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Panach-Navarrete J, González-Marrachelli V, Morales-Tatay JM, García-Morata F, Sales-Maicas MÁ, Monleón-Salvado D, Martínez-Jabaloyas JM. Metabolic analysis using HR-MAS in prostate tissue for prostate cancer diagnosis. Prostate 2024; 84:549-559. [PMID: 38212952 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study we used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in prostate tissue to provide new data on potential biomarkers of prostate cancer in patients eligible for prostate biopsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Core needle prostate tissue samples were obtained. After acquiring all the spectra using a Bruker Avance III DRX 600 spectrometer, tissue samples were subjected to routine histology to confirm presence or absence of prostate cancer. Univariate and multivariate analyses with metabolic and clinical variables were performed to predict the occurrence of prostate cancer. RESULTS A total of 201 patients, were included in the study. Of all cores subjected to high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) followed by standard histological study, 56 (27.8%) tested positive for carcinoma. According to HR-MAS probe analysis, metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the metabolism of different amino acids were associated with presence of prostate cancer. Metabolites detected in tissue such as citrate or glycerol-3-phosphocholine, together with prostate volume and suspicious rectal examination, formed a predictive model for prostate cancer in tissue with an area under the curve of 0.87, a specificity of 94%, a positive predictive value of 80% and a negative predictive value of 84%. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics using HR-MAS analysis can uncover a specific metabolic fingerprint of prostate cancer in prostate tissue, using a tissue core obtained by transrectal biopsy. This specific fingerprint is based on levels of citrate, glycerol-3-phosphocholine, glycine, carnitine, and 0-phosphocholine. Several clinical variables, such as suspicious digital rectal examination and prostate volume, combined with these metabolites, form a predictive model to diagnose prostate cancer that has shown encouraging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Panach-Navarrete
- Department of Urology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA, Health Research Institute, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vannina González-Marrachelli
- INCLIVA, Health Research Institute, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Manuel Morales-Tatay
- INCLIVA, Health Research Institute, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Morata
- Department of Urology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA, Health Research Institute, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Sales-Maicas
- INCLIVA, Health Research Institute, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Monleón-Salvado
- INCLIVA, Health Research Institute, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Metabolomic, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - José María Martínez-Jabaloyas
- Department of Urology, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA, Health Research Institute, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Shastry A, Dunham-Snary K. Metabolomics and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiometabolic disease. Life Sci 2023; 333:122137. [PMID: 37788764 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Circulating metabolites are indicators of systemic metabolic dysfunction and can be detected through contemporary techniques in metabolomics. These metabolites are involved in numerous mitochondrial metabolic processes including glycolysis, fatty acid β-oxidation, and amino acid catabolism, and changes in the abundance of these metabolites is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). Epigenetic regulation and direct metabolite-protein interactions modulate metabolism, both within cells and in the circulation. Dysfunction of multiple mitochondrial components stemming from mitochondrial DNA mutations are implicated in disease pathogenesis. This review will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding: i) the interactions between metabolites found within the mitochondrial environment during CMDs, ii) various metabolites' effects on cellular and systemic function, iii) how harnessing the power of metabolomic analyses represents the next frontier of precision medicine, and iv) how these concepts integrate to expand the clinical potential for translational cardiometabolic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shastry
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberly Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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3
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Penet MF, Sharma RK, Bharti S, Mori N, Artemov D, Bhujwalla ZM. Cancer insights from magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cells and excised tumors. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4724. [PMID: 35262263 PMCID: PMC9458776 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multinuclear ex vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of cancer cells, xenografts, human cancer tissue, and biofluids is a rapidly expanding field that is providing unique insights into cancer. Starting from the 1970s, the field has continued to evolve as a stand-alone technology or as a complement to in vivo MRS to characterize the metabolome of cancer cells, cancer-associated stromal cells, immune cells, tumors, biofluids and, more recently, changes in the metabolome of organs induced by cancers. Here, we review some of the insights into cancer obtained with ex vivo MRS and provide a perspective of future directions. Ex vivo MRS of cells and tumors provides opportunities to understand the role of metabolism in cancer immune surveillance and immunotherapy. With advances in computational capabilities, the integration of artificial intelligence to identify differences in multinuclear spectral patterns, especially in easily accessible biofluids, is providing exciting advances in detection and monitoring response to treatment. Metabolotheranostics to target cancers and to normalize metabolic changes in organs induced by cancers to prevent cancer-induced morbidity are other areas of future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Penet
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Raj Kumar Sharma
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Santosh Bharti
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Noriko Mori
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zaver M. Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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4
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Jupin M, van Heijster FHA, Heerschap A. Metabolite interactions in prostatic fluid mimics assessed by 1H NMR. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:683-694. [PMID: 34919194 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-021-00983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular interactions in prostatic fluid are of biological interest and may affect MRI and MRS of the prostate. We investigated the existence of interactions between the major components of this fluid: spermine, citrate and myoinositol, metal ions, including zinc, and proteins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Solutions of 90 mM citrate, 18 mM spermine and 6 mM myo-inositol, mimicking expressed prostatic fluid, were investigated by 1H NMR using changes in T2 relaxation and chemical shift as markers for interactions. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Adding to this metabolite mixture the ions Na+ , K+, Ca++, Mg++ and Zn++, decreased the T2 relaxation times of citrate and spermine protons by factors of 3 and 2, respectively, with Zn++ causing the largest effect, indicating ion-metabolite interactions. The T2 of 18 mM spermine dropped by a factor of 2 upon addition with 90 mM citrate, but no effect on T2 was seen with myo-inositol pointing to a specific citrate-spermine interaction. Moreover, the T2 of citrate in the presence of spermine decreased by adding metal ions and increasing amounts of Zn++, indicating complexation of citrate and spermine with metal ions, particularly with Zn. The addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA), as an index protein, substantially further decreased the T2 of spermine and citrate implying the formation of a transient spermine-metal ion-citrate-BSA complex. Finally, we found that the T2 of citrate in extracellular fluid of prostate cancer cells, as a mimic of fluid in cancerous prostates, decreased by adding fetal calf serum, indicating protein binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jupin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Biophysical Chemistry, Institute for Materials and Molecules, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6524AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits H A van Heijster
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Sanchez-Dahl Gonzalez M, Muti IH, Cheng LL. High resolution magic angle spinning MRS in prostate cancer. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:695-705. [PMID: 35318537 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death among men worldwide. The current methods utilized to screen for prostate cancer may not have sufficient sensitivity in distinguishing aggressive from indolent diseases, which affect the quality of life of patients in the short and long term. The overdiagnosis of cases and overtreatment are prevalent due to the heterogeneity of the disease in terms of latent and progressive variants, as well as in the tissue types present in biopsy samples. METHODS The purpose of this review is to discuss the potential clinical benefits of incorporating high-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) modalities to overcome the current challenges in the diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella H Muti
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leo L Cheng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Stamatelatou A, Scheenen TWJ, Heerschap A. Developments in proton MR spectroscopic imaging of prostate cancer. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:645-665. [PMID: 35445307 PMCID: PMC9363347 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we review the developments of 1H-MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) methods designed to investigate prostate cancer, covering key aspects such as specific hardware, dedicated pulse sequences for data acquisition and data processing and quantification techniques. Emphasis is given to recent advancements in MRSI methodologies, as well as future developments, which can lead to overcome difficulties associated with commonly employed MRSI approaches applied in clinical routine. This includes the replacement of standard PRESS sequences for volume selection, which we identified as inadequate for clinical applications, by sLASER sequences and implementation of 1H MRSI without water signal suppression. These may enable a new evaluation of the complementary role and significance of MRSI in prostate cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Stamatelatou
- Department of Medical Imaging (766), Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Medical Imaging (766), Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Medical Imaging (766), Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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7
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Rye MB, Krossa S, Hall M, van Mourik C, Bathen TF, Drabløs F, Tessem MB, Bertilsson H. The genes controlling normal function of citrate and spermine secretion are lost in aggressive prostate cancer and prostate model systems. iScience 2022; 25:104451. [PMID: 35707723 PMCID: PMC9189124 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High secretion of the metabolites citrate and spermine is a unique hallmark for normal prostate epithelial cells, and is reduced in aggressive prostate cancer. However, the identity of the genes controlling this biological process is mostly unknown. In this study, we have created a gene signature of 150 genes connected to citrate and spermine secretion in the prostate. We have computationally integrated metabolic measurements with multiple transcriptomics datasets from the public domain, including 3826 tissue samples from prostate and prostate cancer. The accuracy of the signature is validated by its unique enrichment in prostate samples and prostate epithelial tissue compartments. The signature highlights genes AZGP1, ANPEP and metallothioneins with zinc-binding properties not previously studied in the prostate, and the expression of these genes are reduced in more aggressive cancer lesions. However, the absence of signature enrichment in common prostate model systems can make it challenging to study these genes mechanistically. Novel 150 gene signature reflecting prostatic citrate and spermine secretion Identified several zinc-binding proteins not previously investigated in the prostate The signature is absent in prostate model systems
