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Cheng X, He D, Liao C, Lin S, Tang L, Wang YL, Hu J, Li W, Liu Z, Wu Y, Liao Y. IL-1/IL-1R signaling induced by all-trans-retinal contributes to complement alternative pathway activation in retinal pigment epithelium. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3660-3674. [PMID: 33034385 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of complement activation in Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are not fully understood. Overaccumulation of all-trans-retinal (atRAL) has been proposed as the pathogenic factor in both diseases. By incubating retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells with atRAL, we showed that C5b-9 membrane attack complexes (MACs) were generated mainly through complement alternative pathway. An increase in complement factor B (CFB) expression as well as downregulation of complement regulatory proteins CD46, CD55, CD59, and CFH were observed in RPE cells after atRAL treatment. Furthermore, interleukin-1β production was provoked in both atRAL-treated RPE cells and microglia/macrophages. Coincubation of RPE cells with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra) and atRAL ameliorated complement activation and downregulated CFB expression by attenuating both p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways. Our findings demonstrate that atRAL induces an autocrine/paracrine IL-1/IL-1R signaling to promote complement alternative pathway activation in RPE cells and provide a novel perspective on the pathomechanism of macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxuan Cheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Danxue He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Chunyan Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Sijie Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Liying Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuan-Liang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jiaoyue Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Yalin Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen, China
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Mikos AG, McIntire LV, Anderson JM, Babensee JE. Host response to tissue engineered devices. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1998; 33:111-139. [PMID: 10837656 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The two main components of a tissue engineered device are the transplanted cells and the biomaterial, creating a device for the restoration or modification of tissue or organ function. The implantation of polymer/cell constructs combines concepts of biomaterials and cell transplantation. The interconnections between the host responses to the biomaterial and transplanted cells determines the biocompatibility of the device. This review describes the inflammatory response to the biomaterial component and immune response towards transplanted cells. Emphasis is on how the presence of the transplanted cell construct affects the host response. The inflammatory response towards a biomaterial can impact the immune response towards transplanted cells and vice versa. Immune rejection is the most important host response towards the cellular component of tissue engineered devices containing allogeneic, xenogeneic or immunogenic ex vivo manipulated autologous cells. The immune mechanisms towards allografts and xenografts are outlined to provide a basis for the mechanistic hypotheses of the immune response towards encapsulated cells, with antigen shedding and the indirect pathway of antigen presentation predominating. A review of experimental evidence illustrates examples of the inflammatory response towards biodegradable polymer scaffold materials, examples of devices appropriately integrated as assessed morphologically with the host for various applications including bone, nerve, and skin regeneration, and of the immune response towards encapsulated allogeneic and xenogeneic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- AG Mikos
- Cox Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 South Main, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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Batt AM, Ferrari L, Abid A, Sabolović N. Human cell lines in pharmacotoxicology. An introduction to a panel discussion. Cell Biol Toxicol 1995; 11:179-85. [PMID: 8564648 DOI: 10.1007/bf00756521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Various types of cells lines are used in pharmacotoxicology. Established cell lines are easily available, with few ethical restrictions. Some specific properties are preserved, although they have kept the phenotype of the original tissue, which is frequently a tumor phenotype. They are usually more resistant to toxic compounds than freshly isolated cells. Some drug-metabolizing enzymes are expressed and regulated in these cells. Immortalized cell lines are also of interest in toxicology. They are mainly examined for their potential in mutagenicity testing. These cells and numerous others of animal or human origin can be transfected with cDNA coding for human enzymes. They are used for determination of the individual enzyme involved in a particular metabolic pathway, or, when multiple transfections are successfully achieved, for mutagenicity testing. Regulation studies are also possible in such cells after transfection of DNA elements regulating gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Batt
- Centre du Médicament, URA CNRS 597, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, France
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