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Development of a multi-preservative method based on solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for cosmetic analysis. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1339:13-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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2
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Cheng CY, Wang YC, Chen HC, Ding WH. Simplified Derivatization Method for Triclosan Determination in Personal Care Products by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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3
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Analysis of multi-class preservatives in leave-on and rinse-off cosmetics by matrix solid-phase dispersion. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:3293-304. [PMID: 21947013 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Matrix solid-phase extraction has been successfully applied for the determination of multi-class preservatives in a wide variety of cosmetic samples including rinse-off and leave-on products. After extraction, derivatization with acetic anhydride, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis were performed. Optimization studies were done on real non-spiked and spiked leave-on and rinse-off cosmetic samples. The selection of the most suitable extraction conditions was made using statistical tools such as ANOVA, as well as factorial experimental designs. The final optimized conditions were common for both groups of cosmetics and included the dispersion of the sample with Florisil (1:4), and the elution of the MSPD column with 5 mL of hexane/acetone (1:1). After derivatization, the extract was analyzed without any further clean-up or concentration step. Accuracy, precision, linearity and detection limits were evaluated to assess the performance of the proposed method. The recovery studies on leave-on and rinse-off cosmetics gave satisfactory values (>78% for all analytes in all the samples) with an average relative standard deviation value of 4.2%. The quantification limits were well below those set by the international cosmetic regulations, making this multi-component analytical method suitable for routine control. The analysis of a broad range of cosmetics including body milk, moisturizing creams, anti-stretch marks creams, hand creams, deodorant, shampoos, liquid soaps, makeup, sun milk, hand soaps, among others, demonstrated the high use of most of the target preservatives, especially butylated hydroxytoluene, methylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben.
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Sanchez-Prado L, Lamas JP, Lores M, Garcia-Jares C, Llompart M. Simultaneous In-Cell Derivatization Pressurized Liquid Extraction for the Determination of Multiclass Preservatives in Leave-On Cosmetics. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9384-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101985h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sanchez-Prado
- Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Campus Sur, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J. Pablo Lamas
- Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Campus Sur, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Lores
- Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Campus Sur, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Garcia-Jares
- Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Campus Sur, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Llompart
- Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Nutricion y Bromatologia, Campus Sur, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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5
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Loginova LP, Kulikov AU, Yakovleva EY, Boichenko AP. MLC Determination of Preservatives in Cranberry Foodstuffs. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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6
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Altiokka G, Ergun B, Can NO, Aboul‐Enein HY. Validated Reversed Phase HPLC Method for the Analysis of the Food Additive, Sodium Benzoate, in Soft Drinks and Jams. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070601128501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goksel Altiokka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Anadolu University , Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - B. Ergun
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Anadolu University , Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Nafiz O. Can
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Anadolu University , Eskisehir, Turkey
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Gagliardi L, De Orsi D, Manna L, Tonelli D. Simultaneous Determination of Antioxidants and Preservatives in Cosmetics and Pharmaceutical Preparations by Reversed-Phase HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079708006333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Gagliardi
- a Laboratorio di Chimica del Farmaco , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - D. De Orsi
- a Laboratorio di Chimica del Farmaco , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - L. Manna
- b Dipartimento di Chimica ed Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente , Attive Università “La Sapienza” , Rome , Italy
| | - D. Tonelli
- c Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica ed Inorganica , Università di Bologna , Viale del Risorgimento 4 40136, Bologna , Italy
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8