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Beck Rye
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Surgery, St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway.,BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sebastian Krossa
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martina Hall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Casper van Mourik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Institute for Life Science & Technology, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, 9747 AS Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tone F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Finn Drabløs
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - May-Britt Tessem
- Clinic of Surgery, St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helena Bertilsson
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Surgery, St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
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8
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Ex Vivo High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS) 1H NMR Spectroscopy for Early Prostate Cancer Detection. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092162. [PMID: 35565290 PMCID: PMC9103328 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer is the second leading cancer diagnosed in men worldwide. Current diagnostic standards lack sufficient reliability in detecting and characterizing prostate cancer. Due to the cancer’s multifocality, prostate biopsies are associated with high numbers of false negatives. Whereas several studies have already shown the potential of metabolomic information for PCa detection and characterization, in this study, we focused on evaluating its predictive power for future PCa diagnosis. In our study, metabolomic information differed substantially between histobenign patients based on their risk for receiving a future PCa diagnosis, making metabolomic information highly valuable for the individualization of active surveillance strategies. Abstract The aim of our study was to assess ex vivo HRMAS (high-resolution magic angle spinning) 1H NMR spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for early PCa detection by testing whether metabolomic alterations in prostate biopsy samples can predict future PCa diagnosis. In a primary prospective study (04/2006–10/2018), fresh biopsy samples of 351 prostate biopsy patients were NMR spectroscopically analyzed (Bruker 14.1 Tesla, Billerica, MA, USA) and histopathologically evaluated. Three groups of 16 patients were compared: group 1 and 2 represented patients whose NMR scanned biopsy was histobenign, but patients in group 1 were diagnosed with cancer before the end of the study period, whereas patients in group 2 remained histobenign. Group 3 included cancer patients. Single-metabolite concentrations and metabolomic profiles were not only able to separate histobenign and malignant prostate tissue but also to differentiate between samples of histobenign patients who received a PCa diagnosis in the following years and those who remained histobenign. Our results support the hypothesis that metabolomic alterations significantly precede histologically visible changes, making metabolomic information highly beneficial for early PCa detection. Thanks to its predictive power, metabolomic information can be very valuable for the individualization of PCa active surveillance strategies.
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Zhong AB, Muti IH, Eyles SJ, Vachet RW, Sikora KN, Bobst CE, Calligaris D, Stopka SA, Agar JN, Wu CL, Mino-Kenudson MA, Agar NYR, Christiani DC, Kaltashov IA, Cheng LL. Multiplatform Metabolomics Studies of Human Cancers With NMR and Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:785232. [PMID: 35463966 PMCID: PMC9024335 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.785232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The status of metabolomics as a scientific branch has evolved from proof-of-concept to applications in science, particularly in medical research. To comprehensively evaluate disease metabolomics, multiplatform approaches of NMR combining with mass spectrometry (MS) have been investigated and reported. This mixed-methods approach allows for the exploitation of each individual technique's unique advantages to maximize results. In this article, we present our findings from combined NMR and MS imaging (MSI) analysis of human lung and prostate cancers. We further provide critical discussions of the current status of NMR and MS combined human prostate and lung cancer metabolomics studies to emphasize the enhanced metabolomics ability of the multiplatform approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya B. Zhong
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Isabella H. Muti
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephen J. Eyles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Richard W. Vachet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Kristen N. Sikora
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Cedric E. Bobst
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - David Calligaris
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sylwia A. Stopka
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jeffery N. Agar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chin-Lee Wu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Nathalie Y. R. Agar
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David C. Christiani
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Igor A. Kaltashov
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Leo L. Cheng
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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Metabolic Phenotyping in Prostate Cancer Using Multi-Omics Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030596. [PMID: 35158864 PMCID: PMC8833769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among men worldwide, is characterized by a diverse biological heterogeneity. It is well known that PCa cells rewire their cellular metabolism to meet the higher demands required for survival, proliferation, and invasion. In this context, a deeper understanding of metabolic reprogramming, an emerging hallmark of cancer, could provide novel opportunities for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. In this setting, multi-omics data integration approaches, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics, could offer unprecedented opportunities for uncovering the molecular changes underlying metabolic rewiring in complex diseases, such as PCa. Recent studies, focused on the integrated analysis of multi-omics data derived from PCa patients, have in fact revealed new insights into specific metabolic reprogramming events and vulnerabilities that have the potential to better guide therapy and improve outcomes for patients. This review aims to provide an up-to-date summary of multi-omics studies focused on the characterization of the metabolomic phenotype of PCa, as well as an in-depth analysis of the correlation between changes identified in the multi-omics studies and the metabolic profile of PCa tumors.
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11
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Tse RTH, Wong CYP, Chiu PKF, Ng CF. The Potential Role of Spermine and Its Acetylated Derivative in Human Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031258. [PMID: 35163181 PMCID: PMC8836144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are essential biomolecules for normal cellular metabolism in humans. The roles of polyamines in cancer development have been widely discussed in recent years. Among all, spermine alongside with its acetylated derivative, N1, N12-Diacetylspermine, demonstrate a relationship with the diagnosis and staging of various cancers, including lung, breast, liver, colorectal and urogenital. Numerous studies have reported the level of spermine in different body fluids and organ tissues in patients with different types of cancers. Currently, the role and the underlying mechanisms of spermine in cancer development and progression are still under investigation. This review summarized the roles of spermine in cancer development and as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tool in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Ka-Fung Chiu
- Correspondence: (P.K.-F.C.); (C.-F.N.); Tel.: +852-3505-2625 (P.K.-F.C. & C.-F.N.)
| | - Chi-Fai Ng
- Correspondence: (P.K.-F.C.); (C.-F.N.); Tel.: +852-3505-2625 (P.K.-F.C. & C.-F.N.)
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12
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Abstract
Introduction: Saliva is an ideal biofluid that can be collected in a noninvasive manner, enabling safe and frequent screening of various diseases. Recent studies have revealed that salivary metabolomics analysis has the potential to detect both oral and systemic cancers. Area covered: We reviewed the technical aspects, as well as applications, of salivary metabolomics for cancer detection. The topics include the effects of preconditioning and the method of sample collection, sample storage, processing, measurement, data analysis, and validation of the results. We also examined the rational relationship between salivary biomarkers and tumors distant from the oral cavity. A strategy to establish standard operating protocols for obtaining reproducible quantification data is also discussed Expert opinion: Salivary metabolomics reflects oral and systematic health status, which potently enables cancer detection. The sensitivity and specificity of each marker and their combinations have been well evaluated, but a validation study is required. Further, the standard operating protocol for each procedure should be established to obtain reproducible data before clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sugimoto
- Research and Development Centre for Minimally Invasive Therapies, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University , Yamagata, Japan
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13
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Franko A, Shao Y, Heni M, Hennenlotter J, Hoene M, Hu C, Liu X, Zhao X, Wang Q, Birkenfeld AL, Todenhöfer T, Stenzl A, Peter A, Häring HU, Lehmann R, Xu G, Lutz SZ. Human Prostate Cancer is Characterized by an Increase in Urea Cycle Metabolites. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1814. [PMID: 32640711 PMCID: PMC7408908 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite it being the most common incident of cancer among men, the pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to prostate cancer (PCa) are still poorly understood. Altered mitochondrial metabolism is postulated to play a role in the development of PCa. To determine the key metabolites (which included mitochondrial oncometabolites), benign prostatic and cancer tissues of patients with PCa were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Gene expression was studied using real-time PCR. In PCa tissues, we found reduced levels of early tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites, whereas the contents of urea cycle metabolites including aspartate, argininosuccinate, arginine, proline, and the oncometabolite fumarate were higher than that in benign controls. Fumarate content correlated positively with the gene expression of oncogenic HIF1α and NFκB pathways, which were significantly higher in the PCa samples than in the benign controls. Furthermore, data from the TCGA database demonstrated that prostate cancer patients with activated NFκB pathway had a lower survival rate. In summary, our data showed that fumarate content was positively associated with carcinogenic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Franko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.H.); (A.L.B.); (H.-U.H); (S.Z.L.)
