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Samanta S, Kumar S, Aratikatla EK, Ghorpade SR, Singh V. Recent developments of imidazo[1,2- a]pyridine analogues as antituberculosis agents. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:644-657. [PMID: 37122538 PMCID: PMC10131611 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 2000 years, tuberculosis (TB) has killed more people than any other infectious disease. In 2021, TB claimed 1.6 million lives worldwide, making it the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease after COVID-19. Unfortunately, TB drug discovery research was neglected in the last few decades of the twentieth century. Recently, the World Health Organization has taken the initiative to develop new TB drugs. Imidazopyridine, an important fused bicyclic 5,6 heterocycle has been recognized as a "drug prejudice" scaffold for its wide range of applications in medicinal chemistry. A few examples of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine exhibit significant activity against multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). Here, we critically review anti-TB compounds of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine class by discussing their development based on the structure-activity relationship, mode-of-action, and various scaffold hopping strategies over the last decade, which is identified as a renaissance era of TB drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauvik Samanta
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa
| | - Eswar K Aratikatla
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa
| | - Sandeep R Ghorpade
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa
| | - Vinayak Singh
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town Rondebosch 7701 South Africa
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2
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De Beer B, Villacis-Perez E, Khalighi M, Saalwaechter C, Vandenhole M, Jonckheere W, Ismaeil I, Geibel S, Van Leeuwen T, Dermauw W. QTL mapping suggests that both cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification and target-site resistance are involved in fenbutatin oxide resistance in Tetranychus urticae. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 145:103757. [PMID: 35301092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The organotin acaricide fenbutatin oxide (FBO) - an inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP-synthase - has been one of the most extensively used acaricides for the control of spider mites, and is still in use today. Resistance against FBO has evolved in many regions around the world but only few studies have investigated the molecular and genetic mechanisms of resistance to organotin acaricides. Here, we found that FBO resistance is polygenic in two genetically distant, highly resistant strains of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, MAR-AB and MR-VL. To identify the loci underlying FBO resistance, two independent bulked segregant analysis (BSA) based QTL mapping experiments, BSA MAR-AB and BSA MR-VL, were performed. Two QTLs on chromosome 1 were associated with FBO resistance in each mapping experiment. At the second QTL of BSA MAR-AB, several cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) genes were located, including CYP392E4, CYP392E6 and CYP392E11, the latter being overexpressed in MAR-AB. Synergism tests further implied a role for CYPs in FBO resistance. Subunit c of mitochondrial ATP-synthase was located near the first QTL of both mapping experiments and harbored a unique V89A mutation enriched in the resistant parents and selected BSA populations. Marker-assisted introgression into a susceptible strain demonstrated a moderate but significant effect of the V89A mutation on toxicity of organotin acaricides. The impact of the mutation on organotin inhibition of ATP synthase was also functionally confirmed by ATPase assays on mitochondrial preparations. To conclude, our findings suggest that FBO resistance in the spider mite T. urticae is a complex interplay between CYP-mediated detoxification and target-site resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berdien De Beer
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ernesto Villacis-Perez
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1908, XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mousaalreza Khalighi
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Marilou Vandenhole
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Jonckheere
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ibrahim Ismaeil
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven Geibel
- Bayer AG, CropScience Division, 40789, Monheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 96, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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3
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Synthesis, characterization and solution behaviour of tin tetrachloride complexes with phosphoryl ligands bearing polyfluoroalkyl groups. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Narang R, Kumar R, Kalra S, Nayak SK, Khatik GL, Kumar GN, Sudhakar K, Singh SK. Recent advancements in mechanistic studies and structure activity relationship of FoF1 ATP synthase inhibitor as antimicrobial agent. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Machado D, Girardini M, Viveiros M, Pieroni M. Challenging the Drug-Likeness Dogma for New Drug Discovery in Tuberculosis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1367. [PMID: 30018597 PMCID: PMC6037898 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multi- and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis worldwide poses a great threat to human health and highlight the need to discover and develop new, effective and inexpensive antituberculosis agents. High-throughput screening assays against well-validated drug targets and structure based drug design have been employed to discover new lead compounds. However, the great majority fail to demonstrate any antimycobacterial activity when tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in whole-cell screening assays. This is mainly due to some of the intrinsic properties of the bacilli, such as the extremely low permeability of its cell wall, slow growth, drug resistance, drug tolerance, and persistence. In this sense, understanding the pathways involved in M. tuberculosis drug tolerance, persistence, and pathogenesis, may reveal new approaches for drug development. Moreover, the need for compounds presenting a novel mode of action is of utmost importance due to the emergence of resistance not only to the currently used antituberculosis agents, but also to those in the pipeline. Cheminformatics studies have shown that drugs endowed with antituberculosis activity have the peculiarity of being more lipophilic