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Guo P, Zhang L, Lu J, Zhang H, Zhu X, Wu C, Zhan X, Yin H, Wang Z, Xu Y, Wang Z. Grating-based x-ray dark-field CT for lung cancer diagnosis in mice. Eur Radiol Exp 2024; 8:12. [PMID: 38270720 PMCID: PMC10810771 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-023-00399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The low absorption of x-rays in lung tissue and the poor resolution of conventional computed tomography (CT) limits its use to detect lung disease. However, x-ray dark-field imaging can sense the scattered x-rays deflected by the structures being imaged. This technique can facilitate the detection of small alveolar lesions that would be difficult to detect with conventional CT. Therefore, it may provide an alternative imaging modality to diagnose lung disease at an early stage. METHODS Eight mice were inoculated with lung cancers simultaneously. Each time two mice were scanned using a grating-based dark-field CT on days 4, 8, 12, and 16 after the introduction of the cancer cells. The detectability index was calculated between nodules and healthy parenchyma for both attenuation and dark-field modalities. High-resolution micro-CT and pathological examinations were used to crosscheck and validate our results. Paired t-test was used for comparing the ability of dark-field and attenuation modalities in pulmonary nodule detection. RESULTS The nodules were shown as a signal decrease in the dark-field modality and a signal increase in the attenuation modality. The number of nodules increased from day 8 to day 16, indicating disease progression. The detectability indices of dark-field modality were higher than those of attenuation modality (p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS Compared with the standard attenuation CT, the dark-field CT improved the detection of lung nodules. RELEVANCE STATEMENT Dark-field CT has a higher detectability index than conventional attenuation CT in lung nodule detection. This technique could improve the early diagnosis of lung cancer. KEY POINTS • Lung cancer progression was observed using x-ray dark-field CT. • Dark-field modality complements with attenuation modality in lung nodule detection. • Dark-field modality showed a detectability index higher than that attenuation in nodule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Guo
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University) of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University) of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jincheng Lu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University) of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huitao Zhang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University) of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chengpeng Wu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University) of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Yin
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhentian Wang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging (Tsinghua University) of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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George J, Van Wettere AJ, Michaels BB, Crain D, Lewbart GA. Histopathologic evaluation of postmortem autolytic changes in bluegill (Lepomis macrohirus) and crappie (Pomoxis anularis) at varied time intervals and storage temperatures. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1943. [PMID: 27114885 PMCID: PMC4841231 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Information is lacking on preserving fish carcasses to minimize postmortem autolysis artifacts when a necropsy cannot be performed immediately. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively identify and score histologic postmortem changes in two species of freshwater fish (bluegill—Lepomis macrochirus; crappie—Pomoxis annularis), at varied time intervals and storage temperatures, to assess the histologic quality of collected samples. A pooled sample of 36 mix sex individuals of healthy bluegill and crappie were euthanized, stored either at room temperature, refrigerated at 4 °C, or frozen at −20 °C, and then necropsied at 0, 4, 24, and 48 h intervals. Histologic specimens were evaluated by light microscopy. Data showed that immediate harvesting of fresh samples provides the best quality and refrigeration would be the preferred method of storage if sample collection had to be delayed for up to 24 h. When sample collection must be delayed more than 24 h, the preferred method of storage to minimize autolysis artifacts is freezing if evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract is most important, or refrigeration if gill histology is most important. The gill arch, intestinal tract, followed by the liver and kidney were the most sensitive organs to autolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jami George
- Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine , Raleigh, NC , United States
| | - Arnaud J Van Wettere
- Department of Animal, Dairy & Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University , Logan, UT , United States
| | | | - Debbi Crain
- Live Exhibits, Bass Pro Shops , Springfield, MO , United States
| | - Gregory A Lewbart
- Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine , Raleigh, NC , United States
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