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yaping Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.S.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.W)
| | - Martin Heni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.H.); (A.L.B.); (H.-U.H); (S.Z.L.)
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.H.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Miriam Hoene
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.S.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.W)
| | - Xinyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.S.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.W)
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.S.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.W)
| | - Qingqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.S.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.W)
| | - Andreas L. Birkenfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.H.); (A.L.B.); (H.-U.H); (S.Z.L.)
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Todenhöfer
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.H.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.H.); (T.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Peter
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.H.); (A.L.B.); (H.-U.H); (S.Z.L.)
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rainer Lehmann
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (Y.S.); (C.H.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Q.W)
| | - Stefan Z. Lutz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.H.); (A.L.B.); (H.-U.H); (S.Z.L.)
- Clinic for Geriatric and Orthopedic Rehabilitation Bad Sebastiansweiler, 72116 Mössingen, Germany
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14
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Ranjan R, Sinha N. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics for cancer research. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e3916. [PMID: 29733484 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has emerged as an effective tool in various spheres of biomedical research, amongst which metabolomics is an important method for the study of various types of disease. Metabolomics has proved its stronghold in cancer research by the development of different NMR methods over time for the study of metabolites, thus identifying key players in the aetiology of cancer. A plethora of one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR experiments (in solids, semi-solids and solution phases) are utilized to obtain metabolic profiles of biofluids, cell extracts and tissue biopsy samples, which can further be subjected to statistical analysis. Any alteration in the assigned metabolite peaks gives an indication of changes in metabolic pathways. These defined changes demonstrate the utility of NMR in the early diagnosis of cancer and provide further measures to combat malignancy and its progression. This review provides a snapshot of the trending NMR techniques and the statistical analysis involved in the metabolomics of diseases, with emphasis on advances in NMR methodology developed for cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Ranjan
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, India
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebarelly Road, Lucknow, India
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15
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Dinges SS, Vandergrift LA, Wu S, Berker Y, Habbel P, Taupitz M, Wu CL, Cheng LL. Metabolomic prostate cancer fields in HRMAS MRS-profiled histologically benign tissue vary with cancer status and distance from cancer. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4038. [PMID: 30609175 PMCID: PMC7366614 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we review the state of the field of high resolution magic angle spinning MRS (HRMAS MRS)-based cancer metabolomics since its beginning in 2004; discuss the concept of cancer metabolomic fields, where metabolomic profiles measured from histologically benign tissues reflect patient cancer status; and report our HRMAS MRS metabolomic results, which characterize metabolomic fields in prostatectomy-removed cancerous prostates. Three-dimensional mapping of cancer lesions throughout each prostate enabled multiple benign tissue samples per organ to be classified based on distance from and extent of the closest cancer lesion as well as the Gleason score (GS) of the entire prostate. Cross-validated partial least squares-discriminant analysis separations were achieved between cancer and benign tissue, and between cancer tissue from prostates with high (≥4 + 3) and low (≤3 + 4) GS. Metabolomic field effects enabled histologically benign tissue adjacent to cancer to distinguish the GS and extent of the cancer lesion itself. Benign samples close to either low GS cancer or extensive cancer lesions could be distinguished from those far from cancer. Furthermore, a successfully cross-validated multivariate model for three benign tissue groups with varying distances from cancer lesions within one prostate indicates the scale of prostate cancer metabolomic fields. While these findings could, at present, be potentially useful in the prostate cancer clinic for analysis of biopsy or surgical specimens to complement current diagnostics, the confirmation of metabolomic fields should encourage further examination of cancer fields and can also enhance understanding of the metabolomic characteristics of cancer in myriad organ systems. Our results together with the success of HRMAS MRS-based cancer metabolomics presented in our literature review demonstrate the potential of cancer metabolomics to provide supplementary information for cancer diagnosis, staging, and patient prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. Dinges
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lindsey A. Vandergrift
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
| | - Shulin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
| | - Yannick Berker
- Division of X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Piet Habbel
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, CCM, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Taupitz
- Department of Radiology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chin-Lee Wu
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
| | - Leo L. Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114 USA
- Corresponding author: Leo L. Cheng, PhD, 149 13 St, CNY 6, Charlestown, MA 02129, Ph. 617-724-6593,
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16
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Berker Y, Vandergrift LA, Wagner I, Su L, Kurth J, Schuler A, Dinges SS, Habbel P, Nowak J, Mark E, Aryee MJ, Christiani DC, Cheng LL. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy-based Metabolomic Biomarkers for Typing, Staging, and Survival Estimation of Early-Stage Human Lung Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10319. [PMID: 31311965 PMCID: PMC6635503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46643-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-dose CT has shown promise in detecting early stage lung cancer. However, concerns about the adverse health effects of radiation and high cost prevent its use as a population-wide screening tool. Effective and feasible screening methods to triage suspicious patients to CT are needed. We investigated human lung cancer metabolomics from 93 paired tissue-serum samples with magnetic resonance spectroscopy and identified tissue and serum metabolomic markers that can differentiate cancer types and stages. Most interestingly, we identified serum metabolomic profiles that can predict patient overall survival for all cases (p = 0.0076), and more importantly for Stage I cases alone (n = 58, p = 0.0100), a prediction which is significant for treatment strategies but currently cannot be achieved by any clinical method. Prolonged survival is associated with relative overexpression of glutamine, valine, and glycine, and relative suppression of glutamate and lipids in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Berker
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Division of X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lindsey A Vandergrift
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Isabel Wagner
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Urology, CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Johannes Kurth
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Haematology and Oncology, CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Schuler
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Sarah S Dinges
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Haematology and Oncology, CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Piet Habbel
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Nowak
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eugene Mark
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - Martin J Aryee
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
| | - Leo L Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA.
