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Tao D, Li T, Tang Y, Gui H, Cao Y, Xu F. Mo 3S 13 Cluster-Based Cathodes for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries: Reversible Magnesium Association/Dissociation at the Bridging Disulfur along with Sulfur-Sulfur Bond Break/Formation. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38334264 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Multivalent cation batteries are attracting increasing attention in energy-storage applications, but reversible storage of highly polarizing multivalent cations is a major difficulty for the electrode materials. In the present study, charge-delocalizing Mo3S13 cluster-based materials (crystalline (NH4)2Mo3S13 and amorphous MoSx) are designed and investigated as cathodes for rechargeable magnesium batteries. Both of the cathodes show high magnesium storage capacities (296 and 302 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1) and superior rate performances (76 and 80 mAh g-1 at 15 A g-1). A high area loading of 3.0 mg cm-2 could be achieved. These performances are of the highest level compared with those of reported magnesium storage materials. Further mechanism study and theoretical computation demonstrate the magnesium storage active sites are the bridging disulfur groups of the Mo3S13 cluster. The valence state of bridging disulfur decreases/increases largely during magnesiation/demagnesiation along with breaking/formation of the sulfur-sulfur bond, which makes the Mg-association/dissociation highly reversible. The sulfur-sulfur bond breaking and formation provides high reversible capacities. Prominently, the valence state increase and sulfur-sulfur bond formation of the bridging disulfur during charge weakens the bonding with Mg2+, significantly assisting the magnesium dissociation. The present study not only develops high-performance magnesium storage cathode materials but also demonstrates the importance of constructing favorable magnesium storage active sites in the high-performance cathode materials design. The findings presented herein are of great significance for the development of electrode materials for the storage of multivalent cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, Ministry of Education, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yudi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, Ministry of Education, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongda Gui
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, Ministry of Education, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuliang Cao
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry & Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, Ministry of Education, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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2
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Batool S, Nandan SP, Myakala SN, Rajagopal A, Schubert JS, Ayala P, Naghdi S, Saito H, Bernardi J, Streb C, Cherevan A, Eder D. Surface Anchoring and Active Sites of [Mo 3S 13] 2- Clusters as Co-Catalysts for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Catal 2022; 12:6641-6650. [PMID: 35692252 PMCID: PMC9171716 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Achieving light-driven
splitting of water with high efficiency
remains a challenging task on the way to solar fuel exploration. In
this work, to combine the advantages of heterogeneous and homogeneous
photosystems, we covalently anchor noble-metal- and carbon-free thiomolybdate
[Mo3S13]2– clusters onto photoactive
metal oxide supports to act as molecular co-catalysts for photocatalytic
water splitting. We demonstrate that strong and surface-limited binding
of the [Mo3S13]2– to the oxide
surfaces takes place. The attachment involves the loss of the majority
of the terminal S22– groups, upon which
Mo–O–Ti bonds with the hydroxylated TiO2 surface
are established. The heterogenized [Mo3S13]2– clusters are active and stable co-catalysts for the
light-driven hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with performance close
to the level of the benchmark Pt. Optimal HER rates are achieved for
2 wt % cluster loadings, which we relate to the accessibility of the
TiO2 surface required for efficient hole scavenging. We
further elucidate the active HER sites by applying thermal post-treatments
in air and N2. Our data demonstrate the importance of the
trinuclear core of the [Mo3S13]2– cluster and suggest bridging S22– and
vacant coordination sites at the Mo centers as likely HER active sites.
