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Wan M, Zhao H, Guo J, Yan L, Zhang D, Bai W, Li Y. Comparison of C-phycocyanin from extremophilic Galdieria sulphuraria and Spirulina platensis on stability and antioxidant capacity. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nguyen AY, Bricker WP, Zhang H, Weisz DA, Gross ML, Pakrasi HB. The proteolysis adaptor, NblA, binds to the N-terminus of β-phycocyanin: Implications for the mechanism of phycobilisome degradation. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 132:95-106. [PMID: 28078551 PMCID: PMC5576716 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phycobilisome (PBS) complexes are massive light-harvesting apparati in cyanobacteria that capture and funnel light energy to the photosystem. PBS complexes are dynamically degraded during nutrient deprivation, which causes severe chlorosis, and resynthesized during nutrient repletion. PBS degradation occurs rapidly after nutrient step down, and is specifically triggered by non-bleaching protein A (NblA), a small proteolysis adaptor that facilitates interactions between a Clp chaperone and phycobiliproteins. Little is known about the mode of action of NblA during PBS degradation. In this study, we used chemical cross-linking coupled with LC-MS/MS to investigate the interactions between NblA and phycobiliproteins. An isotopically coded BS3 cross-linker captured a protein interaction between NblA and β-phycocyanin (PC). LC-MS/MS analysis identified the amino acid residues participating in the binding reaction, and demonstrated that K52 in NblA is cross-linked to T2 in β-PC. These results were modeled onto the existing crystal structures of NblA and PC by protein docking simulations. Our data indicate that the C-terminus of NblA fits in an open groove of β-PC, a region located inside the central hollow cavity of a PC rod. NblA may mediate PBS degradation by disrupting the structural integrity of the PC rod from within the rod. In addition, M1-K44 and M1-K52 cross-links between the N-terminus of NblA and the C-terminus of NblA are consistent with the NblA crystal structure, confirming that the purified NblA is structurally and biologically relevant. These findings provide direct evidence that NblA physically interacts with β-PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Y Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Washington University, Campus Box 1095, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130-4899, USA
- US Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave, NW (MC-7403M), Washington, DC, 20460, USA
| | - William P Bricker
- Laboratory for Computational Biology & Biophysics, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Daniel A Weisz
- Department of Biology, Washington University, Campus Box 1095, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130-4899, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Michael L Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Himadri B Pakrasi
- Department of Biology, Washington University, Campus Box 1095, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130-4899, USA.
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Rinalducci S, Roepstorff P, Zolla L. De novo sequence analysis and intact mass measurements for characterization of phycocyanin subunit isoforms from the blue-green alga Aphanizomenon flos-aquae. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2009; 44:503-515. [PMID: 19053161 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, partial characterization of the primary structure of phycocyanin from the cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) was achieved by mass spectrometry de novo sequencing with the aid of chemical derivatization. Combining N-terminal sulfonation of tryptic peptides by 4-sulfophenyl isothiocyanate (SPITC) and MALDI-TOF/TOF analyses, facilitated the acquisition of sequence information for AFA phycocyanin subunits. In fact, SPITC-derivatized peptides underwent facile fragmentation, predominantly resulting in y-series ions in the MS/MS spectra and often exhibiting uninterrupted sequences of 20 or more amino acid residues. This strategy allowed us to carry out peptide fragment fingerprinting and de novo sequencing of several peptides belonging to both alpha- and beta-phycocyanin polypeptides, obtaining a sequence coverage of 67% and 75%, respectively. The presence of different isoforms of phycocyanin subunits was also revealed; subsequently Intact Mass Measurements (IMMs) by both MALDI- and ESI-MS supported the detection of these protein isoforms. Finally, we discuss the evolutionary importance of phycocyanin isoforms in cyanobacteria, suggesting the possible use of the phycocyanin operon for a correct taxonomic identity of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rinalducci
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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Krishna RG, Wold F. Post-translational modification of proteins. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 67:265-98. [PMID: 8322616 DOI: 10.1002/9780470123133.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R G Krishna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston