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17
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MacKinnon N, Ge W, Han P, Siddiqui J, Wei JT, Raghunathan T, Chinnaiyan AM, Rajendiran TM, Ramamoorthy A. NMR-Based Metabolomic Profiling of Urine: Evaluation for Application in Prostate Cancer Detection. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19849978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and distinguishing indolent versus aggressive forms of the disease is a critical clinical challenge. The current clinical test is circulating prostate-specific antigen levels, which faces particular challenges in cancer diagnosis in the range of 4 to 10 ng/mL. Thus, a concerted effort toward building a noninvasive biomarker panel has developed. In this report, the hypothesis that nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-derived metabolomic profiles measured in the urine of biopsy-negative versus biopsy-positive individuals would nominate a selection of potential biomarker signals was investigated. 1H NMR spectra of urine samples from 317 individuals (111 biopsy-negative, 206 biopsy-positive) were analyzed. A double cross-validation partial least squares-discriminant analysis modeling technique was utilized to nominate signals capable of distinguishing the two classes. It was observed that after variable selection protocols were applied, a subset of 29 variables produced an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.94 after logistic regression analysis, whereas a “master list” of 18 variables produced a receiver operating characteristic ROC) AUC of 0.80. As proof of principle, this study demonstrates the utility of NMR-based metabolomic profiling of urine biospecimens in the nomination of PCa-specific biomarker signals and suggests that further investigation is certainly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil MacKinnon
- Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wencheng Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peisong Han
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Javed Siddiqui
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John T. Wei
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Trivellore Raghunathan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arul M. Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thekkelnaycke M. Rajendiran
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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18
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Serkova NJ, Davis DM, Steiner J, Agarwal R. Quantitative NMR-Based Metabolomics on Tissue Biomarkers and Its Translation into In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1978:369-387. [PMID: 31119675 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9236-2_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an established analytical platform for analyzing metabolic profiles of cells, tissues, and body fluids. There are several advantages in introducing an NMR-based study design into metabolomics studies, including a fast and comprehensive detection, characterization, and quantification of dozens of endogenous metabolites in a single NMR spectrum. Quantitative proton 1H-NMR is the most useful NMR-based platform for metabolomics. The frozen tissues can be analyzed noninvasively using a high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) 1H-NMR spectroscopy; or several extraction techniques can be applied to detect additional metabolites using a conventional liquid-based NMR technique. In this chapter, we report on tissue collection, handling, extraction methods, and 1H-NMR acquisition protocols developed in the past decades for a precise and quantitative NMR-metabolomics approach. The NMR acquisition protocols (both HR-MAS and conventional 1H-NMR spectroscopy) and spectral analysis steps are also presented. Since NMR can be applied "in vivo" using horizontal bore MRI scanners, several in vivo sequences for localized 1H-MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy) are presented which can be directly applied for noninvasive detection of brain metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Denise M Davis
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jenna Steiner
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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19
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Lin C, Salzillo TC, Bader DA, Wilkenfeld SR, Awad D, Pulliam TL, Dutta P, Pudakalakatti S, Titus M, McGuire SE, Bhattacharya PK, Frigo DE. Prostate Cancer Energetics and Biosynthesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1210:185-237. [PMID: 31900911 PMCID: PMC8096614 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32656-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancers must alter their metabolism to satisfy the increased demand for energy and to produce building blocks that are required to create a rapidly growing tumor. Further, for cancer cells to thrive, they must also adapt to an often changing tumor microenvironment, which can present new metabolic challenges (ex. hypoxia) that are unfavorable for most other cells. As such, altered metabolism is now considered an emerging hallmark of cancer. Like many other malignancies, the metabolism of prostate cancer is considerably different compared to matched benign tissue. However, prostate cancers exhibit distinct metabolic characteristics that set them apart from many other tumor types. In this chapter, we will describe the known alterations in prostate cancer metabolism that occur during initial tumorigenesis and throughout disease progression. In addition, we will highlight upstream regulators that control these metabolic changes. Finally, we will discuss how this new knowledge is being leveraged to improve patient care through the development of novel biomarkers and metabolically targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchu Lin
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Travis C Salzillo
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David A Bader
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandi R Wilkenfeld
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dominik Awad
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas L Pulliam
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Prasanta Dutta
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark Titus
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean E McGuire
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pratip K Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Molecular Medicine Program, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
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20
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Fong LY, Jing R, Smalley KJ, Wang ZX, Taccioli C, Fan S, Chen H, Alder H, Huebner K, Farber JL, Fiehn O, Croce CM. Human-like hyperplastic prostate with low ZIP1 induced solely by Zn deficiency in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E11091-E11100. [PMID: 30397150 PMCID: PMC6255182 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813956115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in men over 50 years of age, and there is a characteristic marked decrease in Zn content in the malignant prostate cells. The cause and consequences of this loss have thus far been unknown. We found that in middle-aged rats a Zn-deficient diet reduces prostatic Zn levels (P = 0.025), increases cellular proliferation, and induces an inflammatory phenotype with COX-2 overexpression. This hyperplastic/inflammatory prostate has a human prostate cancer-like microRNA profile, with up-regulation of the Zn-homeostasis-regulating miR-183-96-182 cluster (fold change = 1.41-2.38; P = 0.029-0.0003) and down-regulation of the Zn importer ZIP1 (target of miR-182), leading to a reduction of prostatic Zn. This inverse relationship between miR-182 and ZIP1 also occurs in human prostate cancer tissue, which is known for Zn loss. The discovery that the Zn-depleted middle-aged rat prostate has a metabolic phenotype resembling that of human prostate cancer, with a 10-fold down-regulation of citric acid (P = 0.0003), links citrate reduction directly to prostatic Zn loss, providing the underlying mechanism linking dietary Zn deficiency with miR-183-96-182 overexpression, ZIP1 down-regulation, prostatic Zn loss, and the resultant citrate down-regulation, changes mimicking features of human prostate cancer. Thus, dietary Zn deficiency during rat middle age produces changes that mimic those of human prostate carcinoma and may increase the risk for prostate cancer, supporting the need for assessment of Zn supplementation in its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Y Fong
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107;
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Ruiyan Jing
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Karl J Smalley
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Cristian Taccioli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Health and Production, University of Padova, 35122 Padova PD, Italy
| | - Sili Fan
- National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Hongping Chen
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Hansjuerg Alder
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Kay Huebner
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - John L Farber
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210;
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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21
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Kaushik AK, DeBerardinis RJ. Applications of metabolomics to study cancer metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:2-14. [PMID: 29702206 PMCID: PMC6193562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism supports tumor growth and provides a potential source of therapeutic targets and disease biomarkers. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has emerged as a broadly informative technique for profiling metabolic features associated with specific oncogenotypes, disease progression, therapeutic liabilities and other clinically relevant aspects of tumor biology. In this review, we introduce the applications of metabolomics to study deregulated metabolism and metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer. We provide examples of studies that used metabolomics to discover novel metabolic regulatory mechanisms, including processes that link metabolic alterations with gene expression, protein function, and other aspects of systems biology. Finally, we discuss emerging applications of metabolomics for in vivo isotope tracing and metabolite imaging, both of which hold promise to advance our understanding of the role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash K Kaushik
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-8502, United States
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-8502, United States.
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Metabolomic Prediction of Human Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Histologically Benign Tissue. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4997. [PMID: 29581441 PMCID: PMC5980000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer alters cellular metabolism through events potentially preceding cancer morphological formation. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-based metabolomics of histologically-benign tissues from cancerous prostates can predict disease aggressiveness, offering clinically-translatable prognostic information. This retrospective study of 185 patients (2002-2009) included prostate tissues from prostatectomies (n = 365), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (n = 15), and biopsy cores from cancer-negative patients (n = 14). Tissues were measured with high resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) MRS, followed by quantitative histology using the Prognostic Grade Group (PGG) system. Metabolic profiles, measured solely from 338 of 365 histologically-benign tissues from cancerous prostates and divided into training-testing cohorts, could identify tumor grade and stage, and predict recurrence. Specifically, metabolic profiles: (1) show elevated myo-inositol, an endogenous tumor suppressor and potential mechanistic therapy target, in patients with highly-aggressive cancer, (2) identify a patient sub-group with less aggressive prostate cancer to avoid overtreatment if analysed at biopsy; and (3) subdivide the clinicopathologically indivisible PGG2 group into two distinct Kaplan-Meier recurrence groups, thereby identifying patients more at-risk for recurrence. Such findings, achievable by biopsy or prostatectomy tissue measurement, could inform treatment strategies. Metabolomics information can help transform a morphology-based diagnostic system by invoking cancer biology to improve evaluation of histologically-benign tissues in cancer environments.
