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Zhou Q, Li J, Yu H, Zhai Y, Gao Z, Liu Y, Pang X, Zhang L, Schulten K, Sun F, Chen C. Molecular insights into the membrane-associated phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIα. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3552. [PMID: 24675427 PMCID: PMC3974213 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIα (PI4KIIα), a membrane-associated PI kinase, plays a central role in cell signalling and trafficking. Its kinase activity critically depends on palmitoylation of its cysteine-rich motif (-CCPCC-) and is modulated by the membrane environment. Lack of atomic structure impairs our understanding of the mechanism regulating kinase activity. Here we present the crystal structure of human PI4KIIα in ADP-bound form. The structure identifies the nucleotide-binding pocket that differs notably from that found in PI3Ks. Two structural insertions, a palmitoylation insertion and an RK-rich insertion, endow PI4KIIα with the ‘integral’ membrane-binding feature. Molecular dynamics simulations, biochemical and mutagenesis studies reveal that the palmitoylation insertion, containing an amphipathic helix, contributes to the PI-binding pocket and anchors PI4KIIα to the membrane, suggesting that fluctuation of the palmitoylation insertion affects PI4KIIα’s activity. We conclude from our results that PI4KIIα’s activity is regulated indirectly through changes in the membrane environment. Type II PI4-kinase dysfunction is associated with diseases including cancer and Alzheimer's disease; however, the development of specific modulators has been hampered by a lack of structural information. Zhou et al. present the crystal structure of PI4KIIα in its ADP-bound form, providing insight into its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangjun Zhou
- 1] National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China [3]
| | - Jiangmei Li
- 1] National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2]
| | - Hang Yu
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Yujia Zhai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- 1] National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanxin Liu
- Beckman Institute and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Pang
- 1] National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lunfeng Zhang
- 1] National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Klaus Schulten
- 1] Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA [2] Beckman Institute and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Fei Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chang Chen
- 1] National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
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