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Vlahović F, Perić M, Gruden-Pavlović M, Zlatar M. Assessment of TD-DFT and LF-DFT for study of d − d transitions in first row transition metal hexaaqua complexes. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:214111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Vlahović
- Innovation center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Marko Perić
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Maja Gruden-Pavlović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Matija Zlatar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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Emerson AJ, Edwards AJ, Batten SR, Turner DR. A neutron diffraction study of hydrogen bonding in isostructural potassium and ammonium lanthanoidates. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Frost RL, Xi Y, Scholz R, López A, Granja A. Infrared and Raman spectroscopic characterisation of the sulphate mineral creedite--Ca3Al2SO4(F,OH)·2H2O--and in comparison with the alums. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 109:201-205. [PMID: 23524387 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The mineral creedite is a fluorinated hydroxy hydrated sulphate of aluminium and calcium of formula Ca3Al2SO4(F,OH)·2H2O. The mineral has been studied by a combination of electron probe analysis to determine the molecular formula of the mineral and the structure assessed by vibrational spectroscopy. The spectroscopy of creedite may be compared with that of the alums. The Raman spectrum of creedite is characterised by an intense sharp band at 986 cm(-1) assigned to the SO4(2)- ν1 (Ag) symmetric stretching mode. Multiple bands of creedite in the antisymmetric stretching region support the concept of a reduction in symmetry of the sulphate anion. Multiple bands are also observed in the bending region with the three bands at 601, 629 and 663 cm(-1) assigned to the SO4(2)- ν4 (Ag) bending modes. The observation of multiple bands at 440, 457 and 483 cm(-1) attributed to the SO4(2)- ν2 (Bg) bending modes supports the concept that the symmetry of the sulphate is reduced by coordination to the water bonded to the Al(3+) in the creedite structure. The splitting of the ν2, ν3 and ν4 modes is attributed to the reduction of symmetry of the SO4 and it is proposed that the sulphate coordinates to water in the hydrated aluminium in bidentate chelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray L Frost
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.
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Lakshmi Reddy S, Siva Reddy G, Wain DL, Martens WN, Jagannatha Reddy B, Frost RL. Electron paramagnetic resonance, optical absorption and IR spectroscopic studies of the sulphate mineral apjohnite. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2006; 65:1227-33. [PMID: 16815088 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2006] [Accepted: 01/13/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Apjohnite, a naturally occurring Mn-bearing pseudo-alum from Terlano, Bolzano, Italy, has been characterized by EPR, optical, IR and Raman spectroscopy. The optical spectrum exhibits a number of electronic bands around 400 nm due to Mn(II) ion in apjohnite. From EPR studies, the parameters derived, g=2.0 and A=8.82 mT, confirm MnO(H(2)O)(5) distorted octahedra. The presence of iron impurity in the mineral is reflected by a broad band centered around 8400 cm(-1) in the NIR spectrum. A complex band profile appears strongly both in IR and Raman spectra with four component bands around 1100 cm(-1) due to the reduction of symmetry for sulphate ion in the mineral. A strong pair of IR bands at 1681 and 1619 cm(-1) with variable intensity is a proof for the presence of water in two states in the structure of apjohnite.
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Bühl M, Grigoleit S, Kabrede H, Mauschick FT. Simulation of59Co NMR Chemical Shifts in Aqueous Solution. Chemistry 2006; 12:477-88. [PMID: 16196064 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
59Co chemical shifts were computed at the GIAO-B3LYP level for [Co(CN)6]3-, [Co(H2O)6]3+, [Co(NH3)6]3+, and [Co(CO)4]- in water. The aqueous solutions were modeled by Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations, or by propagation on a hybrid quantum-mechanical/molecular-mechanical Born-Oppenheimer surface (QM/MM-BOMD). Mean absolute deviations from experiment obtained with these methods are on the order of 400 and 600 ppm, respectively, over a total delta(59Co) range of about 18,000 ppm. The effect of the solvent on delta(59Co) is mostly indirect, resulting primarily from substantial metal-ligand bond contractions on going from the gas phase to the bulk. The simulated solvent effects on geometries and delta(59Co) values are well reproduced by using a polarizable continuum model (PCM), based on optimization and perturbational evaluation of quantum-mechanical zero-point corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bühl
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.