than many other antibacterials, likely because this leads to improved cell penetration through the extremely waxy mycobacterial cell wall. Moreover, the interaction of the lipophilic moiety with the membrane alters its stability and functional integrity due to the disruption of the proton motive force, resulting in cell death. When a ligand-based medicinal chemistry campaign is ongoing, it is always difficult to predict whether a chemical modification or a functional group would be suitable for improving the activity. Nevertheless, in the “instruction manual” of medicinal chemists, certain functional groups or certain physicochemical characteristics (i.e., high lipophilicity) are considered red flags to look out for in order to safeguard drug-likeness and avoid attritions in the drug discovery process. In this review, we describe how antituberculosis compounds challenge established rules such as the Lipinski's “rule of five” and how medicinal chemistry for antituberculosis compounds must be thought beyond such dogmatic schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Machado
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miriam Girardini
- P4T Group, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Miguel Viveiros
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marco Pieroni
- P4T Group, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Iqbal IK, Bajeli S, Akela AK, Kumar A. Bioenergetics of Mycobacterium: An Emerging Landscape for Drug Discovery. Pathogens 2018; 7:E24. [PMID: 29473841 PMCID: PMC5874750 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exhibits remarkable metabolic flexibility that enables it to survive a plethora of host environments during its life cycle. With the advent of bedaquiline for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, oxidative phosphorylation has been validated as an important target and a vulnerable component of mycobacterial metabolism. Exploiting the dependence of Mtb on oxidative phosphorylation for energy production, several components of this pathway have been targeted for the development of new antimycobacterial agents. This includes targeting NADH dehydrogenase by phenothiazine derivatives, menaquinone biosynthesis by DG70 and other compounds, terminal oxidase by imidazopyridine amides and ATP synthase by diarylquinolines. Importantly, oxidative phosphorylation also plays a critical role in the survival of persisters. Thus, inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation can synergize with frontline TB drugs to shorten the course of treatment. In this review, we discuss the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and development of its inhibitors in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Khan Iqbal
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India.
| | - Sapna Bajeli
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India.
| | - Ajit Kumar Akela
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India.
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India.
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7
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Nayab Rasool SK, Babu PH, Janaki Ramudu DB, Jyothi Kumar MV, Appa Rao C, Raju CN. Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of new phenyl N,N′-phenylphosphorodiamidates. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2017.1370468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SK. Nayab Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - P. Hari Babu
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - D. B. Janaki Ramudu
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - M. V. Jyothi Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ch. Appa Rao
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C. Naga Raju
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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8
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Pourayoubi M, Tarahhomi A, Golen JA, Rheingold AL. The first coordination compounds of OP[NC4H8O]3 phosphoric triamide ligand: structural study and Hirshfeld surface analysis of SnIV and MnII complexes. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1295139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Pourayoubi
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - James A. Golen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, La Jolla, CA, USA
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9
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Tantry SJ, Markad SD, Shinde V, Bhat J, Balakrishnan G, Gupta AK, Ambady A, Raichurkar A, Kedari C, Sharma S, Mudugal NV, Narayan A, Naveen Kumar CN, Nanduri R, Bharath S, Reddy J, Panduga V, Prabhakar KR, Kandaswamy K, Saralaya R, Kaur P, Dinesh N, Guptha S, Rich K, Murray D, Plant H, Preston M, Ashton H, Plant D, Walsh J, Alcock P, Naylor K, Collier M, Whiteaker J, McLaughlin RE, Mallya M, Panda M, Rudrapatna S, Ramachandran V, Shandil R, Sambandamurthy VK, Mdluli K, Cooper CB, Rubin H, Yano T, Iyer P, Narayanan S, Kavanagh S, Mukherjee K, Balasubramanian V, Hosagrahara VP, Solapure S, Ravishankar S, Hameed P S. Discovery of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Ethers and Squaramides as Selective and Potent Inhibitors of Mycobacterial Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Synthesis. J Med Chem 2017; 60:1379-1399. [PMID: 28075132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The approval of bedaquiline to treat tuberculosis has validated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase as an attractive target to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Herein, we report the discovery of two diverse lead series imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ethers (IPE) and squaramides (SQA) as inhibitors of mycobacterial ATP synthesis. Through medicinal chemistry exploration, we established a robust structure-activity relationship of these two scaffolds, resulting in nanomolar potencies in an ATP synthesis inhibition assay. A biochemical deconvolution cascade suggested cytochrome c oxidase as the potential target of IPE class of molecules, whereas characterization of spontaneous resistant mutants of SQAs unambiguously identified ATP synthase as its molecular target. Absence of cross resistance against bedaquiline resistant mutants suggested a different binding site for SQAs on ATP synthase. Furthermore, SQAs were found to be noncytotoxic and demonstrated efficacy in a mouse model of tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanyam J Tantry
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Shankar D Markad
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vikas Shinde
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Jyothi Bhat
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Gayathri Balakrishnan
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Amit K Gupta