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Jeong J, Rouault TA, Levine RL. Identification of a Heme-sensing Domain in Iron Regulatory Protein 2. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:45450-4. [PMID: 15316013 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m407562200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron regulatory protein 2 coordinates the cellular regulation of iron metabolism by binding to iron-responsive elements in mRNA. The protein is synthesized constitutively but is rapidly degraded when iron stores are replete. The mechanisms that prevent degradation during iron deficiency or promote degradation during iron sufficiency are not delineated. Iron regulatory protein 2 contains a domain not present in the closely related iron regulatory protein 1, and we found that this domain binds heme with high affinity. A cysteine within the domain is axially liganded to the heme, as occurs in cytochrome P450. The protein-bound heme reacts with molecular oxygen to mediate the oxidation of cysteine, including beta-elimination of the sulfur to yield alanine. This covalent modification may thus mark the protein molecule for degradation by the proteasome system, providing another mechanism by which heme can regulate the level of iron regulatory protein 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsook Jeong
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Tooley AJ, Glazer AN. Biosynthesis of the cyanobacterial light-harvesting polypeptide phycoerythrocyanin holo-alpha subunit in a heterologous host. J Bacteriol 2002; 184:4666-71. [PMID: 12169589 PMCID: PMC135287 DOI: 10.1128/jb.184.17.4666-4671.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2002] [Accepted: 05/30/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The entire pathway for the biosynthesis of the phycobiliviolin-bearing His-tagged holo-alpha subunit of the cyanobacterial photosynthetic accessory protein phycoerythrocyanin was reconstituted in Escherichia coli. Cyanobacterial genes encoding enzymes required for the conversion of heme to 3Z-phycocyanobilin, a precursor of phycobiliviolin (namely, heme oxygenase 1 and 3Z-phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase), were expressed from a plasmid under the control of the hybrid trp-lac (trc) promoter. Genes for the apo-phycoerythrocyanin alpha subunit (pecA) and the heterodimeric lyase/isomerase (pecE and pecF), which catalyzes both the covalent attachment of phycocyanobilin and its concurrent isomerization to phycobiliviolin, were expressed from the trc promoter on a second plasmid. Upon induction, recombinant E. coli used endogenous heme to produce holo-PecA with absorbance and fluorescence properties similar to those of the same protein produced in cyanobacteria. About two-thirds of the apo-PecA was converted to holo-PecA. No significant bilin addition took place in a similarly engineered E. coli strain that lacks pecE and pecF. By using immobilized metal affinity chromatography, both apo-PecA and holo-PecA were isolated as ternary complexes with PecE and PecF. The identities of all three components in the ternary complexes were established unambiguously by protein and tryptic peptide analyses performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Tooley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USA
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Cai YA, Murphy JT, Wedemayer GJ, Glazer AN. Recombinant phycobiliproteins. Recombinant C-phycocyanins equipped with affinity tags, oligomerization, and biospecific recognition domains. Anal Biochem 2001; 290:186-204. [PMID: 11237320 DOI: 10.1006/abio.2000.4979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A family of specific cloning vectors was constructed to express in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC7120 recombinant C-phycocyanin subunits with one or more different tags, including the 6xHis tag, oligomerization domains, and the streptavidin-binding Strep2 tag. Such tagged alpha or beta subunits of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 C-phycocyanin formed stoichiometric complexes in vivo with appropriate wild-type subunits to give constructs with the appropriate oligomerization state and normal posttranslational modifications and with spectroscopic properties very similar to those of unmodified phycocyanin. All of these constructs were incorporated in vivo into the rod substructures of the light-harvesting complex, the phycobilisome. The C-terminal 114-residue portion of the Anabaena sp. PCC7120 biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP114) was cloned and overexpressed and was biotinylated up to 20% in Escherichia coli and 40% in wild-type Anabaena sp. His-tagged phycocyanin beta--BCCP114 constructs expressed in Anabaena sp. were >30% biotinylated. In such recombinant phycocyanins equipped with stable trimerization domains, >75% of the fusion protein was specifically bound to streptavidin- or avidin-coated beads. Thus, the methods described here achieve in vivo production of stable oligomeric phycobiliprotein constructs equipped with affinity purification tags and biospecific recognition domains usable as fluorescent labels without further chemical manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200, USA
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Bhalerao RP, Gillbro T, Gustafsson P. Functional phycobilisome core structures in a phycocyanin-less mutant of cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1995; 45:61-70. [PMID: 24301380 DOI: 10.1007/bf00032236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/1995] [Accepted: 07/03/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have constructed a mutant Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942, termed R2HECAT, in which the entire phycobilisome rod operon has been deleted. In the whole cell absorption spectra of R2HECAT, the peak corresponding to phycocyanin (PC), λmax≈620 nm, could not be detected. However, a single pigment-protein fraction with λmax=654 nm could be isolated on sucrose gradients from R2HECAT. Analysis of this pigment-protein fraction by non-denaturing PAGE indicates an apparent molecular mass of about 1200-1300 kDa. On exposure to low temperature, the isolated pigment-protein complex dissociated to a protein complex with a molecular mass of about 560 kDa. When analysed by SDS-PAGE, the pigment-protein fraction was found to consist of the core polypeptides but lacked PC, 27, 33, 30, and the 9 kDa polypeptides which are a part of the rods. All the chromophore bearing polypeptides of the core were found to be chromophorylated. CD as well as absorption spectra showed the expected maxima around 652 and 675 nm from allophycocyanin (APC) and allophycocyanin B (APC-B) chromophores. Low temperature fluorescence and excitation spectra also showed that the core particles were fully functional with respect to the energy transfer between the APC chromophores. We conclude that PC and therefore the rods are dispensable for the survival of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. The results indicate that stable and functional core can assemble in absence of the rods. These rod-less phycobilisome core is able to transfer energy to Photosystem II.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Bhalerao
