Palmer JH, Parkin G. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of 1-Arylimidazole-2-thiones and
N,
N'-Aryldiethoxyethylthioureas with Electronically Diverse Substituents: A Manifold of Hydrogen Bonding Networks.
NEW J CHEM 2014;
38:4071-4082. [PMID:
25214759 PMCID:
PMC4157683 DOI:
10.1039/c4nj00521j]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 1-arylimidazole-2-thiones, (HmimAr) [Ar = 3,4,5-C6H2(OMe)3, 2,4-C6H3(NO2)(OMe), 2,4,6-C6H2Cl3 and 3,5-C6H3(CF3)2], which feature electronically diverse substituents, may be obtained via acid-catalyzed ring closure of the corresponding N,N'-aryldiethoxyethylthiourea derivatives, ArN(H)C(S)N(H)CH2CH(OEt)2, (H2detuAr), which in turn are obtained via treatment of aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal, H2NCH2CH(OEt)2, with the respective arylisothiocyanates (ArNCS). The molecular structures of all of the above N,N'-aryldiethoxyethylthioureas and 1-arylimidazole-2-thiones have been determined by X-ray diffraction, thereby demonstrating that the substituents have a profound effect on the crystal structures. For example, each of the N,N'-aryldiethoxyethylthiourea derivatives adopts a different hydrogen bonding pattern. Specifically, the hydrogen-bonding network in (i) H2detuArCl3 consists of chains of 9-membered rings, with an [ [Formula: see text](9)] motif, that feature one N-H ⋯ O and one N-H ⋯ S interaction, (ii) H2detuArOMe,NO2 consists of chains of 6-membered rings, with an [ [Formula: see text](6)] motif, that feature two head-to-tail N-H ⋯ S interactions, (iii) H2detuAr(CF3)2 consists of a dimer that features two pairs of N-H ⋯ O interactions, of which each pair is a component of an 8-membered ring with an [ [Formula: see text](8)] motif, and (iv) H2detuAr(OMe)3 consists of a chain of head-to-head dimeric rings with a basic [ [Formula: see text](16)] motif, a notable feature of which is that sulfur does not play a role as a hydrogen bond acceptor. Each of the 1-arylimidazole-2-thiones exists as a "head-to-head" hydrogen-bonded dimer in the solid state, with an [ [Formula: see text](8)] motif. However, while the hydrogen-bonded motifs for HmimArCl3 and HmimAr(OMe)3 are planar, those for HmimAr(CF3)2 and HmimArOMe,NO2 are extremely puckered, with fold angles of 24.2° (mean value) and 45.7°, respectively.
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