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Lietzan AD, St. Maurice M. Functionally diverse biotin-dependent enzymes with oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 544:75-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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2
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Moss J, Lane MD. The biotin-dependent enzymes. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 35:321-442. [PMID: 4150153 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122808.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mildvan AS, Fry DC. NMR studies of the mechanism of enzyme action. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 59:241-313. [PMID: 3544711 DOI: 10.1002/9780470123058.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hall PR, Zheng R, Antony L, Pusztai-Carey M, Carey PR, Yee VC. Transcarboxylase 5S structures: assembly and catalytic mechanism of a multienzyme complex subunit. EMBO J 2004; 23:3621-31. [PMID: 15329673 PMCID: PMC517613 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2004] [Accepted: 07/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcarboxylase is a 1.2 million Dalton (Da) multienzyme complex from Propionibacterium shermanii that couples two carboxylation reactions, transferring CO(2)(-) from methylmalonyl-CoA to pyruvate to yield propionyl-CoA and oxaloacetate. Crystal structures of the 5S metalloenzyme subunit, which catalyzes the second carboxylation reaction, have been solved in free form and bound to its substrate pyruvate, product oxaloacetate, or inhibitor 2-ketobutyrate. The structure reveals a dimer of beta(8)alpha(8) barrels with an active site cobalt ion coordinated by a carbamylated lysine, except in the oxaloacetate complex in which the product's carboxylate group serves as a ligand instead. 5S and human pyruvate carboxylase (PC), an enzyme crucial to gluconeogenesis, catalyze similar reactions. A 5S-based homology model of the PC carboxyltransferase domain indicates a conserved mechanism and explains the molecular basis of mutations in lactic acidemia. PC disease mutations reproduced in 5S result in a similar decrease in carboxyltransferase activity and crystal structures with altered active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela R Hall
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Run Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lizamma Antony
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Paul R Carey
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vivien C Yee
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Di Berardino M, Dimroth P. Synthesis of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase Na+ pump and its individual subunits in Escherichia coli and analysis of their function. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1995; 231:790-801. [PMID: 7649179 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The oadGAB genes encoding the gamma, alpha and beta-subunits of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase Na+ pump in Klebsiella pneumoniae have been cloned on plasmid pSK-GAB and expressed in Escherichia coli. The membranes of the recombinant E. coli clone contained about three times as much catalytically active oxaloacetate decarboxylase (3 mg protein/2 g wet cells) as those of the K. pneumoniae strain from which the genes were derived. The enzyme was solubilised from the membranes with Triton X-100 and purified. Its Na+ transport function was demonstrated after reconstitution into proteoliposomes. Proteoliposomes containing only the membrane-bound subunits beta and gamma (not the peripheral alpha-subunit) were unable to catalyse Na+ translocation in response to a transmembrane Na+ (delta pNa+) or electrical gradient (delta psi). Individual subunits of oxaloacetate decarboxylase and combinations of two subunits were expressed from appropriate derivatives of plasmid pSK-GAB. The hydrophobic subunits beta and beta gamma were membrane-bound as expected. Interestingly, the alpha-subunit was located in the cytoplasm if expressed separately or together with beta, but became membrane-bound if expressed together with gamma. A gamma alpha complex was isolated from such membranes by avidin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Interactions of the gamma-subunit with the water-soluble alpha-subunit and with the membrane-bound beta-subunit are therefore required to form the oxaloacetate decarboxylase complex. The combinations of separately expressed subunits gamma alpha + beta and beta gamma+alpha were shown to yield the catalytically active enzyme. The alpha or the beta-subunit and the combinations of these subunits with the gamma-subunit were therefore expressed in E. coli in a catalytically competent state. Functional expression of the separate gamma-subunit, however, could not be demonstrated. The alpha-subunit was strongly overexpressed from a pT7-7 derived plasmid, but was only partially biotinylated under these conditions. On coexpression of the birA gene encoding biotin ligase the major part (80-100%) of the overexpressed alpha-subunit was biotinylated. Highly purified alpha-subunit was obtained by fractionated precipitation of the soluble cell fraction with ammonium sulfate. Incubation of the alpha-subunit with oxaloacetate led to a CO2 transfer to its prosthetic biotin group with the formation of stoichiometric amounts of pyruvate. The velocity of the CO2 transfer to the biotin on the alpha-subunit was about three orders of magnitude too low to account for the rate of the overall reaction. The carboxyltransfer reaction was significantly accelerated if the gamma-subunit was additionally present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Di Berardino
