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Jin J, Grellmann M, Asmis KR. Nuclear quantum dynamics on the ground electronic state of neutral silver dimer 107Ag 109Ag probed by femtosecond NeNePo spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24313-24320. [PMID: 37664952 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02055j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear quantum dynamics on the ground electronic state of the neutral silver dimer 107Ag109Ag are studied by femtosecond (fs) pump-probe spectroscopy using the 'negative ion - to neutral - to positive ion' (NeNePo) excitation scheme. A vibrational wave packet is prepared on the X1Σ+g state of Ag2via photodetachment of mass-selected, cryogenically cooled Ag2- using a first ultrafast pump laser pulse. The temporal evolution of the wave packet is then probed by an ultrafast probe pulse via resonant multiphoton ionization to Ag2+. Frequency analysis of the fs-NeNePo spectra obtained for a single isotopologue and pump-probe delay times up to 60 ps yields the harmonic (ωe = 192.2 cm-1), quadratic anharmonic (ωexe = 0.637 cm-1) and cubic anharmonic (ωeye = 3 × 10-4 cm-1) constants for the X1Σ+g state of neutral Ag2. The fs-NeNePo spectra obtained at different pump wavelengths provide insight into the excitation mechanism. At a pump wavelength of 510 nm instead of 1010 nm, resonant excitation of a short-lived electronically excited state of the anion followed by autodetachment results in population of higher-energy vibrational levels of the neutral ground state. In contrast, at 1140 nm dynamics with a slightly shorter beating period and different relative phase are observed. The present study demonstrates that isotopologue-specific fs-NeNePo spectroscopy provides accurate vibrational constants of mass-selected neutral clusters in their electronic ground state in the terahertz spectral region, which remains difficult to obtain directly in the frequency domain with any other type of spectroscopy of comparable sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Jin
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretisch Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Max Grellmann
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretisch Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Knut R Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretisch Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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2
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Heid M, Chen T, Pausch R, Schwoerer H, Kiefer W. Ultrafast Coherent Control in the Electronic Ground State of a Molecule. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Wang D, Larson Å, Karlsson HO, Hansson T. Molecular quantum wavepacket revivals in coupled electronic states. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Weise F, Weber SM, Plewicki M, Lindinger A. Application of phase, amplitude, and polarization shaped pulses for optimal control on molecules. Chem Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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Gühr M, Bargheer M, Fushitani M, Kiljunen T, Schwentner N. Ultrafast dynamics of halogens in rare gas solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:779-801. [PMID: 17287873 DOI: 10.1039/b609058n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We perform time resolved pump-probe spectroscopy on small halogen molecules ClF, Cl2, Br2, and I2 embedded in rare gas solids (RGS). We find that dissociation, angular depolarization, and the decoherence of the molecule is strongly influenced by the cage structure. The well ordered crystalline environment facilitates the modelling of the experimental angular distribution of the molecular axis after the collision with the rare gas cage. The observation of many subsequent vibrational wave packet oscillations allows the construction of anharmonic potentials and indicate a long vibrational coherence time. We control the vibrational wave packet revivals, thereby gaining information about the vibrational decoherence. The coherence times are remarkable larger when compared to the liquid or high pressure gas phase. This fact is attributed to the highly symmetric molecular environment of the RGS. The decoherence and energy relaxation data agree well with a perturbative model for moderate vibrational excitation and follow a classical model in the strong excitation limit. Furthermore, a wave packet interferometry scheme is applied to deduce electronic coherence times. The positions of those cage atoms, excited by the molecular electronic transitions are modulated by long living coherent phonons of the RGS, which we can probe via the molecular charge transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gühr
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Katsuki H, Chiba H, Girard B, Meier C, Ohmori K. Visualizing Picometric Quantum Ripples of Ultrafast Wave-Packet Interference. Science 2006; 311:1589-92. [PMID: 16543456 DOI: 10.1126/science.1121240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Interference fringes in vibrating molecules are a signature of quantum mechanics, but are often so short-lived and closely spaced that they elude visualization. We have experimentally visualized dynamical quantum interferences, which appear and disappear in less than 100 femtoseconds in the iodine molecule synchronously with the periodic crossing of two counterpropagating nuclear wave packets. The obtained images have picometer and femtosecond spatiotemporal resolution, representing a detailed picture of the quantum interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Katsuki