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Hancock RD, Bartolotti LJ. Density Functional Theory-Based Prediction of the Formation Constants of Complexes of Ammonia in Aqueous Solution: Indications of the Role of Relativistic Effects in the Solution Chemistry of Gold(I). Inorg Chem 2005; 44:7175-83. [PMID: 16180881 DOI: 10.1021/ic050471s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A prediction of the formation constants (log K1) for complexes of metal ions with a single NH3 ligand in aqueous solution, using quantum mechanical calculations, is reported. DeltaG values at 298 K in the gas phase for eq 1 (DeltaG(DFT)) were calculated for 34 metal ions using density functional theory (DFT), with the expectation that these would correlate with the free energy of complex formation in aqueous solution (DeltaG(aq)). [M(H2O)6]n+(g) + NH(3)(g) = [M(H2O)5NH3]n+(g) + H2O(g) (eq 1). The DeltaG(aq) values include the effects of complex changes in solvation on complex formation, which are not included in eq 1. It was anticipated that such changes in solvation would be constant or vary systematically with changes in the log K(1) value for different metal ions; therefore, simple correlations between DeltaG(DFT) and DeltaG(aq) were sought. The bulk of the log K1(NH3) values used to calculate DeltaG(aq) were not experimental, but estimated previously (Hancock 1978, 1980) from a variety of empirical correlations. Separate linear correlations between DeltaG(DFT) and DeltaG(aq) for metal ions of different charges (M2+, M3+, and M4+) were found. In plots of DeltaG(DFT) versus DeltaG(aq), the slopes ranged from 2.201 for M2+ ions down to 1.076 for M4+ ions, with intercepts increasing from M2+ to M4+ ions. Two separate correlations occurred for the M3+ ions, which appeared to correspond to small metal ions with a coordination number (CN) of 6 and to large metal ions with a higher CN in the vicinity of 7-9. The good correlation coefficients (R) in the range of 0.97-0.99 for all these separate correlations suggest that the approach used here may be the basis for future predictions of aqueous phase chemistry that would otherwise be experimentally inaccessible. Thus, the log K1(NH3) value for the transuranic Lr3+, which has a half-life of 3.6 h in its most stable isotope, is predicted to be 1.46. These calculations should also lead to a greater insight into the factors governing complex formation in aqueous solution. All of the above DFT calculations involved corrections for scalar relativistic effects (RE). Au has been described (Koltsoyannis 1997) as a "relativistic element". The chief effect of RE for group 11 ions is to favor linear coordination geometry and greatly increase covalence in the M-L bond. The correlation for M+ ions (H+, Cu+, Ag+, Au+) involved the preferred linear coordination of the [M(H2O)2]+ complexes, so that the DFT calculations of DeltaG for the gas-phase reaction in eq 2 were carried out for M = H+, Cu+, Ag+, and Au+. [M(H2O)2]+(g) + NH3(g) = [M(H2O)NH3]+(g) + H2O(g) (eq 2). Additional DFT calculations for eq 2 were carried out omitting corrections for RE. These indicated, in the absence of RE, virtually no change in the log K1(NH3) value for H+, a small decrease for Cu+, and a larger decrease for Ag+. There would, however, be a very large decrease in the log K1(NH3) value for Au(I) from 9.8 (RE included) to 1.6 (RE omitted). These results suggest that much of "soft" acid behavior in aqueous solution in the hard and soft acid-base classification of Pearson may be the result of RE in the elements close to Au in the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Hancock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 28403, USA.
