 1pi sigma* state with the 1pi pi* state and the electronic ground state has been investigated by time-dependent quantum wave-packet calculations. A model including three intersecting electronic potential-energy surfaces (S0, 1pi sigma*, and 1pi pi*) and two nuclear degrees of freedom (OH stretching and OH torsion) has been constructed on the basis of accurate ab initio multireference electronic-structure data. The electronic population transfer processes at the conical intersections, the branching ratio between the two dissociation channels, and their dependence on the initial vibrational levels have been investigated by photoexciting phenol from different vibrational levels of its ground electronic state. The nonadiabatic transitions between the excited states and the ground state occur on a time scale of a few tens of femtoseconds if the 1pi pi*-1pi sigma* conical intersection is directly accessible, which requires the excitation of at least one quantum of the OH stretching mode in the 1pi pi* state. It is shown that the node structure, which is imposed on the nuclear wave packet by the initial preparation as well as by the transition through the first conical intersection (1pi pi*-1pi sigma*), has a profound effect on the nonadiabatic dynamics at the second conical intersection (1pi sigma*-S0). These findings suggest that laser control of the photodissociation of phenol via IR mode-specific excitation of vibrational levels in the electronic ground state should be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggang Lan
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching D-85747, Germany.
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35
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Barbatti M, Ruckenbauer M, Lischka H. The photodynamics of ethylene: A surface-hopping study on structural aspects. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:174307. [PMID: 15910032 DOI: 10.1063/1.1888573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simulations of the photodynamics of ethylene were carried out by employing the semiempirical direct trajectory with surface hopping method in order to assess quantitatively the importance of different regions of the S(2)S(1) and S(1)S(0) crossing seams. The results show that during the first 50 fs after a vertical photoexcitation to the pipi(*) state, the nonadiabatic coupling between the S(1) and the S(2) states produces a recurrence pattern of oscillation of the populations in these states. Within the first 100 fs, the S(1) state population spans a limited region of the configuration space between the initial geometries and the twisted-pyramidalized minimum on the crossing seam (MXS). Depending on the way of counting, about 50% of the S(1)-->S(0) transitions occur in the pyramidalized region of the crossing seam, but not necessarily close to the MXS. The remaining 50% occurs in the H-migration and ethylidene regions. Our analysis shows that the ethylidene region becomes more important in later stages of the dynamics when the flux of trajectories that was not effectively converted to the ground state in the pyramidalized region starts to reach this part of the configuration space. The excited-state nonadiabatic dynamics could be employed to generate suitable initial phase space distributions for the hot-ethylene ground-state kinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barbatti
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria.
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36
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Jasper AW, Truhlar DG. Conical intersections and semiclassical trajectories: Comparison to accurate quantum dynamics and analyses of the trajectories. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:44101. [PMID: 15740229 DOI: 10.1063/1.1829031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Semiclassical trajectory methods are tested for electronically nonadiabatic systems with conical intersections. Five triatomic model systems are presented, and each system features two electronic states that intersect via a seam of conical intersections (CIs). Fully converged, full-dimensional quantum mechanical scattering calculations are carried out for all five systems at energies that allow for electronic de-excitation via the seam of CIs. Several semiclassical trajectory methods are tested against the accurate quantum mechanical results. For four of the five model systems, the diabatic representation is the preferred (most accurate) representation for semiclassical trajectories, as correctly predicted by the Calaveras County criterion. Four surface hopping methods are tested and have overall relative errors of 40%-60%. The semiclassical Ehrenfest method has an overall error of 66%, and the self-consistent decay of mixing (SCDM) and coherent switches with decay of mixing (CSDM) methods are the most accurate methods overall with relative errors of approximately 32%. Furthermore, the CSDM method is less representation dependent than both the SCDM and the surface hopping methods, making it the preferred semiclassical trajectory method. Finally, the behavior of semiclassical trajectories near conical intersections is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahren W Jasper
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
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37
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Computation of Reaction Mechanisms and Dynamics in Photobiology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1380-7323(05)80024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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38
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Choi H, Baeck KK, Martinez TJ. Ab initio equation-of-motion coupled-cluster molecular dynamics with ‘on-the-fly’ diabatization: the doublet-like feature in the photoabsorption spectrum of ethylene. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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39