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23
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Dietz C, Ehret F, Palmas F, Vandergrift LA, Jiang Y, Schmitt V, Dufner V, Habbel P, Nowak J, Cheng LL. Applications of high-resolution magic angle spinning MRS in biomedical studies II-Human diseases. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 30:10.1002/nbm.3784. [PMID: 28915318 PMCID: PMC5690552 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) MRS is a powerful method for gaining insight into the physiological and pathological processes of cellular metabolism. Given its ability to obtain high-resolution spectra of non-liquid biological samples, while preserving tissue architecture for subsequent histopathological analysis, the technique has become invaluable for biochemical and biomedical studies. Using HRMAS MRS, alterations in measured metabolites, metabolic ratios, and metabolomic profiles present the possibility to improve identification and prognostication of various diseases and decipher the metabolomic impact of drug therapies. In this review, we evaluate HRMAS MRS results on human tissue specimens from malignancies and non-localized diseases reported in the literature since the inception of the technique in 1996. We present the diverse applications of the technique in understanding pathological processes of different anatomical origins, correlations with in vivo imaging, effectiveness of therapies, and progress in the HRMAS methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Dietz
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felix Ehret
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Francesco Palmas
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia, 09042 Italy
| | - Lindsey A. Vandergrift
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Yanni Jiang
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029 China
| | - Vanessa Schmitt
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vera Dufner
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Piet Habbel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Nowak
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leo L. Cheng
- Departments of Radiology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Technology, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
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Meller S, Meyer HA, Bethan B, Dietrich D, Maldonado SG, Lein M, Montani M, Reszka R, Schatz P, Peter E, Stephan C, Jung K, Kamlage B, Kristiansen G. Integration of tissue metabolomics, transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry reveals ERG- and gleason score-specific metabolomic alterations in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:1421-38. [PMID: 26623558 PMCID: PMC4811470 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated analysis of metabolomics, transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry can contribute to a deeper understanding of biological processes altered in cancer and possibly enable improved diagnostic or prognostic tests. In this study, a set of 254 metabolites was determined by gas-chromatography/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in matched malignant and non-malignant prostatectomy samples of 106 prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Transcription analysis of matched samples was performed on a set of 15 PCa patients using Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 arrays. Expression of several proteins was immunohistochemically determined in 41 matched patient samples and the association with clinico-pathological parameters was analyzed by an integrated data analysis. These results further outline the highly deregulated metabolism of fatty acids, sphingolipids and polyamines in PCa. For the first time, the impact of the ERG translocation on the metabolome was demonstrated, highlighting an altered fatty acid oxidation in TMPRSS2-ERG translocation positive PCa specimens. Furthermore, alterations in cholesterol metabolism were found preferentially in high grade tumors, enabling the cells to create energy storage. With this integrated analysis we could not only confirm several findings from previous metabolomic studies, but also contradict others and finally expand our concepts of deregulated biological pathways in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Meller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hellmuth-A Meyer
- Campus Wilhelminenhof, University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Dimo Dietrich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Michael Lein
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Teaching Hospital, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Matteo Montani
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Carsten Stephan
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jung
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Urinary Polyamines: A Pilot Study on Their Roles as Prostate Cancer Detection Biomarkers. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162217. [PMID: 27598335 PMCID: PMC5012650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current screening methods towards prostate cancer (PCa) are not without limitations. Research work has been on-going to assess if there are other better tests suitable for primary or secondary screening of PCa to supplement the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) test, which fails to work accurately in a grey zone of 4-10ng/ml. In this pilot study, the potential roles of urinary polyamines as prostate cancer biomarkers were evaluated. PCa, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and healthy controls (HC) showing PSA>4.0ng/ml were enrolled in the study. Their urine samples were obtained, and the urinary levels of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and Student’s t-test were used to evaluate their diagnostic accuracies. Among the three biogenic polyamines, Spm had demonstrated a good diagnostic performance when comparing their levels in PCa patients with BPH patients (1.47 in PCa vs 5.87 in BPH; p<0.0001). Results are in accordance with transrectal ultrasound prostatic biopsy (TRUSPB) results, with an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.83±0.03. Therefore urinary Spm shows potential to serve as a novel PCa diagnostic biomarker, which in turn can help to address the limited sensitivity and specificity problem of serum PSA test.
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26
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Biomarker Discovery in Human Prostate Cancer: an Update in Metabolomics Studies. Transl Oncol 2016; 9:357-70. [PMID: 27567960 PMCID: PMC5006818 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among men in Western countries. Current screening techniques are based on the measurement of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and digital rectal examination. A decisive diagnosis of PCa is based on prostate biopsies; however, this approach can lead to false-positive and false-negative results. Therefore, it is important to discover new biomarkers for the diagnosis of PCa, preferably noninvasive ones. Metabolomics is an approach that allows the analysis of the entire metabolic profile of a biological system. As neoplastic cells have a unique metabolic phenotype related to cancer development and progression, the identification of dysfunctional metabolic pathways using metabolomics can be used to discover cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this study, we review several metabolomics studies performed in prostatic fluid, blood plasma/serum, urine, tissues and immortalized cultured cell lines with the objective of discovering alterations in the metabolic phenotype of PCa and thus discovering new biomarkers for the diagnosis of PCa. Encouraging results using metabolomics have been reported for PCa, with sarcosine being one of the most promising biomarkers identified to date. However, the use of sarcosine as a PCa biomarker in the clinic remains a controversial issue within the scientific community. Beyond sarcosine, other metabolites are considered to be biomarkers for PCa, but they still need clinical validation. Despite the lack of metabolomics biomarkers reaching clinical practice, metabolomics proved to be a powerful tool in the discovery of new biomarkers for PCa detection.
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27
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Weis J, von Below C, Tolf A, Ortiz-Nieto F, Wassberg C, Häggman M, Ladjevardi S, Ahlström H. Quantification of metabolite concentrations in benign and malignant prostate tissues using 3D proton MR spectroscopic imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 45:1232-1240. [PMID: 27556571 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate concentrations of choline (Cho), spermine (Spm), and citrate (Cit) in prostate tissue using 3D proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) with water as an internal concentration reference as well as to assess the relationships between the measured metabolites and also between the metabolites and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-six prostate cancer patients were scanned at 3T. Spectra were acquired with the point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) localization technique. Single-voxel spectra of four healthy volunteers were used to estimate T1 relaxation time of Spm. Spm, Cho concentrations, and ADC values of benign prostate tissues were correlated with Cit content. RESULTS The T1 value, 708 ± 132 msec, was estimated for Spm. Mean concentrations in the benign peripheral zone (PZ) were Cho, 4.5 ± 1 mM, Spm, 13.0 ± 4.4 mM, Cit, 64.4 ± 16.1 mM. Corresponding values in the benign central gland (CG) were Cho, 3.6 ± 1 mM, Spm, 13.3 ± 4.5 mM, Cit, 34.3 ± 12.9 mM. Concentrations of Cit and Spm were positively correlated in the benign PZ zone (r = 0.730) and CG (r = 0.664). Positive correlation was found between Cit and Cho in the benign CG (r = 0.705). Whereas Cit and ADC were positively correlated in the benign PZ (r = 0.673), only low correlation was found in CG (r = 0.265). CONCLUSION We have shown that it is possible to perform water-referenced quantitative 3D MRSI of the prostate at the cost of a relatively short prolongation of the acquisition time. The individual metabolite concentrations provide additional information compared to the previously used metabolite-to-citrate ratios. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:1232-1240.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Weis
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Catrin von Below
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Tolf
- Department of Pathology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Cecilia Wassberg
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Sam Ladjevardi
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ahlström
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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28
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Dezortova M, Jiru F, Skoch A, Capek V, Ryznarova Z, Vik V, Hajek M. The aging effect on prostate metabolite concentrations measured by 1H MR spectroscopy. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 30:65-74. [PMID: 27522359 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-016-0584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of aging, magnetic field and the voxel localization on measured concentrations of citrate (Cit), creatine (Cr), cholines (Cho) and polyamines (PA) in a healthy prostate were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS 36 examinations at both 1.5T and 3T imagers of 52 healthy subjects aged 19-71 years were performed with PRESS 3D-CSI sequences (TE = 120 and 145 ms). Concentrations in laboratory units and their ratios to citrate were calculated using the LCModel technique. Absolute concentrations were also obtained after the application of correction coefficients. Statistical analysis was performed using a robust linear mixed effects model. RESULTS Significant effects of aging, the magnetic field strength and the voxel position in central (CZ) or peripheral (PZ) zones on all measured metabolites were found. The concentrations (mmol/kg wet tissue) including prediction intervals in a range of 20-70 years were found: Cit: 7.9-17.2; Cho: 1.4-1.7; Cr: 2.8-2.5; PA (as spermine): 0.6-2.1 at 3T in CZ. In PZ, the concentrations were higher by about 10 % as compared to CZ. CONCLUSION Increasing citrate and spermine concentrations with age are significant and correlate well with a recently described increase of zinc in the prostate. These findings should be considered in decision-making if the values obtained from a subject are in the range of control values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dezortova
