1
|
Gasparek M, Steel H, Papachristodoulou A. Deciphering mechanisms of production of natural compounds using inducer-producer microbial consortia. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108117. [PMID: 36813010 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Living organisms produce a wide range of metabolites. Because of their potential antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, or cytostatic properties, such natural molecules are of high interest to the pharmaceutical industry. In nature, these metabolites are often synthesized via secondary metabolic biosynthetic gene clusters that are silent under the typical culturing conditions. Among different techniques used to activate these silent gene clusters, co-culturing of "producer" species with specific "inducer" microbes is a particularly appealing approach due to its simplicity. Although several "inducer-producer" microbial consortia have been reported in the literature and hundreds of different secondary metabolites with attractive biopharmaceutical properties have been described as a result of co-cultivating inducer-producer consortia, less attention has been devoted to the understanding of the mechanisms and possible means of induction for production of secondary metabolites in co-cultures. This lack of understanding of fundamental biological functions and inter-species interactions significantly limits the diversity and yield of valuable compounds using biological engineering tools. In this review, we summarize and categorize the known physiological mechanisms of production of secondary metabolites in inducer-producer consortia, and then discuss approaches that could be exploited to optimize the discovery and production of secondary metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Gasparek
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Harrison Steel
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khatami SH, Vakili O, Ahmadi N, Soltani Fard E, Mousavi P, Khalvati B, Maleksabet A, Savardashtaki A, Taheri-Anganeh M, Movahedpour A. Glucose oxidase: Applications, sources, and recombinant production. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:939-950. [PMID: 33840140 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase is a subset of oxidoreductase enzymes that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from an oxidant to a reductant. Glucose oxidases use oxygen as an external electron acceptor that releases hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). Glucose oxidase has many applications in commercial processes, including improving the color and taste, increasing the persistence of food materials, removing the glucose from the dried egg, and eliminating the oxygen from different juices and beverages. Moreover, glucose oxidase, along with catalase, is used in glucose testing kits (especially in biosensors) to detect and measure the presence of glucose in industrial and biological solutions (e.g., blood and urine specimens). Hence, glucose oxidase is a valuable enzyme in the industry and medical diagnostics. Therefore, evaluating the structure and function of glucose oxidase is crucial for modifying as well as improving its catalytic properties. Finding different sources of glucose oxidase is an effective way to find the type of enzyme with the desired catalysis. Besides, the recombinant production of glucose oxidase is the best approach to produce sufficient amounts of glucose oxidase for various uses. Accordingly, the study of various aspects of glucose oxidase in biotechnology and bioprocessing is crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elahe Soltani Fard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Pegah Mousavi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalvati
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Amir Maleksabet
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zetina-Serrano C, Rocher O, Naylies C, Lippi Y, Oswald IP, Lorber S, Puel O. The brlA Gene Deletion Reveals That Patulin Biosynthesis Is Not Related to Conidiation in Penicillium expansum. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6660. [PMID: 32932988 PMCID: PMC7555563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissemination and survival of ascomycetes is through asexual spores. The brlA gene encodes a C2H2-type zinc-finger transcription factor, which is essential for asexual development. Penicillium expansum causes blue mold disease and is the main source of patulin, a mycotoxin that contaminates apple-based food. A P. expansum PeΔbrlA deficient strain was generated by homologous recombination. In vivo, suppression of brlA completely blocked the development of conidiophores that takes place after the formation of coremia/synnemata, a required step for the perforation of the apple epicarp. Metabolome analysis displayed that patulin production was enhanced by brlA suppression, explaining a higher in vivo aggressiveness compared to the wild type (WT) strain. No patulin was detected in the synnemata, suggesting that patulin biosynthesis stopped when the fungus exited the apple. In vitro transcriptome analysis of PeΔbrlA unveiled an up-regulated biosynthetic gene cluster (PEXP_073960-PEXP_074060) that shares high similarity with the chaetoglobosin gene cluster of Chaetomium globosum. Metabolome analysis of PeΔbrlA confirmed these observations by unveiling a greater diversity of chaetoglobosin derivatives. We observed that chaetoglobosins A and C were found only in the synnemata, located outside of the apple, whereas other chaetoglobosins were detected in apple flesh, suggesting a spatial-temporal organization of the chaetoglobosin biosynthesis pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Puel