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Anisha Ambady
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Anandkumar Raichurkar
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Chaitanyakumar Kedari
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sreevalli Sharma
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Naina V Mudugal
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Ashwini Narayan
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - C N Naveen Kumar
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Robert Nanduri
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sowmya Bharath
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Jitendar Reddy
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vijender Panduga
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - K R Prabhakar
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Karthikeyan Kandaswamy
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Ramanatha Saralaya
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Parvinder Kaur
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Neela Dinesh
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Supreeth Guptha
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Kirsty Rich
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - David Murray
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Helen Plant
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Marian Preston
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Helen Ashton
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Darren Plant
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Jarrod Walsh
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Peter Alcock
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Kathryn Naylor
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Matthew Collier
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - James Whiteaker
- Infection Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca , 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Robert E McLaughlin
- Infection Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca , 35 Gatehouse Drive, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Meenakshi Mallya
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Manoranjan Panda
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Suresh Rudrapatna
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vasanthi Ramachandran
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Radha Shandil
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vasan K Sambandamurthy
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Khisi Mdluli
- Global Alliance for TB Drug Development , 40 Wall Street, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10005, United States
| | - Christopher B Cooper
- Global Alliance for TB Drug Development , 40 Wall Street, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10005, United States
| | - Harvey Rubin
- University of Pennsylvania , 111 Clinical Research Building, 415 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Takahiro Yano
- University of Pennsylvania , 111 Clinical Research Building, 415 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Pravin Iyer
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Shridhar Narayanan
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Stefan Kavanagh
- AstraZeneca , Alderley Park, Mereside, Macclesfield, Cheshire U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Kakoli Mukherjee
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - V Balasubramanian
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Vinayak P Hosagrahara
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Suresh Solapure
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Sudha Ravishankar
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Shahul Hameed P
- Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca India Pvt. Ltd. , Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India
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10
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Bahri L, Barhoumi-Slimi T, Mallek R, Sanhoury M, Crousse B, Ben Dhia M. One-pot synthesis of new highly substituted allylic phosphorodiamidates. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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11
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Ivanes F, Faccenda D, Gatliff J, Ahmed AA, Cocco S, Cheng CHK, Allan E, Russell C, Duchen MR, Campanella M. The compound BTB06584 is an IF1 -dependent selective inhibitor of the mitochondrial F1 Fo-ATPase. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:4193-206. [PMID: 24641180 PMCID: PMC4241087 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ischaemia compromises mitochondrial respiration. Consequently, the mitochondrial F1 Fo-ATPsynthase reverses and acts as a proton-pumping ATPase, so maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ), while accelerating ATP depletion and cell death. Here we have looked for a molecule that can selectively inhibit this activity without affecting ATP synthesis, preserve ATP and delay ischaemic cell death. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We developed a chemoinformatic screen based on the structure of BMS199264, which is reported to selectively inhibit F1 Fo-ATPase activity and which is cardioprotective. Results suggested the molecule BTB06584 (hereafter referred to as BTB). Fluorescence microscopy was used to study its effects on ΔΨm and on the rate of ATP consumption following inhibition of respiration in several cell types. The effect of BTB on oxygen (O2 ) consumption was explored and protective potential determined using ischaemia/reperfusion assays. We also investigated a potential mechanism of action through its interaction with inhibitor protein of F1 subunit (IF1 ), the endogenous inhibitor of the F1 Fo-ATPase. KEY RESULTS BTB inhibited F1 Fo-ATPase activity with no effect on ΔΨm or O2 consumption. ATP consumption was decreased following inhibition of respiration, and ischaemic cell death was reduced. BTB efficiency was increased by IF1 overexpression and reduced by silencing the protein. In addition, BTB rescued defective haemoglobin synthesis in zebrafish pinotage (pnt) mutants in which expression of the Atpif1a gene is lost. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS BTB may represent a valuable tool to selectively inhibit mitochondrial F1 Fo-ATPase activity without compromising ATP synthesis and to limit ischaemia-induced injury caused by reversal of the mitochondrial F1 Fo-ATPsynthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Ivanes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Danilo Faccenda
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Jemma Gatliff
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondon, UK
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Stefania Cocco
