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Zhong W, Sun B, Ruan H, Yang G, Qian B, Cao H, He L, Fan Y, Roberts AG, Liu X, Hu X, Liang Y, Ye Q, Yin T, Wang B, Yang C, Sun T, Zhou H. Deglycosylated Azithromycin Targets Transgelin to Enhance Intestinal Smooth Muscle Function. iScience 2020; 23:101464. [PMID: 32889431 PMCID: PMC7479357 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Azithromycin (AZM) has been widely used as an antibacterial drug for many years. It has also been used to treat delayed gastric emptying. However, it exerts several side effects. We found that deglycosylated AZM (Deg-AZM or CP0119), an AZM metabolite, is a positively strong intestinal agonist that may result in the intestinal mobility experienced by patients after AZM administration. We confirmed that Deg-AZM can function strongly on intestinal peristalsis and identified transgelin as its potential molecular target. Furthermore, our pharmacological studies showed that the binding of Deg-AZM to transgelin enhanced the contractility of intestinal smooth muscle cells by facilitating the assembly of actin filaments into tight bundles and stress fibers. Specifically, Deg-AZM promoted intestinal peristaltic activity in wild-type mice but not in transgelin (-/-) mice. Moreover, Deg-AZM did not exert antibacterial activity and did not disrupt intestinal flora. Thus, Deg-AZM may become a potential drug for slow-transit constipation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Hao Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Baoxin Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Lingfei He
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yunjing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Arthur G. Roberts
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
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Badri M, Patel A, Patel C, Liu G, Goldstein M, Robinson VM, Xue X, Yang L, Kowey PR, Yan GX. Mexiletine Prevents Recurrent Torsades de Pointes in Acquired Long QT Syndrome Refractory to Conventional Measures. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2015; 1:315-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Takahara A, Sugiyama A, Satoh Y, Hashimoto K. Effects of mexiletine on the canine model of sparfloxacin-induced long QT syndrome. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 476:115-22. [PMID: 12969756 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(03)02127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Potential utility of mexiletine for the treatment of sparfloxacin-induced long QT syndrome was assessed using the in vivo halothane-anesthetized canine model. At 30 min after the administration of a supratherapeutic dose of sparfloxacin (30 mg/kg, i.v.), the mean blood pressure and heart rate decreased, whereas repolarization process and effective refractory period of the ventricular muscle were significantly prolonged. Additional administration of a clinically recommended dose of mexiletine (3 mg/kg, i.v.) at this time point increased the mean blood pressure, suppressed ventricular contraction, delayed atrioventricular as well as intraventricular conduction, and shortened repolarization process and effective refractory period. The extent of abbreviation of the repolarization was more prominent than that of the refractoriness, indicating that mexiletine could decrease the electrical vulnerability of the heart during sparfloxacin overdose. Thus, mexiletine may become a promising pharmacological strategy against the drug-induced long QT syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Takahara
- Department of Pharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Tamaho-cho, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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