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Chen L, Huang S, Wu X, He W, Song M. Serotonin signalling in cancer: Emerging mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1750. [PMID: 38943041 PMCID: PMC11213692 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a multifunctional bioamine serving as a neurotransmitter, peripheral hormone and mitogen in the vertebrate system. It has pleiotropic activities in central nervous system and gastrointestinal function via an orchestrated action of serotonergic elements, particularly serotonin receptor-mediated signalling cascades. The mitogenic properties of serotonin have garnered recognition for years and have been exploited for repurposing serotonergic-targeted drugs in cancer therapy. However, emerging conflicting findings necessitate a more comprehensive elucidation of serotonin's role in cancer pathogenesis. MAIN BODY AND CONCLUSION Here, we provide an overview of the biosynthesis, metabolism and action modes of serotonin. We summarise our current knowledge regarding the effects of the peripheral serotonergic system on tumourigenesis, with a specific emphasis on its immunomodulatory activities in human cancers. We also discuss the dual roles of serotonin in tumour pathogenesis and elucidate the potential of serotonergic drugs, some of which display favourable safety profiles and impressive efficacy in clinical trials, as a promising avenue in cancer treatment. KEY POINTS Primary synthesis and metabolic routes of peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine in the gastrointestinal tract. Advanced research has established a strong association between the serotonergic components and carcinogenic mechanisms. The interplay between serotonergic signalling and the immune system within the tumour microenvironment orchestrates antitumour immune responses. Serotonergic-targeted drugs offer valuable clinical options for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversitySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Institute of Precision MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversitySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuting Huang
- School of Public HealthSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoxue Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversitySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Weiling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversitySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryXiang'an Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Mei Song
- Institute of Precision MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversitySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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2
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Balakrishna P, George S, Hatoum H, Mukherjee S. Serotonin Pathway in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1268. [PMID: 33525332 PMCID: PMC7865972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a biogenic monoamine produced from the essential amino acid tryptophan. Serotonin's role as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and a motility mediator in the gastrointestinal tract has been well defined, and its function in tumorigenesis in various cancers (gliomas, carcinoids, and carcinomas) is being studied. Many studies have shown a potential stimulatory effect of serotonin on cancer cell proliferation, invasion, dissemination, and tumor angiogenesis. Although the underlying mechanism is complex, it is proposed that serotonin levels in the tumor and its interaction with specific receptor subtypes are associated with disease progression. This review article describes serotonin's role in cancer pathogenesis and the utility of the serotonin pathway as a potential therapeutic target in cancer treatment. Octreotide, an inhibitor of serotonin release, is used in well-differentiated neuroendocrine cancers, and the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) inhibitor, telotristat, is currently being investigated in clinical trials to treat patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors and advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Several in vitro studies have shown the anticancer effect of 5-HT receptor antagonists in various cancers such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, urinary bladder, colorectal cancer, carcinoid, and small-cell lung cancer. More in vivo studies are needed to assess serotonin's role in cancer and its potential use as an anticancer therapeutic target. Serotonin is also being evaluated for its immunoregulatory properties, and studies have shown its potential anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, it would be of interest to explore the combination of serotonin antagonists with immunotherapy in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/pathology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cholangiocarcinoma/blood supply
- Cholangiocarcinoma/drug therapy
- Cholangiocarcinoma/metabolism
- Cholangiocarcinoma/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Octreotide/therapeutic use
- Phenylalanine/analogs & derivatives
- Phenylalanine/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Receptors, Serotonin/genetics
- Receptors, Serotonin/metabolism
- Serotonin/metabolism
- Serotonin Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Tryptophan Hydroxylase/genetics
- Tryptophan Hydroxylase/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragathi Balakrishna
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (P.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Sagila George
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (P.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Hassan Hatoum
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (P.B.); (S.G.)