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Turner DR, Henry M, Wilkinson C, McIntyre GJ, Mason SA, Goeta AE, Steed JW. Cooperative Hydrogen-Bonding Effects in a Water Square: A Single-Crystal Neutron and Partial Atomic Charges and Hardness Analysis Study. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:11063-74. [PMID: 16076214 DOI: 10.1021/ja052081a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four isomorphous complexes of formula [M(L)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]SO(4).2H(2)O (M = Co, 1a; Ni, 1b; Cu, 1c; Zn, 1d) have been isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction using the quasi-Laue diffractometer VIVALDI at the Institut Laue-Langevin as well as by thermogravimetric analysis. The structures contain a discrete, strongly hydrogen-bonded water tetramer which causes a significant distortion of the metal coordination sphere in each case. Partial atomic charges and hardness analysis (PACHA) calculations reveal that the shortest hydrogen bonds are not the strongest in this constrained, cyclic solid-state structure and show that the distortion at the metal center is caused by the drive to maintain the integrity of the water tetramer. The system undergoes a disorder-order transition on slow cooling that provides insight into the nature of communication between water squares.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
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Mink J, Skripkin MY, Hajba L, Németh C, Abbasi A, Sandström M. Infrared and Raman spectroscopic and theoretical studies of nonaaqua complexes of trivalent rare earth metal ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 61:1639-1645. [PMID: 15820897 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2004] [Revised: 11/19/2004] [Accepted: 11/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Infrared (IR), far-infrared (far-IR) and Raman spectra have been recorded of the hydrated lanthanide(III) trifluoromethanesulfonates, [Ln(OH2)9](CF3SO3)3, (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu), and also for the deuterated [La(OD2)9](CF3SO3)3 compound. This has enabled complete assignments of all seven metal-oxygen stretching modes for the first time. Force constant calculations have been performed for an LnO9(3+) moiety, with a tricapped trigonal prismatic oxygen atom arrangement in D3h point group symmetry. The lanthanide contraction in reflected in continuously increasing trends for the averaged LnO stretching frequencies and force constants with increasing inverse of ionic radii. The stretching force constants increased from 0.81 to 1.16 Ncm-1 for the LnO6 prism in the series from La to Lu, while those for the capping LnO3 bonds increased from 0.49 to 0.65 Ncm-1. The LnO stretching force constants showed a smooth correlation with the LnO bond distances to the prism oxygen atoms, while the correlation to the LnO capping oxygen atoms has a different shape, reflecting the increased ligand-ligand repulsion with decreasing lanthanide ion size.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Mink
- Structural Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chemical Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pusztaszeri út 59-67, H-1025 Budapest, Hungary.
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Grigoleit S, Bühl M. Computational59Co NMR Spectroscopy: Beyond Static Molecules†. J Chem Theory Comput 2005; 1:181-93. [DOI: 10.1021/ct049920o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chan EJ, Cox BG, Harrowfield JM, Ogden MI, Skelton BW, White AH. Cation solvation in the solid state – temperature-dependent crystal structures in some metal perchlorates solvated by dimethylsulfoxide. Inorganica Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2003.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rudolph WW, Fischer D, Tomney MR, Pye CC. Indium(iii) hydration in aqueous solutions of perchlorate, nitrate and sulfate. Raman and infrared spectroscopic studies and ab-initio molecular orbital calculations of indium(iii)–water clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b407419j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Infrared and Raman spectroscopic and theoretical studies of hexaaqua metal ions in aqueous solution. J Mol Struct 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2003.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Benmelouka M, Messaoudi S, Furet E, Gautier R, Le Fur E, Pivan JY. Density Functional Investigation of Hydrated V(II) and V(III) Ions: Influence of the Second Coordination Sphere; Water Exchange Mechanism. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026697n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Benmelouka
- Département de Physicochimie, UPRES 1795, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Institut de Chimie, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Sabri Messaoudi
- Département de Physicochimie, UPRES 1795, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Institut de Chimie, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Eric Furet
- Département de Physicochimie, UPRES 1795, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Institut de Chimie, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Régis Gautier
- Département de Physicochimie, UPRES 1795, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Institut de Chimie, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Eric Le Fur