- European Brain Research Institute-Rita Levi-Montalcini FoundationRome, Italy
| | - Carol Ho Ka Cheng
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Emma Allan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondon, UK
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Claire Russell
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
| | - Michael R Duchen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Michelangelo Campanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary CollegeLondon, UK
- European Brain Research Institute-Rita Levi-Montalcini FoundationRome, Italy
- Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, University College LondonLondon, UK
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Shariatinia Z, Asadi E, Tavasolinasab V, Gholivand K. Nanoparticles of novel organotin(IV) complexes bearing phosphoric triamide ligands. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 4:94-102. [PMID: 23504649 PMCID: PMC3596101 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Four novel organotin(IV) complexes containing phosphoric triamide ligands were synthesized and characterized by multinuclear ((1)H, (31)P, (13)C) NMR, infrared, ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. The (1)H NMR spectra of complexes 1-4 proved that the Sn atoms adopt octahedral configurations. The nanoparticles of the complexes were also prepared by ultrasonication, and their SEM micrographs indicated identical spherical morphologies with particles sizes about 20-25 nm. The fluorescence spectra exhibited blue shifts for the maximum wavelength of emission upon complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shariatinia
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Polytechnic), P. O. Box 159163-4311, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebadullah Asadi
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Polytechnic), P. O. Box 159163-4311, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Tavasolinasab
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Polytechnic), P. O. Box 159163-4311, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khodayar Gholivand
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modarres University, P. O. Box: 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
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Shariatinia Z, Asadi E, Yousefi M, Sohrabi M. Novel organotin(IV) complexes of organophosphorus ligands: Synthesis, spectroscopic, structural study and DFT calculations. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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OXPHOS toxicogenomics and Parkinson's disease. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2011; 728:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Gholivand K, Oroujzadeh N, Afshar F. New organotin(IV) complexes of nicotinamide, isonicotinamide and some of their novel phosphoric triamide derivatives: Syntheses, spectroscopic study and crystal structures. J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Bald D, Koul A. Respiratory ATP synthesis: the new generation of mycobacterial drug targets? FEMS Microbiol Lett 2010; 308:1-7. [PMID: 20402785 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.01959.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, poses a global health challenge due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Recently, bacterial energy metabolism has come into focus as a promising new target pathway for the development of antimycobacterial drugs. This review summarizes our current knowledge on mycobacterial respiratory energy conversion, in particular, during the physiologically dormant state that is associated with latent or persistent tuberculosis infections. Targeting components of respiratory ATP production, such as type-2 NADH dehydrogenase or ATP synthase, is illustrated as an emerging strategy in the development of novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Bald
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major mechanism of liver injury. A parent drug or its reactive metabolite can trigger outer mitochondrial membrane permeabilization or rupture due to mitochondrial permeability transition. The latter can severely deplete ATP and cause liver cell necrosis, or it can instead lead to apoptosis by releasing cytochrome c, which activates caspases in the cytosol. Necrosis and apoptosis can trigger cytolytic hepatitis resulting in lethal fulminant hepatitis in some patients. Other drugs severely inhibit mitochondrial function and trigger extensive microvesicular steatosis, hypoglycaemia, coma, and death. Milder and more prolonged forms of drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction can also cause macrovacuolar steatosis. Although this is a benign liver lesion in the short-term, it can progress to steatohepatitis and then to cirrhosis. Patient susceptibility to drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and liver injury can sometimes be explained by genetic or acquired variations in drug metabolism and/or elimination that increase the concentration of the toxic species (parent drug or metabolite). Susceptibility may also be increased by the presence of another condition, which also impairs mitochondrial function, such as an inborn mitochondrial cytopathy, beta-oxidation defect, certain viral infections, pregnancy, or the obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. Liver injury due to mitochondrial dysfunction can have important consequences for pharmaceutical companies. It has led to the interruption of clinical trials, the recall of several drugs after marketing, or the introduction of severe black box warnings by drug agencies. Pharmaceutical companies should systematically investigate mitochondrial effects during lead selection or preclinical safety studies.
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Selectivity of TMC207 towards mycobacterial ATP synthase compared with that towards the eukaryotic homologue. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2008; 53:1290-2. [PMID: 19075053 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01393-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The diarylquinoline TMC207 kills Mycobacterium tuberculosis by specifically inhibiting ATP synthase. We show here that human mitochondrial ATP synthase (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)] of >200 microM) displayed more than 20,000-fold lower sensitivity for TMC207 compared to that of mycobacterial ATP synthase (IC(50) of 10 nM). Also, oxygen consumption in mouse liver and bovine heart mitochondria showed very low sensitivity for TMC207. These results suggest that TMC207 may not elicit ATP synthesis-related toxicity in mammalian cells. ATP synthase, although highly conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, may still qualify as an attractive antibiotic target.