- Mikrobiologisches Institut, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich, Switzerland
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Dimroth P, Thomer A. The sodium ion pumping oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Metal ion content, inhibitors and proteolytic degradation studies. FEBS Lett 1992; 300:67-70. [PMID: 1547890 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80165-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae was shown to contain between 0.6 and 1.0 mol zinc per mol enzyme in different preparations. The decarboxylase activity was completely abolished after 15 min incubation with 1 mM Hg(NO3)2 in phosphate buffer, while the activity decreased only 20% if the incubation was performed in MES/Tris buffer. Treatment of the isolated subunits with Hg(NO3)2 indicated that the binding site for Hg2+ ions is on the alpha subunit. Other inhibitors of the decarboxylase are KSCN and diethylstilbestrol. Inactivation of the enzyme with 2% 1-butanol was significantly reduced by 100 mM NaCl. Sodium ions also protected the isolated beta + gamma subunits from a digestion with trypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dimroth
- Mikrobiologisches Institut, Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule, ETH-Zentrum, Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Botella JM, Klaebe A, Perie J, Monnier E. Aminolyse de carbamates cycliques analogues de la carboxybiotine ; catalyse métallique et modélisation de transfert de carboxyle. Tetrahedron 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)90121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Shen B, Gould SJ. Opposite facial specificity for two hydroquinone epoxidases: (3-si,4-re)-2,5-dihydroxyacetanilide epoxidase from Streptomyces LL-C10037 and (3-re,4-si)-2,5-dihydroxyacetanilide epoxidase from Streptomyces MPP 3051. Biochemistry 1991; 30:8936-44. [PMID: 1892811 DOI: 10.1021/bi00101a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
(3-si,4-re)-2,5-Dihydroxyacetanilide epoxidase (DHAE I), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the epoxysemiquinone antibiotic LL-C10037 alpha by Streptomyces LL-C10037 [Gould, S.J., & Shen, B. (1991) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 684-686], and (3-re,4-si)-2,5-dihydroxyacetanilide epoxidase (DHAE II) isolated from Streptomyces MPP 3051--which yields the (3R,4S)-epoxyquinone mirror image product of DHAE I--are described. DHAE I was purified 640-fold. Gel permeation chromatography indicated an Mr of 117,000 +/- 10,000; SDS-PAGE gave a major band of 22,300 daltons, indicating that DHAE I is either a pentamer or hexamer in solution. The enzyme had a pH optimum of 6.5, a Km of 8.4 +/- 0.5 microM, and a Vmax of 3.7 +/- 0.2 mumol min-1 mg-1. DHAE II was purified 1489-fold. The enzyme was shown to be a dimer of Mr 33,000 +/- 2000, with 16,000-dalton subunits, with a pH optimum of 5.5 and a Km of 7.2 +/- 0.4 microM. Both enzymes required only O2 and substrate; flavin and nicotinamide coenzymes had little or no effect. Neither catalase nor EDTA affected the activity of either enzyme, but complete inhibition of both was obtained with 1,10-phenanthroline. The activity of the purified DHAE I could be enhanced, but only by Mn2+ (relative V = 246 at 0.04 mM), Ni2+ (relative V = 266 at 0.2 mM), or Co2+ (relative = 498 at 0.2 mM). Reconstitution from a DHAE I apoenzyme, generated by treatment with 1,10-phenanthroline followed by Sephadex G-25 chromatography, occurred only by addition of one of these three metals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331-4003
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Raju NR, Devi SS, Nand K. Influence of trace elements on biogas production from mango processing waste in 1.5 m3 KVIC digesters. Biotechnol Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01031002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fry DC, Fox T, Lane MD, Mildvan AS. NMR studies of the exchange of the amide protons of d-biotin and its derivatives. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1985; 447:140-51. [PMID: 3860170 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb18434.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Sigel H, Scheller KH. Metal ion complexes of d-biotin in solution. Stability of the stereoselective thioether coordination. J Inorg Biochem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(00)80266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Abstract
The coenzyme d-biotin offers in its anionic form to metal ions 3 possible binding sites: the carboxylate group of the valerate side chain, the ureido residue of the 2-imidazolidone ring, and the thioether sulfur of the tetrahydrothiophene ring; the coordinating properties of these groups are summarized and compared. Hydrogen bond formation of the ureido group has also been observed, and hydrogen bonding may possibly be important in biotin-bicarbonate recognition. The aliphatic part of the valeric acid side chain can undergo hydrophobic interactions. Such interactions and/or the stereoselective sulfur-metal ion coordination could be the means for a correct 'fixation' of the biotinyl moiety at the surface of a protein, thus creating the active enzyme-substrate complex.