- Département de Physicochimie, UPRES 1795, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Institut de Chimie, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Yves Pivan
- Département de Physicochimie, UPRES 1795, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Institut de Chimie, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35700 Rennes, France
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Kallies B, Meier R. Electronic structure of 3d[M(H2O)6](3+) ions from Sc(III) to Fe(III): a quantum mechanical study based on DFT computations and natural bond orbital analyses. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:3101-12. [PMID: 11399179 DOI: 10.1021/ic001258t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The metal-donor atom bonding along the series of 3d[M(H2O)6](3+) ions from Sc(3+) to Fe(3+) has been investigated by density-functional calculations combined with natural localized bond orbital analyses. The M-OH(2) bonds were considered as donor-acceptor bonds, and the contributions coming from the metal ion's 3d sigma-, 3d pi-, and 4s sigma-interactions were treated individually. In this way, the total amount of charge transferred from the water oxygen-donor atoms toward the appropriate metal orbitals could be analyzed in a straightforward manner. One result obtained along these lines is that the overall extent of ligand-to-metal charge transfer shows a strong correlation to the hydration enthalpies of the aqua metal ions. If the contributions to the total ligand-to-metal ion charge transfer are divided into sigma- and pi-contributions, it turns out that Cr(3+) is the best sigma-acceptor, but its pi-accepting abilities are the weakest along the series. Fe(3+) is found to be the best pi-acceptor among the 3d hexaaqua ions studied. Its aptitude to accept sigma-electron density is the second weakest along the series and only slightly higher than that of Sc(3+) (the least sigma-acceptor of all ions) because of the larger involvement of the Fe(3+) 4s orbital in sigma-bonding. The strengths of the three types of bonding interactions have been correlated with the electron affinities of the different metal orbitals. Deviations from the regular trends of electron affinities along the series were found for those [M(H2O)6](3+) ions that are subject to Jahn-Teller distortions. In these cases (d(1) = [Ti(H2O)6](3+), d(2) = [V(H2O)6](3+), and d(4) = [Mn(H2O)6](3+)), ligand-to-metal charge transfer is prevented to go into those metal orbitals that contain unpaired d electrons. A lowering of the complex symmetry is observed and coupled with the following variations: The Ti(3+)- and V(3+)-hexaaqua ions switch from T(h)() to C(i)() symmetry while the Mn(3+)-hexaaqua ion moves to D(2)(h)() symmetry. The loss of orbital overlap leading to a diminished ligand-to-metal charge transfer toward the single occupied metal orbitals is compensated by amplified bonding interactions of the ligand orbitals with the unoccupied metal orbitals to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kallies
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany
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Lindqvist-Reis P, Muñoz-Páez A, Díaz-Moreno S, Pattanaik S, Persson I, Sandström M. The Structure of the Hydrated Gallium(III), Indium(III), and Chromium(III) Ions in Aqueous Solution. A Large Angle X-ray Scattering and EXAFS Study. Inorg Chem 1998; 37:6675-6683. [PMID: 11670798 DOI: 10.1021/ic980750y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the hydrated gallium(III), indium(III), and chromium(III) ions has been determined in aqueous perchlorate and nitrate solutions by means of the large-angle X-ray scattering (LAXS) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) techniques. The EXAFS studies have been performed over a wide concentration range, 0.005-1.0 mol.dm(-)(3) (2.6 mol.dm(-)(3) for chromium(III)), while the LAXS studies are restricted to concentrated solutions, ca. 1.5 mol.dm(-)(3). All three metal ions were found to coordinate six water molecules, each of which are hydrogen bonded to two water molecules in a second hydration sphere. The metal-oxygen bond distance in the first hydration sphere of the gallium(III), indium(III), and chromium(III) ions was determined by LAXS and EXAFS methods to be 1.959(6), 2.131(7), and 1.966(8) Å. The LAXS data gave mean second sphere M.O distances of 4.05(1), 4.13(1), and 4.08(2) Å for the gallium(III), indium(III), and chromium(III) ions, respectively. The perchlorate ion was found to be hydrogen bonded to 4.5(7) water molecules with the O.O distance 3.05(2) Å and Cl.O 3.68(3) Å. Analyses of the Ga, In, and Cr K-edge EXAFS data of the aqueous perchlorate and nitrate solutions showed no influence on the first shell M-O distance by a change of concentration or anion. The minor contribution from the second sphere M.O distance is obscured by multiple scattering within the tightly bonded first shell. EXAFS data for the alum salts CsM(SO(4))(2).12H(2)O, M = Ga or In, showed the M-O bond length of the hexahydrated gallium(III) and indium(III) ions to be 1.957(2) and 2.122(2) Å, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patric Lindqvist-Reis
- Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla CSIC, University of Sevilla, C/Americo Vespucio s/n, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain, and Department of Chemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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