This work provides a prime example for the successful heterogenization
of an inorganic molecular cluster as a co-catalyst for light-driven
HER and gives the incentive to explore other thio(oxo)metalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Batool
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/02, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sreejith P. Nandan
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/02, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ashwene Rajagopal
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jasmin S. Schubert
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/02, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pablo Ayala
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/02, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shaghayegh Naghdi
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/02, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hikaru Saito
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- University Service Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy (USTEM), TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carsten Streb
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexey Cherevan
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/02, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Eder
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/02, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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3
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Fominski V, Romanov R, Fominski D, Soloviev A, Rubinkovskaya O, Demin M, Maksimova K, Shvets P, Goikhman A. Performance and Mechanism of Photoelectrocatalytic Activity of MoS x/WO 3 Heterostructures Obtained by Reactive Pulsed Laser Deposition for Water Splitting. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050871. [PMID: 32365935 PMCID: PMC7279322 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This work studies the factors that affect the efficiency of the photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using MoSx/WO3 nano-heterostructures obtained by reactive pulsed laser deposition (RPLD) on glass substrates covered with fluorinated tin oxide (FTO). Another focus of the research is the potential of MoSx nanofilms as a precursor for MoOz(S) nanofilms, which enhance the efficiency of the photo-activated oxygen evolution reaction (OER) using the MoOz(S)/WO3/FTO heterostructures. The nanocrystalline WO3 film was created by laser ablation of a W target in dry air at a substrate temperature of 420 °C. Amorphous MoSx nanofilms (2 ≤ x ≤ 12) were obtained by laser ablation of an Mo target in H2S gas of varied pressure at room temperature of the substrate. Studies of the energy band structures showed that for all MoSx/WO3/FTO samples, photo-activated HER in an acid solution proceeded through the Z-scheme. The highest photoelectrochemical HER efficiency (a photocurrent density ~1 mA/cm2 at a potential of ~0 V under Xe lamp illumination (~100 mW/cm2)) was found for porous MoS4.5 films containing the highest concentration of catalytically active sites attributed to S ligands. During the anodic posttreatment of porous MoSx nanofilms, MoOz(S) films with a narrow energy band gap were formed. The highest OER efficiency (a photocurrent density ~5.3 mA/cm2 at 1.6 V) was detected for MoOz(S)/WO3/FTO photoanodes that were prepared by posttreatment of the MoSx~3.2 precursor. The MoOz(S) film contributed to the effective photogeneration of electron–hole pairs that was followed by the transport of photoelectrons from MoOz(S) into the WO3 film and the effective participation of holes possessing strong oxidation ability in the OER on the surface of the MoOz(S) film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav Fominski
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Sh. 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.); (D.F.); (A.S.); (O.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-903-242-2154
| | - Roman Romanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Sh. 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.); (D.F.); (A.S.); (O.R.)
| | - Dmitry Fominski
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Sh. 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.); (D.F.); (A.S.); (O.R.)
| | - Alexey Soloviev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Sh. 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.); (D.F.); (A.S.); (O.R.)
| | - Oxana Rubinkovskaya
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe Sh. 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (R.R.); (D.F.); (A.S.); (O.R.)
| | - Maxim Demin
- REC “Functional Nanomaterials”, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Aleksandra Nevskogo St. 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.D.); (K.M.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Ksenia Maksimova
- REC “Functional Nanomaterials”, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Aleksandra Nevskogo St. 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.D.); (K.M.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Pavel Shvets
- REC “Functional Nanomaterials”, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Aleksandra Nevskogo St. 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.D.); (K.M.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandr Goikhman
- REC “Functional Nanomaterials”, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Aleksandra Nevskogo St. 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia; (M.D.); (K.M.); (P.S.); (A.G.)
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4
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Fominski V, Demin M, Nevolin V, Fominski D, Romanov R, Gritskevich M, Smirnov N. Reactive Pulsed Laser Deposition of Clustered-Type MoS x ( x ~ 2, 3, and 4) Films and Their Solid Lubricant Properties at Low Temperature. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E653. [PMID: 32244608 PMCID: PMC7221609 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We studied the tribological properties of amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoSx) thin-film coatings during sliding friction in an oxidizing environment at a low temperature (-100 °C). To obtain films with different sulfur contents (x ~ 2, 3, and 4), we used reactive pulsed laser deposition, where laser ablation of the Mo target was performed in H2S at various pressures. The lowest coefficient of friction (0.08) was observed during tribo-testing of the MoS3 coating. This coating had good ductility and low wear; the wear of a steel counterbody was minimal. The MoS2 coating had the best wear resistance, due to the tribo-film adhering well to the coating in the wear track. Tribo-modification of the MoS2 coating, however, caused a higher coefficient of friction (0.16) and the most intensive wear of the counterbody. The MoS4 coating had inferior tribological properties. This study explored the mechanisms of possible tribo-chemical changes and structural rearrangements in MoSx coatings upon contact with a counterbody when exposed to oxygen and water. The properties of the tribo-film and the efficiency of its transfer onto the coating and/or the counterbody largely depended on local atomic packing of the nanoclusters that formed the structure of the amorphous MoSx films.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Fominski
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (V.N.); (D.F.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - M. Demin
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia;
| | - V. Nevolin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (V.N.); (D.F.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - D. Fominski
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (V.N.); (D.F.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - R. Romanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (V.N.); (D.F.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - M. Gritskevich
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe sh., 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia; (V.N.); (D.F.); (R.R.); (M.G.)