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Memon N, Bhanger MI, Khuhawer MY. Determination of preservatives in cosmetics and food samples by micellar liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2005; 28:635-8. [PMID: 15912732 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200500060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An analytical procedure has been developed for the analysis of benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, isopropyl-, and butyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid by micellar liquid chromatography. After dilution in n-propanol the sample was directly injected onto a Lichrosorb ODS, 5 microm (250 x 4.6 mm ID) column and eluted with aqueous 2% Brij-35 adjusted to pH 3.0 with phosphoric acid:propanol (80:20 v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL min(-1) and UV detection at 254 nm. A linear calibration curve was obtained simultaneously for each component in the range of 50-500 microg mL(-1) for benzoic acid and 5-150 microg mL(-1) for the other components; detection limits were within 25-250 ng mL(-1) corresponding to 125-1250 pg per injection (5 microL). The reproducibility in terms of average peak area and average retention time was obtained with coefficients of variation (CV) of 1.2% and 0.5%. The method was applied to analysis of these compounds in cosmetics (shampoos, hand lotions, creams, and bath foam) and food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najma Memon
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
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Marengo E, Gianotti V, Angioi S, Gennaro MC. Optimization by experimental design and artificial neural networks of the ion-interaction reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separation of twenty cosmetic preservatives. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1029:57-65. [PMID: 15032350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2003.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Particular attention are recently receiving antimicrobial agents added as preservatives in hygiene and cosmetics commercial products, since some of them are suspected to be harmful to the human health. The preservatives used belong to different classes of chemical species and are generally used in their mixtures. Multi-component methods able to simultaneously determinate species with different chemical structure are therefore highly required in quality control analysis. This paper presents an ion interaction RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous separation of the 20 typical antimicrobial agents most used in cosmetics and hygiene products, that are: benzoic acid, salicylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl-benzoate, methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl-paraben, o-phenyl-phenol, 4-chloro-m-cresol, triclocarban, dehydroacetic acid, bronopol, sodium pyrithione and chlorhexidine. For the development of the method and the optimization of the chromatographic conditions, an experimental design was planned and models were built by the use of artificial neural network to correlate the retention time of each analyte to the variables and their interactions. The neuronal models developed showed good predictive ability and were used, by a grid search algorithm, to optimize the chromatographic conditions for the separation of the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Marengo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Spain Marengo 33, 15100 Alessandria, Italy.
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Piccoli A, Fiori J, Andrisano V, Orioli M. Determination of triclosan in personal health care products by liquid chromatography (HPLC). FARMACO (SOCIETA CHIMICA ITALIANA : 1989) 2002; 57:369-72. [PMID: 12058811 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(02)01225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An isocratic reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is proposed for the practical and reliable determination of triclosan, an antimicrobic agent incorporated into a variety of personal heath care products. Chromatographic separations were performed on a C-18 column using acetonitrile-TEA phosphate (70 mM; pH 3.5) 55:45 (v/v) as mobile phase and UV detection at 230 and 280 nm. The selectivity of the method was assured by the on-line photodiode array detector. The identity of the triclosan peak was also confirmed by HPLC MS. The method was successfully applied to the determination of triclosan in commercially available health care products (deodorant stick, dentifrice gel, mouthrinse, toothpaste and handwash). All the products displayed triclosan concentrations in compliance with the EEC directive (< or = 0.3%,).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Piccoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Italy
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Marijan N, Marijan D. Determination of triclocarban in stick antiperspirants by quantitative thin-layer chromatography. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2002. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.15.2002.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Analysis of phenols in pharmaceuticals by liquid chromatography after pre-column labelling and on-line post-column photochemical derivatization. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gatti R, Roveri P, Bonazzi D, Cavrini V. HPLC-fluorescence determination of chlorocresol and chloroxylenol in pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1997; 16:405-12. [PMID: 9589397 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(97)00078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of 2-chloro-6,7-dimethoxy-3-quinolinecarboxaldehyde as a fluorogenic labelling reagent in pre-column derivatization for the HPLC separation of chlorophenols has been investigated. The compound reacts (50 min at 110 degrees C) with 2- and 4-chlorophenols to give fluorescent ethers that can be separated by reversed-phase HPLC and detected at lambda exc = 360 nm, lambda em = 500 nm. The experimental conditions for derivatization and chromatographic separation are discussed. Applications for the determination of chlorocresol (4-chloro-3-cresol) and chloroxylenol (4-chloro-3,5-xylenol) in pharmaceutical formulations (creams, ointments) are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Bologna, Italy
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Aluoch-Orwa J, Quintens I, Roets E, Hoogmartens J. Quantitative analysis of methyl and propyl p-hydroxybenzoate esters in ointment preparations by liquid chromatography on poly(styrene-divinylbenzene). Eur J Pharm Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0928-0987(95)00019-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Ohlemeier LA, Gavlick WK. Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Hospital Disinfectant Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079508010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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