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Jiru
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Skoch
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Capek
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Ryznarova
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Vik
- Department of Urology, Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, 14000, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Hajek
- MR-Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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29
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Corbin JM, Ruiz-Echevarría MJ. One-Carbon Metabolism in Prostate Cancer: The Role of Androgen Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1208. [PMID: 27472325 PMCID: PMC5000606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell metabolism differs significantly from the metabolism of non-transformed cells. This altered metabolic reprogramming mediates changes in the uptake and use of nutrients that permit high rates of proliferation, growth, and survival. The androgen receptor (AR) plays an essential role in the establishment and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and in the metabolic adaptation that takes place during this progression. In its role as a transcription factor, the AR directly affects the expression of several effectors and regulators of essential catabolic and biosynthetic pathways. Indirectly, as a modulator of the one-carbon metabolism, the AR can affect epigenetic processes, DNA metabolism, and redox balance, all of which are important factors in tumorigenesis. In this review, we focus on the role of AR-signaling on one-carbon metabolism in tumorigenesis. Clinical implications of one-carbon metabolism and AR-targeted therapies for PCa are discussed in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Corbin
- Department of Pathology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Maria J Ruiz-Echevarría
- Department of Pathology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center and Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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30
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Madhu B, Shaw GL, Warren AY, Neal DE, Griffiths JR. Response of Degarelix treatment in human prostate cancer monitored by HR-MAS 1H NMR spectroscopy. Metabolomics 2016; 12:120. [PMID: 27429605 PMCID: PMC4927592 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-016-1055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The androgen receptor (AR) is the master regulator of prostate cancer cell metabolism. Degarelix is a novel gonadotrophin-releasing hormone blocker, used to decrease serum androgen levels in order to treat advanced human prostate cancer. Little is known of the rapid metabolic response of the human prostate cancer tissue samples to the decreased androgen levels. OBJECTIVES To investigate the metabolic responses in benign and cancerous tissue samples from patients after treatment with Degarelix by using HRMAS 1H NMR spectroscopy. METHODS Using non-destructive HR-MAS 1H NMR spectroscopy we analysed the metabolic changes induced by decreased AR signalling in human prostate cancer tissue samples. Absolute concentrations of the metabolites alanine, lactate, glutamine, glutamate, citrate, choline compounds [t-choline = choline + phosphocholine (PC) + glycerophosphocholine (GPC)], creatine compounds [t-creatine = creatine (Cr) + phosphocreatine (PCr)], taurine, myo-inositol and polyamines were measured in benign prostate tissue samples (n = 10), in prostate cancer specimens from untreated patients (n = 7) and prostate cancer specimens from patients treated with Degarelix (n = 6). RESULTS Lactate, alanine and t-choline concentrations were significantly elevated in high-grade prostate cancer samples when compared to benign samples in untreated patients. Decreased androgen levels resulted in significant decreases of lactate and t-choline concentrations in human prostate cancer biopsies. CONCLUSIONS The reduced concentrations of lactate and t-choline metabolites due to Degarelix could in principle be monitored by in vivo 1H MRS, which suggests that it would be possible to monitor the effects of physical or chemical castration in patients by that non-invasive method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basetti Madhu
- />Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| | - Greg L. Shaw
- />Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- />Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
- />University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anne Y. Warren
- />Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - David E. Neal
- />Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- />Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
- />Nuffield Department of Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - John R. Griffiths
- />Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
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31
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Burns MA, He W, Wu CL, Cheng LL. Quantitative Pathology in Tissue MR Spectroscopy Based Human Prostate Metabolomics. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 3:591-8. [PMID: 15560717 DOI: 10.1177/153303460400300609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, the clinical utility of metabolomic profiles of human prostate tissue relies on the establishment of correlations between metabolite data and clinical measurements, particularly pathological findings. Because metabolomics is a quantitative study, its clinical value can be rigorously investigated by determining its association with other quantitative measures. The human visual assessment of prostate tissue, however, introduces both inter- and intra-observer biases that may limit the reliability of its quantitations, and therefore, the strength of its correlations with metabolomic profiles. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, feasible protocol for the computer-aided image analysis (CAIA) of prostate pathology slides in order to achieve quantitative pathology from tissue samples, following metabolomic measurement with high-resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Thirty-eight samples from 29 prostatectomy cases were studied with HRMAS MRS. After spectroscopy analysis, samples were serial-sectioned, stained and visually assessed by pathologists. Cross-sections from these samples were then measured with the CAIA protocol. Results showed a two-fold difference between human visual assessments of the area percentages of tissue pathologies and CAIA area percentages obtained for the same features. Linear correlations were found between both metabolites indicative of normal epithelium and those indicative of prostate cancer, and the CAIA quantitative results. CAIA based quantitative pathology is more reliable than human visual assessment in establishing correlations useful for disease diagnosis between prostate pathology and metabolite concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Burns
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Pathology Research, CNY-7, 149, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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32
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Chen W, Lu S, Ou J, Wang G, Zu Y, Chen F, Bai C. Metabonomic characteristics and biomarker research of human lung cancer tissues by HR1H NMR spectroscopy. Cancer Biomark 2016; 16:653-64. [PMID: 27002768 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaohua Lu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxian Ou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Zu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fener Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Elwinger F, Furó I. High-resolution magic angle spinning (1) H NMR measurement of ligand concentration in solvent-saturated chromatographic beads. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:291-297. [PMID: 26791865 PMCID: PMC4819705 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A method based on (1) H high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR has been developed for measuring concentration accurately in heterogeneous materials like that of ligands in chromatography media. Ligand concentration is obtained by relating the peak integrals for a butyl ligand in the spectrum of a water-saturated chromatography medium to the integral of the added internal reference. The method is fast, with capacity of 10 min total sample preparation and analysis time per sample; precise, with a reproducibility expressed as 1.7% relative standard deviation; and accurate, as indicated by the excellent agreement of derived concentration with that obtained previously by (13) C single-pulse excitation MAS NMR. The effects of radiofrequency field inhomogeneity, spin rate, temperature increase due to spinning, and distribution and re-distribution of medium and reference solvent both inside the rotor during spinning and between bulk solvent and pore space are discussed in detail. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Elwinger
- Division of Applied Physical ChemistryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
- GE Healthcare Bio‐Sciences ABUppsalaSweden
| | - István Furó
- Division of Applied Physical ChemistryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
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34
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Kumar D, Gupta A, Nath K. NMR-based metabolomics of prostate cancer: a protagonist in clinical diagnostics. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:651-61. [PMID: 26959614 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1164037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the application of NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomic profiling of prostate cancer comprises a potential tactic for understanding the impaired biochemical pathways arising due to a disease evolvement and progression. This technique involves qualitative and quantitative estimation of plethora of small molecular weight metabolites of body fluids or tissues using state-of-the-art chemometric methods delivering an important platform for translational research from basic to clinical, to reveal the pathophysiological snapshot in a single step. This review summarizes the present arrays and recent advancements in NMR-based metabolomics and a glimpse of currently used medical imaging tactics, with their role in clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- a Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus , Lucknow , UP , India
| | - Ashish Gupta
- a Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus , Lucknow , UP , India
| | - Kavindra Nath
- b Department of Radiology , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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35
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Wang J, Liu B, Ru G, Bai J, Feng J. Effect of Urea on Phase Transition of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and Poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) Hydrogels: A Clue for Urea-Induced Denaturation. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Biaolan Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Geying Ru
- State
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Jia Bai
- State
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Feng
- State
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,
National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of
Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
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36