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3
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Jiang Y, Wang W, Wu X, Shi J. Pizotifen inhibits the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:817-824. [PMID: 32010241 PMCID: PMC6966152 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy and the third highest cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Therefore, research on the pathogenesis of gastric cancer is of utmost importance. It has been reported that aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. In the present study, it was found that pizotifen could inhibit the viability of gastric cancer cell lines MNK45 and AGS cells in a dose-dependent manner. Pizotifen treatment suppressed cell migration and invasion in MNK45 and AGS cells, whilst also inducing apoptosis. Western blot analysis demonstrated that pizotifen blocked the expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin and N-cadherin, whilst increasing E-cadherin expression. In addition, BML-284, a pharmacological Wnt signaling activator, partially reversed the changes in the expression levels of β-catenin, N-cadherin and E-cadherin in MNK45 and AGS cells induced by pizotifen. Collectively, these findings suggested that pizotifen demonstrates potential as a novel anti-cancer drug for the treatment of gastric cancer by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jihua Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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4
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Razavi SA, Rahimi B, Gholipour N, Ahangari F, Ahangari G. Serotonin (5HTR2A and 5HTR3A) and GABA (GABAB) Receptor Genes Overexpression are Correlated with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394714666180626155751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer mortality in both men
and women. Up to 80% of lung cancers are Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). With regards to
the role of serotonin, as an autocrine growth factor for small-cell lung cancer cells and gammaaminobutyric
acid (GABA) and its receptors as a regulator in many types of cancers; the current
study was conducted to investigate the expression of serotonin and GABA gene receptors in lung
cancer patients.
Methods:
Relative gene expression of two 5-hydroxytryptamine subtypes (5HTR2A and 5-HTR3A)
and GABAB receptor was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood
mononuclear cell (PBMC) from 30 NSCLC patients visited in Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran
and 30 healthy controls.
Results:
Our results demonstrated that the expression of 5HTR3A, 5HTR2A and GABAB R genes
was significantly higher in patients compared to the healthy individuals.
Conclusion:
According to our findings, 5-HT and GABA may be involved in the regulation of
tumorigenesis via their receptors, thus playing an important role in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed A. Razavi
- Neuroimmunopsychooncogenetic Group, Medical Genetic Department, Faculty of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Besharat Rahimi
- Advanced Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Gholipour
- Neuroimmunopsychooncogenetic Group, Medical Genetic Department, Faculty of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahangari
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ahangari
- Neuroimmunopsychooncogenetic Group, Medical Genetic Department, Faculty of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Banskota S, Ghia JE, Khan WI. Serotonin in the gut: Blessing or a curse. Biochimie 2018; 161:56-64. [PMID: 29909048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) once most extensively studied as a neurotransmitter of the central nervous system, is seen to be predominantly secreted in the gut. About 95% of 5-HT is estimated to be found in gut mainly within the enterochromaffin cells whereas about 5% is found in the brain. 5-HT is an important enteric signaling molecule and is well known for playing a key role in sensory-motor and secretory functions in the gut. In recent times, studies uncovering various new functions of gut-derived 5-HT indicate that many more are yet to be discovered in coming days. Recent studies revealed that 5-HT plays a pivotal role in immune cell activation and generation/perpetuation of inflammation in the gut. In addition to its various roles in the gut, there are now emerging evidences that suggest an important role of gut-derived 5-HT in other biological processes beyond the gut, such as bone remodeling and metabolic homeostasis. This review focuses to briefly summarize the accumulated and newly updated role of 5-HT in the maintenance of normal gut physiology and in the pathogenesis of inflammation in the gut. The collected information about this multifaceted signaling molecule may aid in distinguishing its good and bad effects which may lead to the development of novel strategies to overcome the unwanted effect, such as in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhrid Banskota
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-Eric Ghia
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Waliul I Khan
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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6
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Jose J, Tavares CDJ, Ebelt ND, Lodi A, Edupuganti R, Xie X, Devkota AK, Kaoud TS, Van Den Berg CL, Anslyn EV, Tiziani S, Bartholomeusz C, Dalby KN. Serotonin Analogues as Inhibitors of Breast Cancer Cell Growth. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:1072-1076. [PMID: 29057053 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a critical local regulator of epithelial homeostasis in the breast and exerts its actions through a number of receptors. Dysregulation of serotonin signaling is reported to contribute to breast cancer pathophysiology by enhancing cell proliferation and promoting resistance to apoptosis. Preliminary analyses indicated that the potent 5-HT1B/1D serotonin receptor agonist 5-nonyloxytryptamine (5-NT), a triptan-like molecule, induced cell death in breast cancer cell lines. Thus, we synthesized a series of novel alkyloxytryptamine analogues, several of which decreased the viability of various human cancer cell lines. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses showed that compounds 6 and 10 induced apoptosis and interfered with signaling pathways that regulate protein translation and survival, such as the Akt/mTOR pathway, in triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiney Jose