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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Bhalerao RP, Collier JL, Gustafsson P, Grossman AR. THE STRUCTURE OF PHYCOBILISOMES IN MUTANTS OF Synechococcus sp. STRAIN PCC 7942 DEVOID OF SPECIFIC LINKER POLYPEPTIDES. Photochem Photobiol 1995. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb03975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Ducret A, Sidler W, Frank G, Zuber H. The complete amino acid sequence of R-phycocyanin-I alpha and beta subunits from the red alga Porphyridium cruentum. Structural and phylogenetic relationships of the phycocyanins within the phycobiliprotein families. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1994; 221:563-80. [PMID: 8168545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We present here the complete primary structure of R-phycocyanin-I alpha and beta subunits from the red alga Porphyridium cruentum. The alpha chain is composed of 162 amino acid residues (18049 Da, calculated from sequence, including chromophore) and carries a phycocyanobilin pigment covalently linked to Cys84. The beta chain contains 172 amino acids (19344Da, calculated from sequence, including chromophores) and carries a phycocyanobilin pigment covalently linked at Cys82 and a phycoerythrobilin pigment at Cys153. A gamma-N-methyl asparagine residue was also characterised at position beta 72 similar to other phycobiliprotein beta subunits. R-phycocyanin-I from Porphyridium cruentum shares high sequence identity with C-phycocyanins (69-83%), R-phycocyanins (66-70%) and in a less extent with phycoerythrocyanins (57-65%) from various sources. The presented phylogenetic trees are based on a comparison of all phycobiliprotein amino acid sequences known so far and confirm the clear affiliation of the R-phycocyanins in the phycocyanin family. In spite of their particular phycobilin pattern, they do not represent intermediate forms between the phycocyanin and the phycoerythrin family. Phycoerythrocyanin, a phycocyanin-related phycobiliprotein adapted to green light harvesting, is also shown to belong to the phycocyanin family. However, the phycoerythrocyanins diverge from phycocyanins in their different function and it is suggested that they should be assigned to a separate group within the phycocyanin family.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ducret
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland
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13
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Circular dichroism and stereochemistry of the phycobilins and their derivatives. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(92)85140-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Phycoerythrins of marine unicellular cyanobacteria. II. Characterization of phycobiliproteins with unusually high phycourobilin content. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)92852-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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15
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Swanson RV, Glazer AN. Separation of phycobiliprotein subunits by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 1990; 188:295-9. [PMID: 2221378 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(90)90609-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Baseline separation of subunits of diverse phycobiliproteins was achieved by a reverse-phase HPLC gradient method with a C4 large-pore column and a solvent system consisting of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in water and 0.1% TFA in 2:1 (v/v) acetonitrile:isopropanol. The procedure was successfully applied to cyanobacterial allophycocyanin and C-phycocyanins, an unusual phycocyanin from a marine cyanobacterium, red algal B- and R-phycoerythrins, and a cryptomonad phycoerythrin. The subunit sizes in these proteins range from about 7.5 to 30 kDa. Sample recovery was in excess of 85% in all cases. On-line spectroscopic analysis with a multiple diode array detector allowed determination of the type and number of bilins carried by each subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Swanson
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720
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16
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Arciero DM, Dallas JL, Glazer AN. In vitro attachment of bilins to apophycocyanin. III. Properties of the phycoerythrobilin adduct. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)81367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Arciero DM, Dallas JL, Glazer AN. In vitro attachment of bilins to apophycocyanin. II. Determination of the structures of tryptic bilin peptides derived from the phycocyanobilin adduct. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)81366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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18