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Kobus T, van der Laak JAWM, Maas MC, Hambrock T, Bruggink CC, Hulsbergen-van de Kaa CA, Scheenen TWJ, Heerschap A. Contribution of Histopathologic Tissue Composition to Quantitative MR Spectroscopy and Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Prostate. Radiology 2015; 278:801-11. [PMID: 26418614 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015142889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine associations of metabolite levels derived from magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging (ie, hydrogen 1 [(1)H] MR spectroscopic imaging) and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) from diffusion-weighted imaging with prostate tissue composition assessed by digital image analysis of histologic sections. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional ethical review board approved this retrospective study and waived informed consent. Fifty-seven prostate cancer patients underwent an MR examination followed by prostatectomy. One hematoxylin and eosin-stained section of the resected prostate per patient was digitized and computationally segmented into nuclei, lumen, and combination of epithelial cytoplasm and stroma. On each stained section, regions of interest (ROIs) were chosen and matched to the corresponding ADC map and (1)H MR spectroscopic imaging voxels. ADC and two metabolite ratios (citrate [Cit], spermine [Spm], and creatine [Cr] to choline [Cho] and Cho to Cr plus Spm) were correlated with percentage areas of nuclei, lumen, and cytoplasm and stroma for peripheral zone (PZ), transition zone (TZ), and tumor tissue in both zones of the prostate by using a linear mixed-effect model and Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ). RESULTS ADC and (Cit + Spm + Cr)/Cho ratio showed positive correlation with percentage area of lumen (ρ = 0.43 and 0.50, respectively) and negative correlation with percentage area of nuclei (ρ = -0.29 and -0.26, respectively). The Cho/(Cr + Spm) ratio showed negative association with percentage area of lumen (ρ = -0.40) and positive association with area of nuclei (ρ = 0.26). Percentage areas of lumen and nuclei, (Cit + Spm + Cr)/Cho ratio, and ADC were significantly different (P < .001) between benign PZ (23.7 and 7.7, 8.83, and 1.58 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec, respectively) and tumor PZ tissue (11.4 and 12.5, 5.13, and 1.20 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec, respectively). These parameters were also significantly different between benign TZ (20.0 and 8.2, 6.50, and 1.26 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec, respectively) and tumor TZ tissue (9.8 and 11.2, 4.36, and 1.03 × 10(-3) mm(2)/sec, respectively). CONCLUSION The observed correlation of (Cit + Spm + Cr)/Cho ratio and ADC of the prostate with its tissue composition indicates that components of this composition, such as percentage luminal area, contribute to the value of these MR parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiele Kobus
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen A W M van der Laak
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marnix C Maas
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hambrock
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline C Bruggink
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christina A Hulsbergen-van de Kaa
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (T.K., M.C.M., T.H., C.C.B., T.W.J.S., A.H.) and Department of Pathology (J.A.W.M.v.d.L., C.A.H.v.d.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Lloyd SM, Arnold J, Sreekumar A. Metabolomic profiling of hormone-dependent cancers: a bird's eye view. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:477-85. [PMID: 26242817 PMCID: PMC4560106 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-dependent cancers present a significant public health challenge, because they are among the most common cancers in the world. One factor associated with cancer development and progression is metabolic reprogramming. By understanding these alterations, we can identify potential markers and novel biochemical therapeutic targets. Metabolic profiling is an advanced technology that allows investigators to assess low-molecular-weight compounds that reflect physiological alterations. Current research in metabolomics on prostate (PCa) and breast cancer (BCa) have made great strides in uncovering specific metabolic pathways that are associated with cancer development, progression, and resistance. In this review, we highlight some of the major findings and potential therapeutic advances that have been reported utilizing this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy M Lloyd
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - James Arnold
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Lucarelli G, Rutigliano M, Galleggiante V, Giglio A, Palazzo S, Ferro M, Simone C, Bettocchi C, Battaglia M, Ditonno P. Metabolomic profiling for the identification of novel diagnostic markers in prostate cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:1211-24. [PMID: 26174441 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1069711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomic profiling offers a powerful methodology for understanding the perturbations of biochemical systems occurring during a disease process. During neoplastic transformation, prostate cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to satisfy the demands of growth and proliferation. An early event in prostate cell transformation is the loss of capacity to accumulate zinc. This change is associated with a higher energy efficiency and increased lipid biosynthesis for cellular proliferation, membrane formation and cell signaling. Moreover, recent studies have shown that sarcosine, an N-methyl derivative of glycine, was significantly increased during disease progression from normal to localized to metastatic prostate cancer. Mapping the metabolomic profiles to their respective biochemical pathways showed an upregulation of androgen-induced protein synthesis, an increased amino acid metabolism and a perturbation of nitrogen breakdown pathways, along with high total choline-containing compounds and phosphocholine levels. In this review, the role of emerging biomarkers is summarized, based on the current understanding of the prostate cancer metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lucarelli
- a 1 Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation - Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Wang L, Du H, Guo X, Wang X, Wang M, Wang Y, Wang M, Chen S, Wu L, Xu A. Developmental abnormality induced by strong static magnetic field inCaenorhabditis elegans. Bioelectromagnetics 2015; 36:178-89. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.21906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Du
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Xinan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Meimei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Shaopeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
| | - An Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering; Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering; Hefei Institutes of Physical Science; Chinese Academy of Science; Hefei Anhui People's Republic of China
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Malik A, Sharma U, Lakshmy R, Narang R, Jagannathan NR. Biochemical characterization of blood plasma of coronary artery disease patients by in vitro high-resolution proton NMR spectroscopy. J Biosci 2015; 40:31-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-014-9493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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41
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Wojakowska A, Chekan M, Widlak P, Pietrowska M. Application of metabolomics in thyroid cancer research. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 2015:258763. [PMID: 25972898 PMCID: PMC4417976 DOI: 10.1155/2015/258763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with four major types distinguished on the basis of histopathological features: papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic. Classification of thyroid cancer is the primary step in the assessment of prognosis and selection of the treatment. However, in some cases, cytological and histological patterns are inconclusive; hence, classification based on histopathology could be supported by molecular biomarkers, including markers identified with the use of high-throughput "omics" techniques. Beside genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, metabolomic approach emerges as the most downstream attitude reflecting phenotypic changes and alterations in pathophysiological states of biological systems. Metabolomics using mass spectrometry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques allows qualitative and quantitative profiling of small molecules present in biological systems. This approach can be applied to reveal metabolic differences between different types of thyroid cancer and to identify new potential candidates for molecular biomarkers. In this review, we consider current results concerning application of metabolomics in the field of thyroid cancer research. Recent studies show that metabolomics can provide significant information about the discrimination between different types of thyroid lesions. In the near future, one could expect a further progress in thyroid cancer metabolomics leading to development of molecular markers and improvement of the tumor types classification and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wojakowska
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mykola Chekan
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Piotr Widlak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Monika Pietrowska
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
- *Monika Pietrowska:
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Abstract
High-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy is a nondestructive technique that is used to obtain the metabolite profile of a tissue sample. This method requires minimal sample preparation. However, it is important to handle the sample with care and keep it frozen during preparation to minimize degradation. Here, we describe a typical protocol for HR-MAS analysis of intact tissue. We also include examples of typical pulse sequence programs and quantification methods that are used today.
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Arteaga de Castro CS, Boer VO, Luttje MP, van der Velden TA, Bhogal A, van Vulpen M, Luijten PR, van der Heide UA, Klomp DWJ. Temporal B0 field variation effects on MRSI of the human prostate at 7 T and feasibility of correction using an internal field probe. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:1353-1360. [PMID: 25212868 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Spectral degradations as a result of temporal field variations are observed in MRSI of the human prostate. Moving organs generate substantial temporal and spatial field fluctuations as a result of susceptibility mismatch with the surrounding tissue (i.e. periodic breathing, cardiac motion or random bowel motion). Nine patients with prostate cancer were scanned with an endorectal coil (ERC) on a 7-T MR scanner. Temporal B0 field variations were observed with fast dynamic B0 mapping in these patients. Simulations of dynamic B0 corrections were performed using zero- to second-order shim terms. In addition, the temporal B0 variations were applied to simulated MR spectra causing, on average, 15% underestimation of the choline/citrate ratio. Linewidth distortions and frequency shifts (up to 30 and 8 Hz, respectively) were observed. To demonstrate the concept of observing local field fluctuations in real time during MRSI data acquisition, a field probe (FP) tuned and matched for the (19) F frequency was incorporated into the housing of the ERC. The data acquired with the FP were compared with the B0 field map data and used to correct the MRSI datasets retrospectively. The dynamic B0 mapping data showed variations of up to 30 Hz (0.1 ppm) over 72 s at 7 T. The simulated zero-order corrections, calculated as the root mean square, reduced the standard deviation (SD) of the dynamic variations by an average of 41%. When using second-order corrections, the reduction in the SD was, on average, 56%. The FP data showed the same variation range as the dynamic B0 data and the variation patterns corresponded. After retrospective correction, the MRSI data showed artifact reduction and improved spectral resolution. B0 variations can degrade the MRSI substantially. The simple incorporation of an FP into an ERC can improve prostate cancer MRSI without prior knowledge of the origin of the dynamic field distortions.