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Clint D. J. Tavares
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Graduate
Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nancy D. Ebelt
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Graduate
Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Alessia Lodi
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
| | - Ramakrishna Edupuganti
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xuemei Xie
- Section
of Translational Breast Cancer Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department
of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Ashwini K. Devkota
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Graduate
Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Tamer S. Kaoud
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Carla L. Van Den Berg
- Graduate
Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
| | - Eric V. Anslyn
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
| | - Chandra Bartholomeusz
- Section
of Translational Breast Cancer Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department
of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Kevin N. Dalby
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Graduate
Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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7
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Xia Y, Wang D, Zhang N, Wang Z, Pang L. Plasma serotonin level is a predictor for recurrence and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 32. [PMID: 28543924 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the prognostic value of plasma serotonin levels in colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Preoperative plasma serotonin levels of 150 healthy control (HC) cases, 150 benign colorectal polyp (BCP) cases, and 176 CRC cases were determined using radioimmunoassay assay. Serotonin levels were compared between HC, BCP, and CRC cases, and those in CRC patients were related to 5-year outcome. RESULTS Plasma serotonin levels were markedly higher in CRC patients than in either HCs or BCP cases. An elevated serotonin level was significantly associated with advanced tumor node metastasis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the level of serotonin had a high predictive value for disease recurrence and mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed that high serotonin level was significantly associated with poor recurrence-free survival and overall survival. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that a high peri-operative plasma serotonin level is useful as a prognostic biomarker for CRC recurrence and poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Pang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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8
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Etxabe A, Lara-Castillo MC, Cornet-Masana JM, Banús-Mulet A, Nomdedeu M, Torrente MA, Pratcorona M, Díaz-Beyá M, Esteve J, Risueño RM. Inhibition of serotonin receptor type 1 in acute myeloid leukemia impairs leukemia stem cell functionality: a promising novel therapeutic target. Leukemia 2017; 31:2288-2302. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Gautam J, Banskota S, Regmi SC, Ahn S, Jeon YH, Jeong H, Kim SJ, Nam TG, Jeong BS, Kim JA. Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and 5-HT 7 receptor preferentially expressed in triple-negative breast cancer promote cancer progression through autocrine serotonin signaling. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:75. [PMID: 27871326 PMCID: PMC5117586 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a high risk of relapse and there are few chemotherapy options. Although 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) signaling pathways have been suggested as potential targets for anti-cancer drug development, the mechanism responsible for the action of 5-HT in TNBC remains unknown. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to measure mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured using CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution. siRNA transfection was used to assess involvement of genes in cancer invasion, which were identified by Matrigel transwell invasion assay. Levels of 5-HT and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured using ELISA kits. Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and mouse tumor model were used to investigate the in vivo effects of SB269970, a 5-HT7 receptor antagonist, and BJ-1113, a novel synthetic compound. RESULTS TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HCC-1395, and Hs578T) expressed higher levels of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) than hormone-responsive breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and T47D). In MDA-MB-231 cells, 5-HT promoted invasion and proliferation via 5-HT7 receptor, and interestingly, the stimulatory effect of 5-HT on MDA-MB-231 cell invasion was stronger than its effect on proliferation. Likewise, downstream signaling pathways of 5-HT7 differed during invasion and proliferation, that is, Gα-activated cAMP and Gβγ-activated kinase signaling during invasion, and Gβγ-activated PI3K/Akt signaling during proliferation. Also, 5-HT increased the protein expressions of TPH1 and VEGF in MDA-MB-231 cells. These results provide insight of the stimulatory effect of 5-HT on breast cancer progression; 5-HT was found to act more strongly during the first stage of metastasis (during invasion and migration) than during the later proliferative phase after local invasion. Interestingly, these actions of 5-HT were inhibited by BJ-1113, a 6-amino-2,4,5-trimethylpyridin-3-ol analog. BJ-1113 blocked intracellular signaling pathways initiated by 5-HT7 receptor activation, and exhibited anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activities against MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of BJ-1113 against MDA-MB-231 tumor growth was greater than that of SB269970, a 5-HT7 receptor antagonist. CONCLUSIONS 5-HT7 receptor which mediates 5-HT-induced cancer progression is a potential therapeutic target in TNBC, and BJ-1113 offers a novel scaffold for the development of anti-cancer agents against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Gautam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhrid Banskota