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Scherer P, Sahm H. Effect of trace elements and vitamins on the growth of Methanosarcina barkeri. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/abio.370010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pry TA, Hsu RY. Equilibrium substrate binding studies of the malic enzyme of pigeon liver. Equivalence of nucleotide sites and anticooperativity associated with the binding of L-malate to the enzyme-manganese(II)-reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ternary complex. Biochemistry 1980; 19:951-62. [PMID: 7356971 DOI: 10.1021/bi00546a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Malic enzyme (ME) from pigeon liver is a tetrameric protein containing apparently identical subunits. In the present study, equilibrium dialysis and fluorescence titration techniques are employed to determine the binding parameters of nucleotide cofactors, malate, and the inhibitor oxalate. ME binds NADP+ or NADPH at four independent and equivalent sites with dissociation constants of 1.33 microM (pH 7.5, 4 degrees C) and 0.29 microM (pH 7.0, 5 degrees C), respectively, showing "all-of-the-sites" reactivity. The affinity of both nucleotides decreases with increasing temperature, yielding delta Hdissociation values of 11.4 kcal/mol for E-NADP+ and 8.9 kcal/mol for E-NADPH, thus implicating the involvement of polar forces in the binding process. The affinity of NADP+ is independent of pH between 6.1 and 8.4 whereas that of NADPH is highly pH dependent and decreases approximately 63-fold from pH 6.0 to pH 8.0. The pH profile suggests the participation of a protonated enzyme group(s) (pK = 7.2-7.5) in NADPH binding, probably a histidine residue. The affinity of NADP+ is enhanced ca. twofold by pyruvate, in the presence of Mn2+ (50-100 microM) saturating only two "tight" metal sites [Hsu, R. Y., Mildvan, A. S., Chang, G. G., & Fung, C. H. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 6574]. Binding of Mn2+ at weak metal sites (KD congruent to 0.9 mM) prevents this change. Malate binds free ME or binary E-Mn2+ and E-NADP+ (H) complexes weakly with dissociation constants of greater than or equal to 2 mM. The affinity is significantly increased by Mn2+ and NADPH in the ternary E-Mn2+-NADPH complex, yielding two "tight" (KD = 22-30 microM) and two "weak" (KD = 250-400 microM) malate sites per enzyme tetramer as the result of either preexisting nonidentity or negative cooperativity between intitially identical sites. The transition-state inhibitor oxalate binds ME tightly (KD = 65 microM) at the two tight malate sites, showing "half-of-the-sites" stoichiometry. The binding parameters are unaffected by Mn2+, whereas the affinity of this inhibitor is enhanced 3.5-fold by saturation with NADPH. Further evidence for the half-of-the-sites reactivity of the affinity label bromopyruvate [Pry, T. A., & Hsu, R. Y. (1978) Biochemistry 17, 4024] is obtained by sequential modification of the four putatively identical SH groups of ME with bromopyruvate, 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitro-benzoic acid), and K14CN. The modified enzyme has a structure of E4(S-pyr)2(S-14CN)2 and is "inactive" in the reaction with malate. In contrast, the E(S-14CN)4 derivative prepared in the absence of bromopyruvate is completely active. The oxidative decarboxylase reaction is inhibited by high concentrations (greater than or equal to 0.3 mM) of malate in the presence of tightly bound Mn2+. Direct binding studies show a parallel increase in the affinity of NADPH, confirming our previous notion [Reynolds, C. H., Hsu, R. Y., Matthews, B., Pry, T. A., & Daibits the rate-limiting NADPH release step.
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Schönheit P, Moll J, Thauer RK. Nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum requirement for growth of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. Arch Microbiol 1979; 123:105-7. [PMID: 120728 DOI: 10.1007/bf00403508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growth of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum on H2 and CO2 as sole energy and carbon sources was found to be dependent on Ni, Co, and Mo. At low concentrations of Ni (less than 100 nM), Co (less than 10 nM) and Mo (less than 10 nM) the amount of cells formed was roughly proportional to the amount of transition metal added to the medium; for the formation of 1 g cells (dry weight) approximately 150 nmol NiCl2, 20 nmol CoCl2 and 20 nmol Na2MoO4 were required. A dependence of growth on Cu, Mn, Zn, Ca, Al, and B could not be demonstrated. Conditions are described under which the bacterium grew exponentially with a doubling time of 1.8 h up to a cell density of 2 g cells (dry weight)/l.