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France; (C.Z.-S.); (O.R.); (C.N.); (Y.L.); (I.P.O.); (S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shahinuzzaman M, Yaakob Z, Anuar FH, Akhtar P, Kadir NHA, Hasan AKM, Sobayel K, Nour M, Sindi H, Amin N, Sopian K, Akhtaruzzaman M. In vitro antioxidant activity of Ficus carica L. latex from 18 different cultivars. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10852. [PMID: 32616768 PMCID: PMC7331616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As synthetic antioxidants that are widely used in foods are known to cause detrimental health effects, studies on natural additives as potential antioxidants are becoming increasingly important. In this work, the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of Ficus carica Linn latex from 18 cultivars were investigated. The TPC of latex was calculated using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used for antioxidant activity assessment. The bioactive compounds from F. carica latex were extracted via maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with 75% ethanol as solvent. Under the same extraction conditions, the latex of cultivar ‘White Genoa’ showed the highest antioxidant activity of 65.91% ± 1.73% and 61.07% ± 1.65% in DPPH, 98.96% ± 1.06% and 83.04% ± 2.16% in ABTS, and 27.08 ± 0.34 and 24.94 ± 0.84 mg TE/g latex in FRAP assay via maceration and UAE, respectively. The TPC of ‘White Genoa’ was 315.26 ± 6.14 and 298.52 ± 9.20 µg GAE/mL via the two extraction methods, respectively. The overall results of this work showed that F. carica latex is a potential natural source of antioxidants. This finding is useful for further advancements in the fields of food supplements, food additives and drug synthesis in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Shahinuzzaman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zahira Yaakob
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farah Hannan Anuar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Parul Akhtar
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N H A Kadir
- School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - A K Mahmud Hasan
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K Sobayel
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Majid Nour
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Sindi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nowshad Amin
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (@The National Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K Sopian
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Md Akhtaruzzaman
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Engineering glucose oxidase for bioelectrochemical applications. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 128:218-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
6
|
|
7
|
Foster JW, Woodruff HB, McDaniel LE. Microbiological Aspects of Penicillin: III. Production of Penicillin in Surface Cultures of Penicillium notatum. J Bacteriol 2006; 46:421-33. [PMID: 16560723 PMCID: PMC373840 DOI: 10.1128/jb.46.5.421-433.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J W Foster
- Research Laboratory, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N. J
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Foster JW, Woodruff HB. Microbiological Aspects of Penicillin: I. Methods of Assay. J Bacteriol 2006; 46:187-202. [PMID: 16560688 PMCID: PMC373803 DOI: 10.1128/jb.46.2.187-202.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J W Foster
- Research Laboratory, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N. J
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
NOTATIN, SYN. PENICILLIN A, PENICILLIN B, PENATIN, E. COLI FACTOR, CORYLOPHYLIN, P. L. FACTOR. Antibiotics (Basel) 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-9801-9.50048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
12
|
Reiss J. [Studies on the cytochemical determination of glucose oxidase (E.C. 1.1.3.4) in Aspergillus niger]. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1966; 7:202-10. [PMID: 5959123 DOI: 10.1007/bf00577839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
MASON HS. Mechanisms of oxygen metabolism. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED SUBJECTS OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1957; 19:79-233. [PMID: 13508397 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122648.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
21
|
Friemann J, Franke W. Zur Kenntnis der sog. Glucose-oxydase. IV. Beziehungen zwischen enzymatischer und antibakterieller Wirkung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1948. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19485590306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
22
|
MUKHERJEE SL, SARKHEL BC. Synthetic Liquid Penicillin Medium with Glycerine as the Sole Source of Carbon Atom. Nature 1946; 157:440. [DOI: 10.1038/157440b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
25
|
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- W H Schmidt
- Fermentation Division, Northern Regional Research Laboratory, Peoria, Illinois
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
SCHONWALD PHILIPP. A New Era in the Fight Against Microbes. Calif Med 1944. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.10.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
28
|
Van Bruggen J, Reithel F, Cain C, Katzman PA, Doisy EA, Muir R, Roberts E, Gaby W, Homan D, Jones L. PENICILLIN B: PREPARATION, PURIFICATION, AND MODE OF ACTION. J Biol Chem 1943. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)72293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
29
|
|