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Vetter F, Plewicki M, Lindinger A, Merli A, Weber SM, Wöste L. Optimized isotope-selective ionization of 23Na39K and 23Na41K by applying evolutionary strategies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:1151-6. [PMID: 19791326 DOI: 10.1039/b418912b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study specific properties of different isotopes by applying optimal control. Selective optimization for 23Na39K and 23Na41K isotopes is reported at two different central wavelengths by employing evolutionary strategies on shaped femtosecond laser pulses. The optimized ionization processes exhibit high enhancements of one isotope compared to the other and reversed. We analyze the pulse spectra for extracting information about the optimally chosen ionization paths and observe vibrational transitions to differing electronic states for the different isotope selections. To get a deeper insight we compare simultaneous phase and amplitude modulation with pure amplitude modulation and as well pure phase modulation. Our approach reveals how the optimization algorithm precisely addresses the vibrational wave functions by coherent interaction with the corresponding pulse components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Vetter
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Lindinger A, Lupulescu C, Vetter F, Plewicki M, Weber SM, Merli A, Wöste L. Learning from the acquired optimized pulse shapes about the isotope selective ionization of potassium dimers. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:024312. [PMID: 15638591 DOI: 10.1063/1.1835267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective optimization of the 39,39K2 and 39,41K2 isotopomers in a three-photon ionization process is presented by applying evolution strategies on shaped fs pulses in a feedback loop. The optimizations at different center wavelengths show considerably large enhancements of one isotope compared to the other and reversed. We compare the acquired optimized pulse shapes for combined phase and amplitude with pure amplitude modulation. Particularly from their spectra we are able to extract information about the optimally chosen differing ionization paths via the involved vibrational states. Furthermore, a comparison of the temporal shape of the optimized pulse forms for combined phase and amplitude with pure phase optimization is given. The presented pulse form analysis demonstrates the potential of restricted optimization to gain insight into the underlying dynamical processes. Our approach reveals how the optimization algorithm precisely addresses the vibrational wave functions both spectrally and temporally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albrecht Lindinger
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Bonacić-Koutecký V, Mitrić R. Theoretical Exploration of Ultrafast Dynamics in Atomic Clusters: Analysis and Control. Chem Rev 2004; 105:11-66. [PMID: 15720151 DOI: 10.1021/cr0206925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vlasta Bonacić-Koutecký
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Lindinger A, Vetter F, Lupulescu C, Plewicki M, Weber SM, Merli A, Wöste L. Selective ionization via different electronic pathways by optimal control demonstrated for 23Na39K/23Na41K. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Lindinger A, Lupulescu C, Plewicki M, Vetter F, Merli A, Weber SM, Wöste L. Isotope selective ionization by optimal control using shaped femtosecond laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:033001. [PMID: 15323818 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.033001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on selective optimization of different isotopes in an ionization process by means of spectrally broad shaped fs-laser pulses. This is demonstrated for (39,39)K2 and (39,41)K2 by applying evolution strategies in a feedback loop, whereby a surprisingly high enhancement of one isotope versus the other and vice versa is achieved (total factor approximately 140). Information about the dynamics on the involved vibrational states is extracted from the optimal pulse shapes, which provides a new spectroscopical approach of yielding distinct frequency pattern on fs-time scales. The method should, in principle, be feasible for all molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albrecht Lindinger
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Dermota
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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14
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Lupulescu C, Lindinger A, Plewicki M, Merli A, Weber S, Wöste L. Frequency dependent optimization of the ionization process in NaK by means of fs-pulses. Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2003.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Bartelt A, Lindinger A, Lupulescu C, Vajda Š, Wöste L. Optimal control of multi-photon dissociation and ionization processes in small NamKnclusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b317107h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Bartelt A, Lindinger A, Lupulescu C, Vajda Š, Wöste L. One parameter fs-pulse form control on NaK and Na2K. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b304567f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Stavros VG, Fielding HH. Calculations of the dynamics of phase-locked vibrational wave packets in Na2+: Young’s double slit experiment in a molecule. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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18