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Mechanism of malic enzyme from pigeon liver. Magnetic resonance and kinetic studies of the role of Mn2+. J Biol Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)32986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Wood HG, Zwolinski GK. Transcarboxylase: role of biotin, metals, and subunits in the reaction and its quaternary structure. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 4:47-122. [PMID: 782789 DOI: 10.3109/10409237609102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Rose IA, O'Connell EL, Solomon F. Intermolecular tritium transfer in the transcarboxylase reaction. J Biol Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)33870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Chuang M, Ahmad F, Jacobson B, Wood HG. Evidence that the two partial reactions of transcarboxylation are catalyzed by two dissimilar subunits of transcarboxylase. Biochemistry 1975; 14:1611-9. [PMID: 1125191 DOI: 10.1021/bi00679a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The results presented here show that isolated subunits of transcarboxylase specifically catalyze the two partial reactions of transcarboxylation as shown in eq 1-3. The 12S central subunit is active in the transcarboxylation with methylmalonyl-CoA but inactive with oxalacetate and the peripheral metallo 5S subunit is active in the transcarboxylation with oxalacetate but inactive with methylmalonyl-CoA. These subunits, likewise, are specific for the reverse partial reactions; the central subunit catalyzing transfer from the carboxylated biotinyl group to propionyl-CoA to yield methylmalonyl-CoA and the peripheral subunit to pyruvate to yield oxalacetate. Thus, the central subunit contains the sites for the CoA esters (methylmalonyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA) and the peripheral metallo subunits for the keto acids (oxalacetate and pyruvate). In the overall reaction the biotinyl carboxyl carrier protein acts as a shuttle to carry the carboxyl groups between the two subunits. Biotin and certain biotin analogs are inactive in these partial reactions but the similar to 40- or similar to 66-residue biotinyl peptides, which are derived from the carboxyl carrier protein, are active. Transcarboxylase can be reconstituted from its isolated subunits and a comparison was made of the rate of the overall reaction when the subunits were assembled, as in the intact enzyme, with that obtained when the reaction was catalyzed by the nonassembled subunits. In the latter case, since the biotinyl carboxyl carrier subunit must diffuse from one subunit to the other, the overall reaction is much slower than with the assembled subunits. The reaction with trypsinized transcarboxylase from which the similar to 66-residue and similar to 40-residue biotinyl peptides have been stripped, likewise, was slow even though the biotinyl peptides were added to the reconstitution mixture. The 12SH and 5SE subunits remain assembled after trypsin treatment but the biotinyl peptides apparently do not combine firmly or properly with the trypsinized enzyme and the biotinyl group apparently must oscillate as a carboxyl carrier between the two sites on the subunits by diffusion.
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Wood HG, Ahmad F, Jacobson B, Chuang M, Brattin W. Isolation of the Subunits of Transcarboxylase and Reconstitution of the Active Enzyme from the Subunits. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41872-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Fung CH, Mildvan AS, Leigh JS. Electron and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the interaction of pyruvate with transcarboxylase. Biochemistry 1974; 13:1160-9. [PMID: 4360781 DOI: 10.1021/bi00703a017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase* *The investigations cited in this review and unpublished studies carried out in the authors' laboratory were supported in part by research grants AM-14574 and AM-14575, United States Public Health Service and a research grant from the American Heart Association, Inc. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152808-9.50011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Gallo AA, Sable HZ. Rate enhancement of pyruvate aldolization by divalent cations: a model for class II aldolases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 302:443-56. [PMID: 4699251 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(73)90173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Scrutton MC, Reed GH, Mildvan AS. Application of physical methods to the study of enzymes containing bound manganese: problems and prospects. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1973; 40:79-102. [PMID: 4769160 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3240-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Sumper M, Riepertinger C. Structural relationship of biotin-containing enzymes. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and pyruvate carboxylase from yeast. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1972; 29:237-48. [PMID: 4628222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01980.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Scrutton MC. Chapter XII Assay of Enzymes of CO2 Metabolism. METHODS IN MICROBIOLOGY 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0580-9517(08)70584-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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Scrutton MC, Mildvan AS. Pyruvate carboxylase: nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the enzyme-manganese-oxalacetate and enzyme-manganese-pyruvate bridge complexes. Arch Biochem Biophys 1970; 140:131-51. [PMID: 5466117 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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