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Park JK, Kim WS, Otgondemberel G, Lee BJ, Kim DE, Kwon YS. Photoluminescence and electroluminescence properties of organotin (IV) complexes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Mohamed MMA. Equilibrium studies, synthesis and characterisation of zwitterionic buffer (HEPES and HEPPS) dimethyltin(IV) complexes. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10241220701786701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Gholivand K, Shariatinia Z. Two conformers in the solid state for a novel organotin(IV) complex of a phosphoramidate: Syntheses, spectroscopic study and crystal structures of several new organotin(IV) complexes of N-benzoylphosphoric triamides. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Gholivand K, Shariatinia Z, Pourayoubi M. Syntheses, spectroscopic characterization and crystal structures of some new phosphoramidates and an organotin(IV) complex of N-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-N′,N″-bis(piperidinyl)phosphoric triamide. Polyhedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2005.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Brüggemann SK, Radike K, Braasch K, Hinrichs J, Kisro J, Hagenah W, Peters SO, Wagner T. Chloroacetaldehyde: mode of antitumor action of the ifosfamide metabolite. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2005; 57:349-56. [PMID: 16133533 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-005-0061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2004] [Accepted: 05/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ifosfamide metabolite chloroacetaldehyde had been made responsible for side effects only. We found in previous studies a strong cytotoxicity on human MX-1 tumor cells and xenografts in nude mice. Chloroacetaldehyde is supposed to act via alkylation or by inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation with decrease of ATP. The aim of this study was to further elucidate chloroacetaldehyde's mode of action. METHODS MX-1 breast carcinoma cells were measured for ATP-content after exposure to chloroacetaldehyde. Further, the effect of chloroacetaldehyde on DNA-synthesis and its potency of causing strand-breaks or cross-links were investigated by bromodeoxyuridine-incorporation, comet-assay and a DNA interstrand cross-linking-assay. RESULTS Chloroacetaldehyde in high concentrations induces a reduction of ATP-levels when anaerobic glycolysis is blocked by oxamate and reduces the bromodeoxyuridine-incorporation to 46.3% after 4 h when used in IC(50) concentrations (7.49 mumol/l). In addition we observed DNA single strand-breaks in MX-1 cells treated with chloroacetaldehyde visible in the Comet assay, but no DNA-cross-linking by comet assay and cross-linking assay. CONCLUSION In summary, our results show that chloroacetaldehyde influences the oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, however, this is observed only in high concentrations and is not of clinical relevance because the tumor cells regenerate ATP by anaerobic glycolysis. Nevertheless, chloroacetaldehyde causes DNA-strand-breaks and strong inhibition of DNA-synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja K Brüggemann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Luebeck, Germany
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24
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Tucker WC, Schwarz A, Levine T, Du Z, Gromet-Elhanan Z, Richter ML, Haran G. Observation of calcium-dependent unidirectional rotational motion in recombinant photosynthetic F1-ATPase molecules. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:47415-8. [PMID: 15377671 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c400269200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP hydrolysis and synthesis by the F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase are coupled to proton translocation across the membrane in the presence of magnesium. Calcium is known, however, to disrupt this coupling in the photosynthetic enzyme in a unique way: it does not support ATP synthesis, and CaATP hydrolysis is decoupled from any proton translocation, but the membrane does not become leaky to protons. Understanding the molecular basis of these calcium-dependent effects can shed light on the as yet unclear mechanism of coupling between proton transport and rotational catalysis. We show here, using an actin filament gamma-rotation assay, that CaATP is capable of sustaining rotational motion in a highly active hybrid photosynthetic F(1)-ATPase consisting of alpha and beta subunits from Rhodospirillum rubrum and gamma subunit from spinach chloroplasts (alpha(R)(3)beta(R)(3)gamma(C)). The rotation was found to be similar to that induced by MgATP in Escherichia coli F(1)-ATPase molecules. Our results suggest a possible long range pathway that enables the bound CaATP to induce full rotational motion of gamma but might block transmission of this rotational motion into proton translocation by the F(0) part of the ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ward C Tucker
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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25
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Sugiyama K, Hisabori T. Conformational change of the chloroplast ATP synthase on the enzyme activation process detected by the trypsin sensitivity of the gamma subunit. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 301:311-6. [PMID: 12565861 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)03022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Delta mu H(+) is known to stimulate the enzyme activity of chloroplast ATP synthase in addition to its important role as energy supply for ATP synthesis. In the present study, we focused on the relationship between the proton translocation via the membrane sector of ATP synthase, F(o), and the conformational change of the central stalk subunit gamma. The conformational change of CF(1) mainly at the gamma subunit was induced by the proton flow via F(o) in the absence of substrates. The effects of inhibitors on CF(o) or CF(1) for this conformational change were also examined. The observed conformational change was partially suppressed by ADP binding. From these results, we propose the Delta mu H(+)-dependent conformational change of CF(1) on the enzyme activation process, which is affected by both ADP binding to the catalytic sites and proton flow via F(o) portion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sugiyama