| | - N. Smirnov
- Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bardina St 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
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5
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Duong TM, Nguyen PD, Nguyen AD, Le LT, Nguyen LT, Pham HV, Tran PD. Insights into the Electrochemical Polymerization of [Mo
3
S
13
]
2−
Generating Amorphous Molybdenum Sulfide. Chemistry 2019; 25:13676-13682. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan M. Duong
- University of Science and Technology of HanoiVietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Phuc D. Nguyen
- Institute of Materials ScienceVietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Anh D. Nguyen
- University of Science and Technology of HanoiVietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Ly T. Le
- University of Science and Technology of HanoiVietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Loan T. Nguyen
- Institute of Materials ScienceVietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Hai V. Pham
- Hanoi National University of Education 136 Xuan Thuy Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Phong D. Tran
- University of Science and Technology of HanoiVietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Vietnam
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6
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Gushchin AL, Laricheva YA, Sokolov MN, Llusar R. Tri- and tetranuclear molybdenum and tungsten chalcogenide clusters: on the way to new materials and catalysts. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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7
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Li Y, Nakamura R. Structural change of molybdenum sulfide facilitates the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction at neutral pH as revealed by in situ Raman spectroscopy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Hellstern TR, Kibsgaard J, Tsai C, Palm DW, King LA, Abild-Pedersen F, Jaramillo TF. Investigating Catalyst–Support Interactions To Improve the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity of Thiomolybdate [Mo3S13]2– Nanoclusters. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Hellstern
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jakob Kibsgaard
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT
Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Charlie Tsai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - David W. Palm
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Laurie A. King
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Frank Abild-Pedersen
- SUNCAT
Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas F. Jaramillo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT
Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo
Park, California 94025, United States
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9
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Khaemba DN, Neville A, Morina A. New insights on the decomposition mechanism of Molybdenum DialkyldiThioCarbamate (MoDTC): a Raman spectroscopic study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00652c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A new decomposition mechanism for molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, a friction modifier used in engine lubricants, has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris N. Khaemba
- Institute of Functional Surfaces
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Leeds
- LS2 9JT Leeds
- UK
| | - Anne Neville
- Institute of Functional Surfaces
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Leeds
- LS2 9JT Leeds
- UK
| | - Ardian Morina
- Institute of Functional Surfaces
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Leeds
- LS2 9JT Leeds
- UK
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10
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Wang Y, Chen JS, Yuan HM, Shi Z, Yu SF, Chen W. Synthesis and Characterization of Ethylenediammonium Molybdenum Thiocomplex [H3NCH2CH2NH3][Mo3S13]. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20010190710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Llusar R, Vicent C. Trinuclear molybdenum cluster sulfides coordinated to dithiolene ligands and their use in the development of molecular conductors. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Aghatabay NM, Tulu M, Mahmiani Y, Somer M, Dulger B. FT-Raman, FT-IR, NMR structural characterization and antimicrobial activities of 1,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)-3,4-dithiahexane ligand and its Hg(II) halide complexes. Struct Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-007-9253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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15
