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Xie Z, Sun L, Sajid M, Feng Y, Lv Z, Chen W. Rechargeable alkali metal-chlorine batteries: advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8424-8456. [PMID: 39007548 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00202d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of Li-SOCl2 batteries in the 1970s as a high-energy-density battery system sparked considerable interest among researchers. However, limitations in the primary cell characteristics have restricted their potential for widespread adoption in today's sustainable society. Encouragingly, recent developments in alkali/alkaline-earth metal-Cl2 (AM-Cl2) batteries have shown impressive reversibility with high specific capacity and cycle performance, revitalizing the potential of SOCl2 batteries and becoming a promising technology surpassing current lithium-ion batteries. In this review, the emerging AM-Cl2 batteries are comprehensively summarized for the first time. The development history and advantages of Li-SOCl2 batteries are traced, followed by the critical working mechanisms for achieving high rechargeability. The design concepts of electrodes and electrolytes for AM-Cl2 batteries as well as key characterization techniques are also demonstrated. Furthermore, the current challenges and corresponding strategies, as well as future directions regarding the battery are systematically discussed. This review aims to deepen the understanding of the state-of-the-art AM-Cl2 battery technology and accelerate the development of practical AM-Cl2 batteries for next-generation high-energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Lidong Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Yuancheng Feng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Zhenshan Lv
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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Ivanishchev A, Churikov A, Ushakov A. Lithium transport processes in electrodes on the basis of Li3V2(PO4)3 by constant current chronopotentiometry, cyclic voltammetry and pulse chronoamperometry. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Further to the “Reply to remarks on Discussion of three models used for the investigation of insertion/extraction processes by the potential step chronoamperometry technique [C. Montella, Electrochim. Acta 50 (2005) 3746] by H.-C. Shin, S.-I. Pyun, K.-N. Jung” [Electrochim. Acta 51 (2006) 2775]. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Reply to “Remarks on ‘Discussion of three models used for the investigation of insertion/extraction processes by the potential step chronoamperometry technique [C. Montella, Electrochim. Acta, 50 (2005) 3746]’ by H.-C. Shin, S.-I. Pyun, K.-N. Jung”. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shin HC, Pyun SI, Jung KN. Remarks on “Discussion of three models used for the investigation of insertion/extraction processes by the potential step chronoamperometry technique” [C. Montella, Electrochim. Acta 50 (2005) 3746–3763]. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Discussion of three models used for the investigation of insertion/extraction processes by the potential step chronoamperometry technique. Electrochim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lee JW, Pyun SI. Anomalous behaviour in diffusion impedance of intercalation electrodes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.3139/146.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Go JY, Pyun SI. A study on lithium transport through fractal Li 1−δ CoO 2 film electrode by analysis of current transient based upon fractal theory. Electrochim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Levi M, Wang C, Aurbach D. Two parallel diffusion paths model for interpretation of PITT and EIS responses from non-uniform intercalation electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2003.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lee SB, Pyun SI. Determination of the morphology of surface groups formed and PVDF-binder materials dispersed on graphite composite electrodes in terms of fractal geometry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(03)00331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lee SB, Pyun SI. Carbonaceous Materials as Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Secondary Batteries. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2003. [DOI: 10.5229/jkes.2003.6.3.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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