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-Ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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26
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Epstein CB, Hale W, Butow RA. Numerical methods for handling uncertainty in microarray data: an example analyzing perturbed mitochondrial function in yeast. Methods Cell Biol 2002; 65:439-52. [PMID: 11381609 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(01)65026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C B Epstein
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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27
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Ylitalo K, Ala-Rämi A, Vuorinen K, Peuhkurinen K, Lepojärvi M, Kaukoranta P, Kiviluoma K, Hassinen I. Reversible ischemic inhibition of F(1)F(0)-ATPase in rat and human myocardium. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1504:329-39. [PMID: 11245796 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(00)00261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The physiological role of F(1)F(0)-ATPase inhibition in ischemia may be to retard ATP depletion although views of the significance of IF(1) are at variance. We corroborate here a method for measuring the ex vivo activity of F(1)F(0)-ATPase in perfused rat heart and show that observation of ischemic F(1)F(0)-ATPase inhibition in rat heart is critically dependent on the sample preparation and assay conditions, and that the methods can be applied to assay the ischemic and reperfused human heart during coronary by-pass surgery. A 5-min period of ischemia inhibited F(1)F(0)-ATPase by 20% in both rat and human myocardium. After a 15-min reperfusion a subsequent 5-min period of ischemia doubled the inhibition in the rat heart but this potentiation was lost after 120 min of reperfusion. Experiments with isolated rat heart mitochondria showed that ATP hydrolysis is required for effective inhibition by uncoupling. The concentration of oligomycin for 50% inhibition (I(50)) for oxygen consumption was five times higher than its I(50) for F(1)F(0)-ATPase. Because of the different control strengths of F(1)F(0)-ATPase in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP hydrolysis an inhibition of the F(1)F(0)-ATPase activity in ischemia with the resultant ATP-sparing has an advantage even in an ischemia/reperfusion situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ylitalo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University, of Oulu, Finland
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28
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Nok AJ, Shuaibu MN, Bonire JJ, Dabo A, Wushishi Z, Ado S. Triphenyltin salicylate-antimicrobial effect and resistance--the pyrophosphatase connection. JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION 2001; 15:411-20. [PMID: 10995071 DOI: 10.1080/14756360009040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Triphenyltin salicylate (TPS) was tested against six bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi and five fungi, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Rhodotorula spp. and Saccharomyces spp. Sensitivity tests were determined with 5-500 microg/ml of TPS. All organisms were sensitive to the compound except Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Rhodotorula spp. and Saccharomyces spp. The minimum dose of TPS that can kill 50% of the susceptible microorganisms is in the range 5-50 microg/ml. Membrane bound pyrophosphatase(s) from the organisms was non-competitively inhibited by 5 microM TPS with Ki values of 7.6, 18, 8.8 and 6.9 microM for Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus fumigatus, respectively. The physiological index of efficiency of the enzyme (Vmax/KM) for TPS susceptible organisms was reduced by 17-68% in the presence of 5-10 microM of the compound. In contrast the index for the non-susceptible organisms was unaffected. The mode of action of TPS is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Nok
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Japan.
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29
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Li Z, Neufeld GJ. Isolation and characterization of mitochondrial F(1)-ATPase from crayfish (Orconectes virilis) gills. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2001; 128:325-38. [PMID: 11207445 DOI: 10.1016/s1096-4959(00)00330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A soluble F(1)-ATPase was isolated from the mitochondria of crayfish (Orconectes virilis) gill tissue. The maximal mitochondrial disruption rate (95%) was obtained by sonicating for 4 min at pH 8.6. A 15-fold purification was estimated. The properties for both soluble and membrane-bound enzyme were studied. Both enzyme forms were stable at 4 to -70 degrees C when kept in 20% glycerol. Soluble F(1)-ATPase was more stable at room temperature than membrane-bound enzyme. It displayed a narrower pH profile (pK(1) =6.58, pK(2)=7.68) and more acid pH optimum (7.13) than membrane-bound enzyme (pK(1)=6.42, pK(2)=8.55, optimum pH 7.49). The anion-stimulated activities were in the order HCO(3)(-)>SO(4)(2-)>Cl(-). The apparent K(a) values for soluble enzyme were 11.4, 11.2, and 10.9 mM, respectively, but the K(a) of HCO(3)(-) for membrane-bound enzyme (14.9 mM) was higher than for soluble enzyme. Oligomycin and DCCD inhibited membrane-bound F(1)-ATPase with I(50) of 18.6 ng/ml and 2.2 microM, respectively, but were ineffective in inhibiting soluble enzyme. Both enzyme forms shared identical sensitivity to DIDS (I(50)=12.5 microM) and vanadate (I(50)=9.0 mM). Soluble ATPase was significantly more sensitive to pCMB (I(50)=0.15 microM) and NO(3)(-) (I(50)=28.6 mM) than membrane-bound enzyme (I(50)=1.04 microM pCMB and 81.5 mM NO(3)(-)). In addition, soluble F(1)-ATPase was slightly more sensitive to azide (I(50)=91.8 microM) and NBD-Cl (I(50)=9.18 microM) than membrane-bound enzyme (I(50)=111.6 microM azide and 12.88 microM NBD-Cl). These data suggest a conformational change transmission between F(0) and F(1) sectors and slight conformational differences between soluble F(1) and membrane-bound F(1). In addition, an unmodified F(0) stabilizes F(1) and decreases F(1) sensitivities to inhibitors and modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, 1425 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10029, USA
