Surface complexation of [Nb6O19]8− with NiII: solvothermal synthesis and X-ray structural characterization of two novel heterometallic NiNb-polyoxometalates

Synthesis and crystal structure of bis-[μ-N,N-bis-(2-amino-eth-yl)ethane-1,2-di-amine]-bis-[N,N-bis-(2-amino-eth-yl)ethane-1,2-di-amine]-μ4-oxido-hexa-μ3-oxido-octa-μ2-oxido-tetra-oxido-tetra-nickel(II)hexa-tantalum(V) nona-deca-hydrate

Reaction of K8{Ta6O19}·16H2O with [Ni(tren)(H2O)Cl]Cl·H2O in different solvents led to the formation of single crystals of the title compound, [Ni4Ta6O19(C6H18N4)4]·19H2O or {[Ni2(κ4-tren)(μ-κ3-tren)]2Ta6O19}·19H2O (tren is N,N-bis-(2-amino-eth-yl)-1,2-ethanediamine, C6H18N4). In its crystal structure, one Lindqvist-type anion {Ta6O19}8- (point group symmetry ) is connected to two NiII cations, with both of them coordinated by one tren ligand into discrete units. Both NiII cations are sixfold coordinated by O atoms of the anion and N atoms of the organic ligand, resulting in slightly distorted [NiON5] octa-hedra for one and [NiO3N3] octa-hedra for the other cation. These clusters are linked by inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding involving water mol-ecules into layers parallel to the bc plane. Some of these water mol-ecules are positionally disordered and were refined using a split model. Powder X-ray diffraction revealed that a pure crystalline phase was obtained but that on storage at room-temperature this compound decomposed because of the loss of crystal water mol-ecules.

Synthesis, crystal structure and selected properties of K2[Ni(dien)2]{[Ni(dien)]2Ta6O19}·11 H2O

The new compound K2[Ni(dien)2]{[Ni(dien)]2Ta6O19}·11 H2O crystallized at room temperature applying a diffusion based reaction in a H2O/DMSO mixture using K8{Ta6O19}·16 H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and dien (diethylenetriamine). In the crystal structure, the Lindqvist-type anion [Ta6O19]8– is structurally expanded by two octahedrally Ni2+-centered complexes via three Ni–µ 2-O–Ta bonds thus generating the new {[Ni(dien)]2Ta6O19}4– anion. Two KO8 polyhedra share a common edge to form a K2O14 moiety, which connects the {[Ni(dien)]2Ta6O19}4– cluster shells into chains. The isolated [Ni(dien)2]2+ complexes are located in voids generated by the structural arrangement of the chains. An extended hydrogen bonding network between the different constituents generates a 3D network. The crystal water molecules can be thermally removed to form a highly crystalline dehydrated compound. Partial water uptake leads to the formation of a crystalline intermediate with a reduced unit cell volume compared to the fully hydrated sample. Water sorption experiments demonstrate that the fully dehydrated sample can be fully reconverted to the hydrated compound. The crystal field splitting parameters for the octahedrally coordinated Ni2+-centered complexes have been evaluated from an UV/Vis spectrum yielding D q = 1056 cm−1 and B = 887 cm−1.

Hexaniobate anions connected by [Ni(cyclam)]2+ complexes yield two interpenetrating three-dimensional networks

Syntheses were performed at room temperature using Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, cyclam (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) and the precursors Li8[Nb6O19]· ≈22H2O or Na7[HNb6O19]·15H2O in a DMSO-H2O mixture. Yellow crystals of the new compound {[Ni(cyclam)]2H4Nb6O19}·12H2O could be obtained after one week applying the Li+ or Na+ salt as starting materials. The crystal structure is unique in polyoxoniobate (PONb) chemistry and displays two interpenetrating three-dimensional (3D) networks. The [Nb6O19]8– anion is expanded by four Ni2+ centered complexes via Ni–O bonds to terminal O2− anions of the hexaniobate anion. The 3D networks are generated by further Ni–O bond formation between neighboring [Nb6O19]8− anions. The remaining void space is occupied by H2O molecules which form a water cluster.

A 1D Helical Chain Heterpolyniobate Templated by AsO33

A novel polyoxoniobate cluster directed by AsO₃^3-, {[Cu(phen)]₅[Nb₆O₁₉][As₂Nb₆O₂₂]}₂ (1a), has been successfully synthesized by a "two-pot" strategy, namely, the conventional aqueous solution and diffusional methods. It incorporates two {[Cu(phen)]₂Nb₆O₁₉} and two {[Cu(phen)]₃As₂Nb₆O₂₂} subunits. Surprisingly, by changing the reaction conditions, one of the subunits {[Cu(phen)]₂Nb₆O₁₉} was isolated as a guanidinium salt. These architectures were structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, TGA, IR, elemental analysis and PXRD, etc. Furthermore, the behavior of 1 in aqueous solution was measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and the magnetic property in the low temperature range indicates the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions.