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Lagarias JC, Klotz AV, Dallas JL, Glazer AN, Bishop JE, O'Connell JF, Rapoport H. Exclusive A-ring linkage for singly attached phycocyanobilins and phycoerythrobilins in phycobiliproteins. Absence of singly D-ring-linked bilins. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)37659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Mazel D, Houmard J, de Marsac NT. A multigene family in Calothrix sp. PCC 7601 encodes phycocyanin, the major component of the cyanobacterial light-harvesting antenna. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988; 211:296-304. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00330607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/1987] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Schneider S, Köst-Reyes E, Scharnagl C, Geiselhart P. INVESTIGATION OF CHROMOPEPTIDES FROM C-PHYCOCYANIN BY UV-VIS ABSORPTION, EMISSION AND CIRCULAR DICHROISM SPECTROSCOPY. Photochem Photobiol 1986. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1986.tb05536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Bishop JE, Lagarias JC, Nagy JO, Schoenleber RW, Rapoport H, Klotz AV, Glazer AN. Phycobiliprotein-bilin linkage diversity. I. Structural studies on A- and D-ring-linked phycocyanobilins. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)62685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Klotz AV, Glazer AN, Bishop JE, Nagy JO, Rapoport H. Phycobiliprotein-bilin linkage diversity. II. Structural studies on A- and D-ring-linked phycoerythrobilins. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)62686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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The covalent protein structure of insecticyanin, a blue biliprotein from the hemolymph of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta L. J Biol Chem 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)90671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lundell DJ, Glazer AN, DeLange RJ, Brown DM. Bilin attachment sites in the alpha and beta subunits of B-phycoerythrin. Amino acid sequence studies. J Biol Chem 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)91035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Glazer AN. S beta-(bilin)cysteine derivatives: structures, spectroscopic properties, and quantitation. Methods Enzymol 1984; 106:359-64. [PMID: 6493062 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(84)06037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Gossauer A. Studies on the stereochemistry of biliprotein chromophores and related model compounds. Tetrahedron 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)88708-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Offner G, Brown-Mason A, Ehrhardt M, Troxler R. Primary structure of phycocyanin from the unicellular rhodophyte Cyanidium caldarium. I. Complete amino acid sequence of the alpha subunit. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)43249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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DeLange R, Williams L, Glazer A. The amino acid sequence of the beta subunit of allophycocyanin. J Biol Chem 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)68798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Gossauer A, Hinze RP, Kutschan R. Synthesen von Gallenfarbstoffen, XI1) Totalsynthese und Zuordnung der relativen Konfiguration zweier epimerer Methanol-Addukte des Phycocyanobilin-dimethylesters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19811140113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Doolittle WF. The cyanobacterial genome, its expression, and the control of that expression. Adv Microb Physiol 1980; 20:1-102. [PMID: 119432 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Glazer AN. Structure and evolution of photosynthetic accessory pigment systems with special reference to phycobiliproteins. UCLA FORUM IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 1980:221-44. [PMID: 122171 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-643150-6.50021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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38
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Köst-Reyes E, Köst HP. The protein-chromophore bond in B phycoerythrin from Porphyridium cruentum. Radiosulfur labeling experiments. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1979; 102:83-91. [PMID: 520325 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb06265.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Red algae of the species Porphyridium cruentum were grown in a minimum sulfate medium containing 35SO42-. 35S-labeled phycoerythrin was extracted. B Phycoerythrin, b phycoerythrin and R phycocyanin could be separated from other proteins by using a carrier-free electrophoresis on columns. The final ratio A545/A280 of B phycoerythrin thus obtained was greater than or equal to 5. 35S-labeled B phycoerythrin was digested proteolytically with trypsin and pepsin. The resulting 35S-containing bilipeptides were separated by isoelectric focusing. Zones of enhanced chromophore concentration always showed an enhanced radioactivity. Peptide fractions with a low molar ratio sulfur/chromophore (1.1-1.8) were purified to remove sucrose and the carrier ampholyte. A modified, optimized Edman degradation followed. A butylacetate-soluble, red Edman product was obtained that contained most of the chromophore and the bulk of the radioactivity. This product was purified by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. The main spot of the chromatogram was subjected to acidic hydrolysis. The major part of the radioactivity in the hydrolysate cochromatographed with cysteine. That proves cysteine to be the binding amino acid in all cases investigated.