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Garriga JM, Llusar R, Uriel S, Vicent C, Usher AJ, Lucas NT, Humphrey MG, Samoc M. Synthesis and third-order nonlinear optical properties of [Mo3(μ3-S)(μ2-S2)3]4+clusters with maleonitriledithiolate, oxalate and thiocyanate ligands. Dalton Trans 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b307753e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Abstract
Reaction of [Mo3Y(mu-S)3(dtp)4(H2O)] (Y = O, S; dtp = S2P(OC2H5)2(-)) with HgI2 gave the novel compound [[Mo3S7(dtp)3]4 x I][(HgI3)3] x 4H2O (1), which contains a [[Mo3S7(dtp)3]4 x I] tetramer and (HgI3)-. Compound 1 has been characterized by IR, Raman, UV/Vis, and NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It is shown that this formation process can be referred to as a new cluster reaction. The structure and spectroscopic data of the tetramer is also compared with that of the related discrete cluster [Mo3S7(dtp)3 x I]. Crystal data: space group F23, a = 26.786(3) A, V = 19218.7(4) A3, Z = 4, R = 0.059.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou
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17
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Mayor-López MJ, Weber J, Hegetschweiler K, Meienberger MD, Joho F, Leoni S, Nesper R, Reiss GJ, Frank W, Kolesov BA, Fedin VP, Fedorov VE. Structure and Reactivity of [Mo(3)-&mgr;(3)S-(&mgr;S(2))(3)](4+) Complexes. Quantum Chemical Calculations, X-ray Structural Characterization, and Raman Spectroscopic Measurements. Inorg Chem 1998; 37:2633-2644. [PMID: 11670397 DOI: 10.1021/ic971214t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of compounds containing the [Mo(3)-&mgr;(3)S-(&mgr;S(2))(3)-(dtc)(3)](+) complex (dtc = diethyldithiocarbamate) with the anions I(-) (1), I(-) and Br(-) (2), S(2)(-) (3), ClO(4)(-) (4), NO(3)(-) (5), and SO(4)(2)(-) (6) was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy, and FAB mass spectrometry. The previously reported crystal structure of 1 was reinvestigated. The X-ray analysis revealed the incorporation of CH(2)Cl(2) in the crystal having the composition [Mo(3)S(7)(dtc)(3)]I.0.5CH(2)Cl(2) (1a), which was in contradiction to the previous protocol. The corresponding ClO(4)(-) compound (4a) is isotypic. Crystal data: C(15.5)H(31)Cl(2)Mo(3)N(3)O(4)S(13), orthorhombic space group Aba2, a = 25.816(5) Å, b = 17.761(4) Å, c = 16.250(3) Å, Z = 8. For 1a, 4a, 6, and the previously analyzed 2 and 3 the crystal structures revealed characteristic interactions between the anions X and the three axial (out-of-plane) sulfur atoms S(ax) of the disulfido bridges. The Raman data showed a significant decrease of the S(eq)-S(ax) stretch resonance frequency in the order 4, 5, 6 > 1 > 3. This decrease is paralleled with a slight increase of the S(eq)-S(ax) bond length and with a significant shortening of the X.S(ax) distances when compared to the sum of the corresponding van der Waals radii. A comprehensive quantum chemical study, using both density functional theory and semiempirical calculations, revealed that for hard counterions such as NO(3)(-) and ClO(4)(-) the S(ax).X interactions can be understood in terms of an almost entirely electrostatic interaction, whereas for soft nucleophiles such as I(-) and S(2)(-) significant covalency is observed. In addition, the general reaction of [Mo(3)S(7)](4+) complexes with a nucleophile was modeled. With regard to the side-on bonding of the &mgr;-S(2) groups to Mo, the calculations indicated a significantly higher bond energy for the axial (out-of-plane) sulfur atoms, explaining the much higher lability of the sulfur atoms in the equatorial (in-plane) position. Analogous differences for the ligating atoms of the peripheral ligands, having a cis and trans position with respect to &mgr;(3)-S, are less pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Mayor-López
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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18
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Discrete Variational (DV)-X? Calculations of Incomplete Cubane-Type Molybdenum Clusters [Mo3X4(H2O)9]4+ (X= O,S)1. J CLUST SCI 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01165770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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M�ller A, Wittneben V, Krickemeyer E, B�gge H, Lemke M. Studies on the triangular cluster [Mo3S13]2?: Electronic structure (X? calculations, XPS), crystal structure of (Ph4As)2[Mo3S13]. 2CH3CN and a refinement of the crystal structure of (NH4)2[Mo3s13]�H2O. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19916050121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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A. Spevack P, McIntyre S. Reactivity and stability of sulphided thin films of molybdenum to dry air. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-9834(00)81561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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