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Magnier S, Aubert-Frécon M, Millié P. Potential Energies, Permanent and Transition Dipole Moments for Numerous Electronic Excited States of NaK. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2000; 200:96-103. [PMID: 10662580 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1999.8023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental works have been devoted to the spectroscopy of highly excited states of NaK, confirming the accuracy of our previous calculations [S. Magnier and Ph. Millié, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys. 54, 204 (1996)] of spectroscopic constants and potential curves. Among them, [E. Laub, I. Mazsa, S. C. Webb, J. La Civita, I. Prodan, Z. J. Zabbour, R. K. Namiotka, and J. Huennekens, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 193, 376 (1999)] have deduced from their measurements the variation of the transition dipole moment with the interatomic distance for the transition X(1)Sigma+ --> (3)(1)Pi. They have shown that a large discrepancy was observed with the previous ab initio calculations currently used as a guide for spectroscopic experiments. Upon request of several experimentalists, we have computed again potential curves for electronic states correlated up to Na(4p) + K(4s) as well as relevant permanent and transition dipole moments. We present extensive predictions for the electronic structure of NaK (potential energies, dipole moments) for which numerical data have been listed in a data base available as supplementary data. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Magnier
- Laboratoire de Physique Moléculaire et des Collisions, Institut de Physique, Technopôle 2000, 1 Bd Arago, Metz Cedex 3, F-57078, France
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Andrianov I, Bonačić-Koutecký V, Hartmann M, Manz J, Pittner J, Sundermann K. Ab initio three-dimensional quantum dynamics of Ag3 clusters in the NeNePo process. Chem Phys Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(00)00027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Nicole C, Bouchène MA, Meier C, Magnier S, Schreiber E, Girard B. Competition of different ionization pathways in K2 studied by ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy: A comparison between theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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21
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A classical phase r-centroid approach to molecular wave packet dynamics – illustrating the danger of using an incomplete set of initial states for thermal averaging. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(99)00709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Pausch R, Heid M, Chen T, Kiefer W, Schwoerer H. Selective generation and control of excited vibrational wave packets in the electronic ground state of K2. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Chen T, Engel V, Heid M, Kiefer W, Knopp G, Materny A, Meyer S, Pausch R, Schmitt M, Schwoerer H, Siebert T. Determination of wave packet dynamics by femtosecond time-resolved pump-dump-probe and four-wave mixing techniques. J Mol Struct 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(98)00651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Andersson L, Karlsson HO, Goscinski O, Berg LE, Beutter M, Hansson T. Vibrational wave packet dynamics in NaK: The A state. Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(98)00404-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Davidsson J, Hansson T, Mukhtar E. Ultrafast multiphoton ionization dynamics and control of NaK molecules. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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26
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Vajda Š, Rutz S, Heufelder J, Rosendo P, Ruppe H, Wetzel P, Wöste L. Observation of Predissociated Excited States in Mixed Alkali Trimer Clusters Na2K and K2Na: Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Bound−Free Transitions. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9802984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Štefan Vajda
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Soeren Rutz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Heufelder
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Porfirio Rosendo
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Ruppe
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Wetzel
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludger Wöste
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Blanchet V, Bouchène MA, Girard B. Temporal coherent control in the photoionization of Cs2: Theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Schwoerer H, Pausch R, Heid M, Kiefer W. Femtosecond vibrational wavepacket spectroscopy in the electronic ground state of K2. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Schwoerer H, Pausch R, Heid M, Engel V, Kiefer W. Femtosecond time-resolved two-photon ionization spectroscopy of K2. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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