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Brown A, Offner G, Ehrhardt M, Troxler R. Phycobilin-apoprotein linkages in the alpha and beta subunits of phycocyanin from the unicellular rhodophyte, Cyanidium caldarium. Amino acid sequences of 35S-labeled chromopeptides. J Biol Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)36018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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40
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Chen SS, Berns DS. Effect of plastocyanin and phycocyanin on the photosensitivity of chlorophyll-containing bilayer membranes. J Membr Biol 1979; 47:113-27. [PMID: 490619 DOI: 10.1007/bf01876112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Photovoltaic effects were studied in bilayer membranes constructed from phosphatidyl choline, monogalactosyl diglyceride, chlorophyll alpha and beta-carotene. It was demonstrated that the biliprotein C-phycocyanin enhanced the photosensitivity of these membranes. Plastocyanin, an important photosynthetic electron transfer protein, was also found to be effective in enhancing the membrane photovoltage. The C-phycocyanin and plastocyanin were effective on opposite sides of the membrane. Plastocyanin operates to transfer electrons into the membrane, while C-phycocyanin directs electron transfer from the membrane. Membranes containing monogalactosyl diglyceride were found to be extremely stable and were most susceptible to enhancement of photosensitivity by introduction of the proteins. The plastocyanin and C-phycocyanin when used together appeared to operate synergistically.
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Troxler RF, Brown AS, Brown SB. Bile pigment synthesis in plants. Mechanism of 18O incorporation into phycocyanobilin in the unicellular rhodophyte. Cyanidium caldarium. J Biol Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50775-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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42
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Glazer AN, Hixson CS, DeLange RJ. Determination of the number of thioether-linked cysteine residues in cytochromes c and phycobiliproteins. Anal Biochem 1979; 92:489-96. [PMID: 220892 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(79)90689-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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43
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Frank G, Sidler W, Widmer H, Zuber H. The complete amino acid sequence of both subunits of C-phycocyanin from the cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus. HOPPE-SEYLER'S ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIOLOGISCHE CHEMIE 1978; 359:1491-507. [PMID: 103794 DOI: 10.1515/bchm2.1978.359.2.1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid sequences of both subunits of the C-phycocyanin from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus have been determined. The alpha-chain consists of 162 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of 18000, whereas the beta-chain consists of 172 residues and has a molecular weight of 19400. For the first three quarters of their length the polypeptide chains are 31% homologous, whereas there is no significant homology in the final quarter up to the C-terminus. This could mean that the introduction of an additional chromophore binding site in the last quarter of the beta-chain during evolution was achieved via a large number of point mutations or by exchange of the whole C-terminal part in an ancestral gene.
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Yamanaka G, Glazer A, Williams R. Cyanobacterial phycobilisomes. Characterization of the phycobilisomes of Synechococcus sp. 6301. J Biol Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)34397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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45
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Freidenreich P, Apell G, Glazer A. Structural studies on phycobiliproteins II. C-phycocyanin: amino acid sequence of the beta subunit. Specific cleavage of the alpha subunit. J Biol Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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46
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Bryant D, Hixson C, Glazer A. Structural studies on phycobiliproteins III. Comparison of bilin-containing peptides from the beta subunits of C-phycocyanin, R-phycocyanin, and phycoerythrocyanin. J Biol Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38291-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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