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Thapar R, Titus MA. Recent Advances in Metabolic Profiling And Imaging of Prostate Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 2:53-69. [PMID: 25632377 DOI: 10.2174/2213235x02666140301002510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a metabolic disease. Cancer cells, being highly proliferative, show significant alterations in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, respiration, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Metabolites like peptides, nucleotides, products of glycolysis, the TCA cycle, fatty acids, and steroids can be an important read out of disease when characterized in biological samples such as tissues and body fluids like urine, serum, etc. The cancer metabolome has been studied since the 1960s by analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Current research is focused on the identification and validation of biomarkers in the cancer metabolome that can stratify high-risk patients and distinguish between benign and advanced metastatic forms of the disease. In this review, we discuss the current state of prostate cancer metabolomics, the biomarkers that show promise in distinguishing indolent from aggressive forms of the disease, the strengths and limitations of the analytical techniques being employed, and future applications of metabolomics in diagnostic imaging and personalized medicine of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Thapar
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA
| | - Mark A Titus
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX 77030, USA
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Bezabeh T, Ijare OB, Nikulin AE, Somorjai RL, Smith IC. MRS-based Metabolomics in Cancer Research. MAGNETIC RESONANCE INSIGHTS 2014; 7:1-14. [PMID: 25114549 PMCID: PMC4122556 DOI: 10.4137/mri.s13755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a relatively new technique that is gaining importance very rapidly. MRS-based metabolomics, in particular, is becoming a useful tool in the study of body fluids, tissue biopsies and whole organisms. Advances in analytical techniques and data analysis methods have opened a new opportunity for such technology to contribute in the field of diagnostics. In the MRS approach to the diagnosis of disease, it is important that the analysis utilizes all the essential information in the spectra, is robust, and is non-subjective. Although some of the data analytic methods widely used in chemical and biological sciences are sketched, a more extensive discussion is given of a 5-stage Statistical Classification Strategy. This proposes powerful feature selection methods, based on, for example, genetic algorithms and novel projection techniques. The applications of MRS-based metabolomics in breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatobiliary cancers, gastric cancer, and brain cancer have been reviewed. While the majority of these applications relate to body fluids and tissue biopsies, some in vivo applications have also been included. It should be emphasized that the number of subjects studied must be sufficiently large to ensure a robust diagnostic classification. Before MRS-based metabolomics can become a widely used clinical tool, however, certain challenges need to be overcome. These include manufacturing user-friendly commercial instruments with all the essential features, and educating physicians and medical technologists in the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of metabolomics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tedros Bezabeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ; Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ; Innovative Biodiagnostics Inc, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Omkar B Ijare
- Department of Chemistry, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ; Innovative Biodiagnostics Inc, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | - Ian Cp Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ; Departments of Anatomy and Human Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ; Innovative Biodiagnostics Inc, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Serkova NJ, Niemann CU. Pattern recognition and biomarker validation using quantitative1H-NMR-based metabolomics. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 6:717-31. [PMID: 17009906 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.6.5.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The collection of global metabolic data and their interpretation (both spectral and biochemical) using modern spectroscopic techniques and appropriate statistical approaches, are known as 'metabolic profiling', 'metabonomics' or 'metabolomics'. This review addresses 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic principles and their application in biomedical science, with special emphasis on their potential in translational research in transplantation, oncology, and drug toxicity or discovery. Various steps in metabolomics analysis are described in order to illustrate the types of biological samples, their respective handling and preparation for 1H-NMR analysis; provide a rationale for using pattern-recognition techniques (spectral database concept) versus quantitative 1H-NMR-based metabolomics (metabolite database concept); and identify necessary technological and logistical future developments that will allow 1H-NMR-based metabolomics to become an established tool in biomedical research and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Serkova
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Biomedical MRI/MRS Cancer Center Core, Department of Anesthesiology, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
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Kumar V, Dwivedi DK, Jagannathan NR. High-resolution NMR spectroscopy of human body fluids and tissues in relation to prostate cancer. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:80-89. [PMID: 23828638 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution NMR spectroscopic studies of prostate tissue extracts, prostatic fluid, seminal fluid, serum and urine can be used for the detection of prostate cancer, based on the differences in their metabolic profiles. Useful diagnostic information is obtained by the detection or quantification of as many metabolites as possible and comparison with normal samples. Only a few studies have shown the potential of high-resolution in vitro NMR of prostate tissues. A survey of the literature has revealed that studies on body fluids, such as urine and serum, in relation to prostate cancer are rare. In addition, the potential of NMR of nuclei other than (1)H, such as (13)C and (31)P, has not been exploited fully. The metabolomic analysis of metabolites, detected by high-resolution NMR, may help to identify metabolites which could serve as useful biomarkers for prostate cancer detection. Such NMR-derived biomarkers would not only help in prostate cancer detection and in understanding the in vivo MRS metabolic profile, but also to investigate the biochemical and metabolic changes associated with cancer. Here, we review the published research work on body fluids in relation to prostate and prostate tissue extracts, and highlight the potential of such studies for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Kumar
- Department of NMR & MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Thomas MA, Nagarajan R, Huda A, Margolis D, Sarma MK, Sheng K, Reiter RE, Raman SS. Multidimensional MR spectroscopic imaging of prostate cancer in vivo. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:53-66. [PMID: 23904127 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common type of cancer among men in the United States. A major limitation in the management of PCa is an inability to distinguish, early on, cancers that will progress and become life threatening. One-dimensional (1D) proton ((1)H) MRS of the prostate provides metabolic information such as levels of choline (Ch), creatine (Cr), citrate (Cit), and spermine (Spm) that can be used to detect and diagnose PCa. Ex vivo high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) of PCa specimens has revealed detection of more metabolites such as myo-inositol (mI), glutamate (Glu), and glutamine (Gln). Due to the J-modulation and signal overlap, it is difficult to quantitate Spm and other resonances in the prostate clearly by single- and multivoxel-based 1D MR spectroscopy. This limitation can be minimized by adding at least one more spectral dimension by which resonances can be spread apart, thereby increasing the spectral dispersion. However, recording of multivoxel-based two-dimensional (2D) MRS such as J-resolved spectroscopy (JPRESS) and correlated spectroscopy (L-COSY) combined with 2D or three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) using conventional phase-encoding can be prohibitively long to be included in a clinical protocol. To reduce the long acquisition time required for spatial encoding, the echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) technique has been combined with correlated spectroscopy to give four-dimensional (4D) echo-planar correlated spectroscopic imaging (EP-COSI) as well as J-resolved spectroscopic imaging (EP-JRESI) and the multi-echo (ME) variants. Further acceleration can be achieved using non-uniform undersampling (NUS) and reconstruction using compressed sensing (CS). Earlier versions of 2D MRS, theory of 2D MRS, spectral apodization filters, newer developments and the potential role of multidimensional MRS in PCa detection and management will be reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Albert Thomas
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Keun H. Metabolomic Studies of Patient Material by High-Resolution Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Methods Enzymol 2014; 543:297-313. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801329-8.00015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Kobus T, Wright AJ, Scheenen TWJ, Heerschap A. Mapping of prostate cancer by 1H MRSI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:39-52. [PMID: 23761200 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In many studies, it has been demonstrated that (1)H MRSI of the human prostate has great potential to aid prostate cancer management, e.g. in the detection and localisation of cancer foci in the prostate or in the assessment of its aggressiveness. It is particularly powerful in combination with T2 -weighted MRI. Nevertheless, the technique is currently mainly used in a research setting. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of three-dimensional MRSI, including the specific hardware required, dedicated data acquisition sequences and information on the spectral content with background on the MR-visible metabolites. In clinical practice, it is important that relevant MRSI results become available rapidly, reliably and in an easy digestible way. However, this functionality is currently not fully available for prostate MRSI, which is a major obstacle for routine use by inexperienced clinicians. Routine use requires more automation in the processing of raw data than is currently available. Therefore, we pay specific attention in this review on the status and prospects of the automated handling of prostate MRSI data, including quality control. The clinical potential of three-dimensional MRSI of the prostate is illustrated with literature examples on prostate cancer detection, its localisation in the prostate, its role in the assessment of cancer aggressiveness and in the selection and monitoring of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiele Kobus
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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