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Berden JA, Hartog AF. Analysis of the nucleotide binding sites of mitochondrial ATP synthase provides evidence for a two-site catalytic mechanism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2000; 1458:234-51. [PMID: 10838040 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(00)00076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J A Berden
- E.C. Slater Institute, BioCentrum, Plantage Muidergracht 12, 1018 TV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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31
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Nakamoto RK, Ketchum CJ, al-Shawi MK. Rotational coupling in the F0F1 ATP synthase. ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE 1999; 28:205-34. [PMID: 10410801 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biophys.28.1.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The F0F1 ATP synthase is a large multisubunit complex that couples translocation of protons down an electrochemical gradient to the synthesis of ATP. Recent advances in structural analyses have led to the demonstration that the enzyme utilizes a rotational catalytic mechanism. Kinetic and biochemical evidence is consistent with the expected equal participation of the three catalytic sites in the alpha 3 beta 3 hexamer, which operate in sequential, cooperative reaction pathways. The rotation of the core gamma subunit plays critical roles in establishing the conformation of the sites and the cooperative interactions. Mutational analyses have shown that the rotor subunits are responsible for coupling and in doing so transmit specific conformational information between transport and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22906, USA.
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32
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One of the non-exchangeable nucleotides of the mitochondrial F1-ATPase is bound at a beta-subunit: evidence for a non-rotatory two-site catalytic mechanism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1999; 1412:79-93. [PMID: 10393252 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(99)00054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In active MF1, one of the two non-exchangeable tightly bound adenine nucleotides is an ATP, while the other is an ADP. The respective sites are called the T-site and the D-site. The activity of the enzyme correlates linearly with the amount of bound ATP, ADP at the T-site being inhibitory. When MF1 is stored at room temperature in 50% glycerol and 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.3) after slow passage through a Sephadex column, the tightly bound ATP is slowly dephosphorylated to ADP which is subsequently released, without effect on activity. When enzyme with about one residual ADP left (at the D-site) was incubated at pH 7.3, after dilution of the glycerol, with 400 &mgr;M [14C]ATP under varying conditions, the amount of tightly bound nucleotide triphosphate again correlated well with activity, the residual ADP being bound at the D-site. Optimal results were obtained when the incubation was performed in the presence of a regenerating system. Binding of 2-azido-ATP instead of ATP to the T-site as a triphosphate, as indicated by the specific activity of the enzyme, appeared to be optimal when the binding was performed at pH 6.4 in the absence of Mg2+ and with high concentrations of the nucleotide. Under such conditions, 3 mol 2-azido-AXP per mol F1 remained tightly bound after ammonium sulfate precipitation and column centrifugation, in addition to about one residual ADP at the D-site. After a 2-min period of turnover with ATP/Mg2+ as substrate two mol 2-azido-AXP were left on the enzyme, of which one was bound at a beta-site. These results show that one of the non-catalytic nucleotide binding sites that contain tightly bound nucleotides, is a beta-site, in conflict with the requirements for a rotatory tri-site mechanism for ATP hydrolysis. This beta-site can further be identified with the T-site. The validity of these conclusions for F1 from other sources and for catalysis by membrane-bound enzyme is discussed.
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Celis H, Escobedo S, Romero I. Triphenyltin as an inhibitor of membrane-bound pyrophosphatase of Rhodospirillum rubrum. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998; 358:157-63. [PMID: 9750176 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1998.0805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of triphenyltin on the activity of membrane-bound pyrophosphatase of Rhodospirillum rubrum was investigated. Triphenyltin inhibits the hydrolysis of chromatophore membrane-bound pyrophosphatase in a pH-dependent pattern, being maximal at pH 9-10. At basic pH values, the inhibition produced by this organotin on membrane-bound pyrophosphatase is very similar to that produced on the chromatophore H+ATPase (I50 = 14.4 and 10 microM, respectively). Detergent-solubilized membrane-bound pyrophosphatase is also inhibited by triphenyltin, but the cytoplasmic enzyme of R. rubrum is inhibited only slightly. The inhibitory effect of triphenyltin on membrane-bound pyrophosphatase is the same with Mg-PPi or Zn-PPi, and is dependent on the chromatophore membrane concentration. Triphenyltin modified mainly the Vmax of the enzyme, and only slightly its Km. Free Mg2+ does not reverse the inhibition. Reducing agents prevent triphenyltin inhibition of the membrane-bound pyrophosphatase, but their effect is due to an alteration of the inhibitor, and not to a modification of thiol groups of the enzyme. The most likely site for triphenyltin inhibition in chromatophore membrane-bound pyrophosphatase is a component either within or closely associated with the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Celis
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 04510, D. F. México.
