Fenspiride inhibits histamine-induced responses in a lung epithelial cell line

[Evaluation of clinical effectiveness of 'erespal' preparation with surgical treatment of patients with the pathology of the surgery crops]

The article presents the results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory therapy in the perioperative period in patients with pathology of the paranasal sinuses. The study included patients (n=150) who underwent endoscopic surgery on the paranasal sinuses. All patients were divided into 3 groups. In the first (control) group (n=50) in the postoperative period, patients received standard therapy, which included antibiotic therapy and irrigation of the nasal cavity with saline. In the second comparison group (n=50), in addition to the standard treatment in the postoperative period, the preparation Erespal was added to 2 tab/day for 1 month. The third comparison group (n=50) started taking Erespal 2 tab/day 7 days before the surgery, and in the postoperative period the treatment continued in the same way as in the 2nd group (standard therapy and Erespal 2 tab/day after the operation for 1 month). The study showed that Erespal's effectiveness after endoscopic operations on the paranasal sinuses makes it possible to accelerate the recovery period of patients, leading subjectively to the normalization of well-being and objective positive changes from the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity (decrease in edema, hyperemia, smaller changes in postoperative CT of the ONP).

Increased cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein expression in peritoneal macrophages during ovalbumin immunization of mice and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) activation after antigen challenge

The present study investigates phenotypic and functional differentiation of peritoneal macrophages during ovalbumin-induced subcutaneous immunization of mice. For the first time we show that, in mouse peritoneal macrophages, ovalbumin immunization induces an increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) expression whereas it inhibits cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA2) expression. The study of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in peritoneal macrophages from control (cPM) and ovalbumin-immunized (iPM) mice shows that the reduced cPLA2 expression is correlated to a reduced basal AA metabolism, but is not a limiting factor for the opsonized zymosan-, PMA-, or A23187-triggered AA metabolism. We also show that in vitro ovalbumin challenge induces, only in iPM, cPLA2 activation through phosphorylation of serine residues, via a mechanism involving MAP kinases, and through increased intracellular calcium concentrations, leading to eicosanoid production. In parallel, we report that, in peritoneal macrophages, ovalbumin immunization induces the expression of CD23, the low affinity receptor for IgEs known for its involvement in allergic diseases. Thus, the modified expression of the enzymes involved in AA metabolism and the difference of response of cPM and iPM toward the antigen are important elements to understand the underlying mechanisms of ovalbumin-induced allergic responses.