Unprecedented high-nuclear transition-metal-cluster-substituted heteropolyoxoniobates: synthesis by {V8 } ring insertion into the POM matrix and antitumor activities

Reactions of hexaniobate with vanadate in the presence of Ni(2+) , Zn(2+) , or Cu(2+) have furnished three high-nuclear vanadium cluster-substituted heteropolyoxoniobates (HPNs): {Ni(en)3 }5 H{V(V) Nb8 V(IV) 8 O44 }⋅9 H2 O (1), (H2 en)Na2 [{Zn(en)2 (Hen)}{Zn(en)2 (H2 O)}2 {PNb8 V(IV) 8 O44 }]⋅11 H2 O (2), and Na{Cu(en)2 }3 {[Cu(en)2 ]2 [PNb8 V(IV) 8 O44 ]}⋅11 H2 O (3) (en=1,2-diaminoethane). Their structures have been determined and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and elemental analysis. Structural analysis has revealed that compounds 1-3 contain similar {V8 }-substituted [X(V) Nb8 V(IV) 8 O44 ](11-) (X=P, V) clusters, obtained by inserting a {V8 } ring into tetravacant HPN [XNb8 O36 ](27-) . To the best of our knowledge, compounds 1-3 represent the first high-nuclear vanadium cluster-substituted HPNs, and compound 1 is the largest vanadoniobate cluster yet obtained in HPN chemistry. Nickel and zinc cations have been introduced into HPNs for the first time, which might promise a more diverse set of structures in this family. Antitumor studies have indicated that compounds 1 and 2 exhibit high activity against human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, SC-1680 cells, and MG-63 cells.

Copper-Linked Hexaniobate Lindqvist ClustersVariations on a Theme

Four new one-dimensional materials and one dimer complex based on the linkage of [Nb6O19] clusters and [CuLx] (L=ethylenediamine (en), NH3, H2O) assemble under ambient conditions. These phases include the following: Rb4[Cu(en)2(H2O)2]3[(Nb6O19H2)2Cu(en)2].24H2O (1), space group P; [Cu(en)2(H2O)2]2[(Nb6O19H2)Cu(en)2].14H2O (2), space group P; Rb2[Cu(NH3)2(H2O)4][Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2{[Nb6O19][Cu(NH3)]2}(2).6H2O (3), space group P; {[Nb6O19][Cu(NH3)2(H2O)]2[Cu(H2O)4]2}.3H2O (4), space group P2/n; and {[Nb6O19][Cu(NH3)2(H2O)]2[Cu(H2O)4]2} (5), space group C2/m. All structures have been solved by single-crystal methods, and compounds 1-5 were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform IR, chemical analysis, and magnetic measurements. It has been demonstrated that the conformation, charge, and geometry of the [Nb6O19]-[CuLx] chains can be modulated by varying the type and amount of the [CuLx]2+ species. The charge balance is provided by mixed Rb+/[CuLx]2+ or [CuLx]2+ cations only for structures 1-3, whereas 4 and 5 are neutral chains with no counterions. There are weak antiferromagnetic Cu2+-Cu2+ interactions in all phases. Compounds 2-5 represent the first examples in which the [Nb6O19] Lindqvist ion forms extended solids rather than dimers or decorated monomers when reacted with transition-metal, cationic complexes.

Complex Formation of Vanadium(IV) with 1,3,5-Triamino-1,3,5-trideoxy-cis-inositol and Related Ligands

The complex formation of vanadium(IV) with 1,3,5-triamino-1,3,5-trideoxy-cis-inositol (taci) and 1,3,5-trideoxy-1,3,5-tris(dimethylamino)-cis-inositol (tdci) was studied in aqueous solution and in the solid state. The formation constants of [V(IV)O(taci)](2+), [V(IV)O(tdci)](2+), and [V(IV)(tdci)(2)](4+) and of the deprotonation product [V(IV)(tdci)(2)H(-)(1)](3+) were determined (25 degrees C, 0.1 M KNO(3)). Cyclic voltammetry measurements established a reversible one-electron transfer for the [V(IV)(tdci)(2)H(-)(m)]((4)(-)(m))/[V(III)(tdci)(2)H(-)(n)]((3)(-)(n)) couple (0 <or= n, m <or= 6) with a strongly pH-dependent E(1/2)(obs) (+0.15 V at pH 5, -0.57 V at pH 13.5). Slightly more negative potentials were measured for the taci complexes. An additional quasi-reversible electron transfer at strongly positive potentials (1.2-0.5 V) was assigned to the [V(V)(taci)(2)H(-)(m)]((5)(-)(m))/[V(IV)(taci)(2)H(-)(n)]((4)(-)(n)) couple. The structures of [V(IV)(taci)(2)](SO(4))(2).12H(2)O (1), [V(IV)(tdci)(2)][V(4)(V)O(12)].14.5H(2)O (2), and [V(IV)(tdci)(2)H(-)(1)]Cl(3).15H(2)O (3) were determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The cations of 1-3 exhibit a structure of approximate D(3)(d) symmetry. The vanadium centers have an almost regular octahedral geometry. The coordinated oxygen donors are deprotonated, and their protons are transferred to the amino groups which act as internal bases. For both ligands, EPR measurements support the formation of non-oxo V(IV) complexes, with a d(z)2 ground state, in aqueous solution above pH 7. The spectral features are indicative of hexacoordinated complexes with a geometry distorted toward a trigonal prism. Finally, a mechanism is proposed for the decomposition of [V(IV)L(2)H(-)(x)]((4)(-)(x)) (L = taci and tdci) in strongly alkaline media (pH approximately 13).