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sushil Chandra Regmi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Subi Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Departments of Pharmacy Practice and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Seung Joo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Nam
- Department of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Seon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Peters MAM, Walenkamp AME, Kema IP, Meijer C, de Vries EGE, Oosting SF. Dopamine and serotonin regulate tumor behavior by affecting angiogenesis. Drug Resist Updat 2014; 17:96-104. [PMID: 25269824 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The biogenic amines dopamine and serotonin are neurotransmitters and hormones, which are mainly produced in the central nervous system and in the gastro-intestinal tract. They execute local and systemic functions such as intestinal motility and tissue repair. Dopamine and serotonin are primarily stored in and transported by platelets. This review focuses on the recently recognized role of dopamine and serotonin in the regulation of tumor behavior by affecting angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Preclinical studies demonstrate that dopamine inhibits tumor growth via activation of dopamine receptor D2 on endothelial and tumor cells. Serotonin stimulates tumor growth via activation of serotonin receptor 2B on endothelial cells and serotonin receptors on tumor cells. Drugs that stimulate dopamine receptor D2 or inhibit serotonin receptors are available and therefore clinical intervention studies for cancer patients are within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes A M Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek M E Walenkamp
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Coby Meijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoukje F Oosting
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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11
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Mancino M, Ametller E, Gascón P, Almendro V. The neuronal influence on tumor progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2011; 1816:105-18. [PMID: 21616127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nerve fibers accompany blood and lymphatic vessels all over the body. An extensive amount of knowledge has been obtained with regard to tumor angiogenesis and tumor lymphangiogenesis, yet little is known about the potential biological effects of "neoneurogenesis". Cancer cells can exploit the advantage of the factors released by the nerve fibers to generate a positive microenvironment for cell survival and proliferation. At the same time, they can stimulate the formation of neurites by secreting neurotrophic factors and axon guidance molecules. The neuronal influence on the biology of a neoplasm was initially described several decades ago. Since then, an increasing amount of experimental evidence strongly suggests the existence of reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and nerves in humans. Moreover, researchers have been able to demonstrate a crosstalk between cancer cells and nerve fibers as a strategy for survival. Despite all these evidence, a lot remains to be done in order to clarify the role of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and their associated receptor-initiated signaling pathways in the development and progression of cancer, and response to therapy. A global-wide characterization of the neurotransmitters or neuropeptides present in the tumor microenvironment would provide insights into the real biological influences of the neuronal tissue on tumor progression. This review is intended to discuss our current understanding of neurosignaling in cancer and its potential implications on cancer prevention and therapy. The review will focus on the soluble factors released by cancer cells and nerve endings, their biological effects and their potential relevance in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mancino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Esther Koplowitz CEK, Institut d' investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Medical School, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Frampton GA, Li H, Ramirez J, Mohamad A, DeMorrow S. Biogenic amines serotonin and dopamine regulate cholangiocyte hyperplastic and neoplastic growth. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2010; 1:63-8. [PMID: 21607143 PMCID: PMC3097942 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v1.i2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines, such as serotonin and dopamine, regulate a multitude of cellular responses. A great deal of effort has been invested into understanding the effects of these molecules and their corresponding receptor systems on cholangiocyte and cholangiocarcinoma secretion, apoptosis and growth. This review summarizes the results of these efforts and highlights the importance of these regulatory molecules on the physiology and pathophysiology of cholangiocytes. Specifically we have focused on the recent findings into the effects of serotonin and dopamine on cholangiocyte hyperplasia and neoplastic growth.
