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Lee YJ, Kim M, Lee JY, Jung SH, Jeon HY, Lee SA, Kang S, Han ET, Park WS, Hong SH, Kim YM, Ha KS. The benzodiazepine anesthetic midazolam prevents hyperglycemia-induced microvascular leakage in the retinas of diabetic mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800014RR. [PMID: 29782207 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800014rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the beneficial effects of midazolam against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced vascular leakage and its molecular mechanism of action in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) and the retinas of diabetic mice. Midazolam inhibited VEGF-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and transglutaminase activation in HRECs; these effects were reversed by the GABA, type A (GABAA) receptor antagonist flumazenil but not by the translocator protein antagonist PK11195. Midazolam also prevented VEGF-induced disassembly of adherens junctions and in vitro permeability. Intravitreal injection of midazolam prevented hyperglycemia-induced ROS generation, transglutaminase activation, and subsequent vascular leakage in the retinas of diabetic mice, and those effects were reversed by flumazenil. The roles of flumazenil were further supported by identifying GABAA receptors in mouse retinas. Thus, midazolam prevents hyperglycemia-induced vascular leakage by inhibiting VEGF-induced intracellular events in the retinas of diabetic mice.-Lee, Y.-J., Kim, M., Lee, J.-Y., Jung, S.-H., Jeon, H.-Y., Lee, S.-A., Kang, S., Han, E.-T., Park, W. S., Hong, S.-H., Kim, Y.-M., Ha, K.-S. The benzodiazepine anesthetic midazolam prevents hyperglycemia-induced microvascular leakage in the retinas of diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ju Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jee-Yeon Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Se-Hui Jung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hye-Yoon Jeon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung Ah Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seongsik Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea; and
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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Colussi GL, Di Fabio A, Catena C, Chiuch A, Sechi LA. Involvement of endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms in midazolam-induced vasodilation. Hypertens Res 2011; 34:929-34. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2011.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Moriyama T, Tsuneyoshi I, Kanmura Y. Effects of a novel benzodiazepine derivative, JM-1232(-), on human gastroepiploic artery in vitro. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2011; 25:72-7. [PMID: 20599400 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of JM-1232(-) on norepinephrine (10(-6) mol/L)- and high K(+) (40 mmol/L)-induced contractions in isolated human gastroepiploic arteries (GEA), and to compare them with the effects of midazolam and propofol. In addition, to investigate whether the benzodiazepine-receptor antagonist, flumazenil, or μ-opioid-receptor antagonist, naloxone, influenced the vascular effects of JM-1232(-). DESIGN An in vitro experimental study. SETTING University laboratory. PARTICIPANTS GEA segments were used from 69 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS JM-1232(-) produced dose-dependent relaxation effects in the rings. Although these effects of JM-1232(-) were greater than those of midazolam and propofol at high concentrations (10(-5)-10(-4) mol/L), there were no significantly different relaxation effects at the clinical concentrations of 3 × 10(-6) mol/L JM-1232(-), 3 × 10(-6) mol/L midazolam, and 1 × 10(-5) mol/L propofol. In addition, all these effects were independent of the presence of a functional endothelium. Vasorelaxation induced by JM-1232(-) on norepinephrine-preconstricted GEA was inhibited by flumazenil, but not by naloxone. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that JM-1232(-) dose-dependently relaxes smooth muscle in human GEA, this effect being independent of the endothelium. Within the ranges of plasma concentrations achieved in clinical practice, JM-1232(-) had similar vasorelaxation effects to midazolam and propofol. JM-1232(-)-induced vasorelaxation was inhibited by flumazenil, indicating that JM-1232(-)-induced vasorelaxation occurred via peripheral benzodiazepine receptor activation in the GEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Moriyama
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Kagoshima, Japan.
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