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Hazra A, Chang HH, Nooijen M. First principles simulation of the UV absorption spectrum of ethylene using the vertical Franck-Condon approach. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:2125-36. [PMID: 15260766 DOI: 10.1063/1.1768173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method which we refer to as vertical Franck-Condon is proposed to calculate electronic absorption spectra of polyatomic molecules. In accord with the short-time picture of spectroscopy, the excited-state potential energy surface is expanded at the ground-state equilibrium geometry and the focus of the approach is more on the overall shape of the spectrum and the positions of the band maxima, rather than the precise position of the 0-0 lines. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation and the separability of the excited-state potential energy surface along the excited-state normal mode coordinates are assumed. However, the potential surface is not necessarily approximated as harmonic oscillator potentials along the individual normal modes. Instead, depending upon the nature of the potential surface along a particular normal mode, it is treated either in the harmonic approximation or the full one-dimensional potential is considered along this mode. The vertical Franck-Condon approach is applicable therefore even in cases where the excited state potential energy surface is highly anharmonic and the conventional harmonic Franck-Condon approach is inadequate. As an application of the method, the ultraviolet spectrum of ethylene between 6.2 eV (50,000 cm(-1)) and 8.7 eV (70,000 cm(-1)) is simulated, using the Similarity Transformed Equation of Motion Coupled-Cluster method to describe the required features of the potential energy surfaces. The spectrum is shown to be a result of sharp doublet structures stemming from the pi --> 3s (Rydberg) state superimposed on top of a broad band resulting from the pi --> pi* (valence) state. For the Rydberg state, the symmetric C=C stretch and the torsion mode contribute to the spectrum, while the broad valence band results from excitation into the C=C stretch, CH2 scissors, and the torsion mode. For both states, the potential along the torsion mode is highly anharmonic and the full treatment of the potential along this mode in the vertical Franck-Condon method is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, New Jersey 08544, USA
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40
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Viel A, Krawczyk RP, Manthe U, Domcke W. Photoinduced dynamics of ethene in the N, V, and Z valence states: A six-dimensional nonadiabatic quantum dynamics investigation. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:11000-10. [PMID: 15268130 DOI: 10.1063/1.1740696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced dynamics of ethene following pi-->pi(*) excitation is investigated by quantum wave-packet dynamics on three coupled six-dimensional diabatic potential-energy surfaces representing the N, V, and Z valence states, which have been developed previously. The C-C stretching and torsion, as well as the pyramidalization and scissoring of both CH(2) groups are included in this description. The wave-packet calculations have been performed using the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for a time period up to 100 fs. While a small amount of population transfer to the electronic ground state is found within this period, the overall population decay time of the V state is found to exceed the 100 fs range significantly. The autocorrelation function of the wave packet and the stationary absorption spectrum of the V state also have been calculated. It is found that both the torsional mode as well as the C-C stretching mode contribute to the very extended vibrational structure of the absorption spectrum, and that both modes are strongly coupled. At least on the present ab initio surface of limited dimensionality, the speed of pyramidalization of 90 degrees twisted ethene appears as the bottleneck for the ultrafast radiationless decay of the V state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Viel
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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Toniolo A, Olsen S, Manohar L, Martínez TJ. Conical intersection dynamics in solution: The chromophore of Green Fluorescent Protein. Faraday Discuss 2004; 127:149-63. [PMID: 15471344 DOI: 10.1039/b401167h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We use ab initio results to reparameterize a multi-reference semiempirical method to reproduce the ground and excited state potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the chromophore of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). The validity of the new parameter set is tested, and the new method is combined with a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) treatment so that it can be applied in the solution phase. Solvent effects on the energetics of the relevant conical intersections are explored. We then combine this representation of the ground and excited state PESs with the full multiple spawning (FMS) nonadiabatic wavepacket dynamics method to simulate the photodynamics of the neutral GFP chromophore in both gas and solution phases. In these calculations, the PESs and their nonadiabatic couplings are evaluated simultaneously with the nuclear dynamics, ie. "on-the-fly". The effect of solvation is seen to be quite dramatic, resulting in an order of magnitude decrease in the excited state lifetime. We observe a correlated torsion about a double bond and its adjacent single bond in both gas and solution phases. This is discussed in the context of previous proposals about minimal volume isomerization mechanisms in protein environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Toniolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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