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Pai VP, Marshall AM, Hernandez LL, Buckley AR, Horseman ND. Altered serotonin physiology in human breast cancers favors paradoxical growth and cell survival. Breast Cancer Res 2009; 11:R81. [PMID: 19903352 PMCID: PMC2815543 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Revised: 10/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The breast microenvironment can either retard or accelerate the events associated with progression of latent cancers. However, the actions of local physiological mediators in the context of breast cancers are poorly understood. Serotonin (5-HT) is a critical local regulator of epithelial homeostasis in the breast and other organs. Herein, we report complex alterations in the intrinsic mammary gland serotonin system of human breast cancers. Methods Serotonin biosynthetic capacity was analyzed in human breast tumor tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry for tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1). Serotonin receptors (5-HT1-7) were analyzed in human breast tumors using the Oncomine database. Serotonin receptor expression, signal transduction, and 5-HT effects on breast cancer cell phenotype were compared in non-transformed and transformed human breast cells. Results In the context of the normal mammary gland, 5-HT acts as a physiological regulator of lactation and involution, in part by favoring growth arrest and cell death. This tightly regulated 5-HT system is subverted in multiple ways in human breast cancers. Specifically, TPH1 expression undergoes a non-linear change during progression, with increased expression during malignant progression. Correspondingly, the tightly regulated pattern of 5-HT receptors becomes dysregulated in human breast cancer cells, resulting in both ectopic expression of some isoforms and suppression of others. The receptor expression change is accompanied by altered downstream signaling of 5-HT receptors in human breast cancer cells, resulting in resistance to 5-HT-induced apoptosis, and stimulated proliferation. Conclusions Our data constitutes the first report of direct involvement of 5-HT in human breast cancer. Increased 5-HT biosynthetic capacity accompanied by multiple changes in 5-HT receptor expression and signaling favor malignant progression of human breast cancer cells (for example, stimulated proliferation, inappropriate cell survival). This occurs through uncoupling of serotonin from the homeostatic regulatory mechanisms of the normal mammary epithelium. The findings open a new avenue for identification of diagnostic and prognostic markers, and valuable new therapeutic targets for managing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav P Pai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0576, USA.
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Alpini G, Invernizzi P, Gaudio E, Venter J, Kopriva S, Bernuzzi F, Onori P, Franchitto A, Coufal M, Frampton G, Alvaro D, Lee SP, Marzioni M, Benedetti A, DeMorrow S. Serotonin metabolism is dysregulated in cholangiocarcinoma, which has implications for tumor growth. Cancer Res 2008; 68:9184-93. [PMID: 19010890 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is a devastating cancer of biliary origin with limited treatment options. Symptoms are usually evident after blockage of the bile duct by the tumor, and at this late stage, they are relatively resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Therefore, it is imperative that alternative treatment options are explored. We present novel data indicating that the metabolism of serotonin is dysregulated in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, compared with normal cholangiocytes, and tissue and bile from cholangiocarcinoma patients. Specifically, there was an increased expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and a suppression of monoamine oxidase A expression (enzymes responsible for the synthesis and degradation of serotonin, respectively) in cholangiocarcinoma. This resulted in an increased secretion of serotonin from cholangiocarcinoma and increased serotonin in the bile from cholangiocarcinoma patients. Increased local serotonin release may have implications on cholangiocarcinoma cell growth. Serotonin administration increased cholangiocarcinoma cell growth in vitro, whereas inhibition of serotonin synthesis decreases tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. The data presented here represent the first evidence that serotonin metabolism is dysregulated in cholangiocarcinoma and that modulation of serotonin synthesis may represent an alternative target for the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Alpini
- Department of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Scott & White Hospital, Temple, TX 76504, USA
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