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Abstract
An X-ray structure of the F1 portion of the mitochondrial ATP synthase shows asymmetry and differences in nucleotide binding of the catalytic beta subunits that support the binding change mechanism with an internal rotation of the gamma subunit. Other structural and mutational probes of the F1 and F0 portions of the ATP synthase are reviewed, together with kinetic and other evaluations of catalytic site occupancy and behavior during hydrolysis or synthesis of ATP. Subunit function as related to proton translocation and rotational catalysis is considered. Physical demonstrations of the gamma subunit rotation have been achieved. The findings have implications for other enzymatic catalyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Boyer
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1570, USA
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35
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Beharry S, Bragg PD. The bound adenine nucleotides of purified bovine mitochondrial ATP synthase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1996; 240:165-72. [PMID: 8797850 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0165h.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The experiments in this study were directed towards defining the nucleotide content of purified beef-heart mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase during binding and hydrolysis of ATP. The purified, soluble synthase as prepared contained 2 mol ATP and 2 mol ADP/mol enzyme. Three of these four nucleotides were exchangeable on incubation with radiolabelled MgATP. Passage of the ATP synthase through a column of Sephadex G-50 readily removed 1 mol ADP/mol. The remaining bound nucleotides were not displaced by incubation with 1 mM GTP or 5 mM sodium sulfite, the latter an activator of the ATPase activity of the synthase. Incubation of the synthase with 250 microM MgATP in the presence of 3 mM sodium azide, an inhibitor of the ATPase, resulted in the transitory formation of a form of the enzyme in which 5-6 nucleotide-binding sites were loaded with ATP and/or ADP, thus showing that the ATP synthase, like the soluble F1 ATPase, contained a minimum of six nucleotide-binding sites. The presence of an ATP-regenerating system during incubation with MgATP resulted in the loading of 5-6 sites to yield a form of the enzyme containing 3-4 mol ATP and 2 mol ADP/mol synthase even after passage through a centrifuged column. Following hydrolysis of the medium MgATP, the enzyme reached a stable form containing 2 mol ATP and 2 mol ADP/mol synthase. Like the form of the enzyme originally prepared, 1 mol ADP/mol synthase was readily released. However, this ADP remained bound to the synthase in the presence of GTP if azide was present. These results are discussed in the context of current ideas about nucleotide-binding sites on the F1 ATPase portion of the F1F0 ATP synthase. It is concluded that the properties of the sites on the F1F0 synthase show some differences from those on the F1 ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beharry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Souid AK, Penefsky HS. Energetics of ATP dissociation from the mitochondrial ATPase during oxidative phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:9074-82. [PMID: 7721821 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.16.9074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The dissociation constant (KdATP) for ATP bound in the high affinity catalytic site of membrane-bound beef heart mitochondrial ATPase (F1) was calculated from the ratio of the rate constants for the reverse dissociation step (k-1) and the forward binding step (k+1). k-1 for ATP bound to submitochondrial particles or to submitochondrial particles washed with KCl so as to activate ATPase activity was accelerated by about five orders of magnitude during respiratory chain-linked oxidations of NADH. In the presence of NADH and 0.1 mM ADP, k-1 increased more than six orders of magnitude. These energy-dependent dissociations of ATP were sensitive to the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethyloxyphenylhydrazone. Only small changes in k+1 were observed in the presence of NADH or NADH and ADP. KdATP at 23 degrees C in the absence of NADH and ADP was 10(-12) M, in the presence of NADH, 3 microM, and in the presence of NADH and 0.1 mM ADP, 60 microM. Thus, the dissociation of ATP during the transition from non-energized to energized states was, under these conditions, accompanied by observed free energy changes of 8 and 9.7 kcal/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Souid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Syracuse 13210, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hatefi
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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ATP synthesis energized by delta pNa and delta psi in proteoliposomes containing the F0F1-ATPase from Propionigenium modestum. J Biol Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)82400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Studies on the mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation. ATP synthesis by submitochondrial particles inhibited at F0 by venturicidin and organotin compounds. J Biol Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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