Ion chromatography with ultraviolet and amperometric detection for iodide and thiocyanate in concentrated salt solutions

A C4-modified bipyridinium multi-mode stationary phase for reversed phase, hydrophilic interaction and ion exchange chromatography

A novel C4-modified bipyridinium stationary phase (Sil-DPC4) was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis (EA) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and further investigated for multi-mode liquid chromatography. The chromatographic performances of Sil-DPC4 were evaluated by reversed-phase chromatography using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenylamines and phenols, hydrophilic interaction chromatography using nucleosides and nucleobases, and ion exchange chromatography using inorganic ions and organic ions. The effects of the acetonitrile content, salt concentration and pH value of the mobile phase on the retention of Sil-DPC4 were also investigated. Sil-DPC4 showed multiple retention mechanisms including π-π, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions for PAHs, phenylamines and phenols compared with a dipyridine modified silica stationary phase (Sil-DP) and C18 in RPLC, faster separation for nucleosides and nucleobases compared with Sil-DP, and higher hydrophilicity than HILIC in HILIC, and stronger retention and better separation ability for inorganic ions and organic ions in comparison to Sil-DP in IEC. Besides, Sil-DPC4 was used successfully to detect iodide in artificial seawater and had the potential to analyze radionuclide iodine-131 in seawater. In conclusion, multiple retention mechanisms of Sil-DPC4 could make it have potential applications in complex samples.

Performance of a New 235 nm UV-LED-Based On-Capillary Photometric Detector

In this work, for the first time, a sub-250 nm light-emitting diode (LED) is investigated as a light source for optical detection in chemical analysis. A 235 nm deep ultraviolet-light-emitting diode (UV-LED) is employed within an on-capillary photometric detector and applied in capillary ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) for the detection of common ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing anions (here, iodide, nitrate, and nitrite). This investigation focused on fundamental properties of UV-LEDs, in particular, emission spectra, radiometric power, effective heat dissipation with a passive heat sink, and energy conversion. The detection showed excellent linearity with stray light down to 0.6%, and an effective path length at 92% of the used capillary inner diameter. The analytical performance parameters were demonstrated by detection of chromatographic separation of iodide in simulated seawater, showing a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.30 μmol L^-1, a linear range of 7.9-3937 μmol L^-1, and reproducibility (with a relative standard deviation (RSD)) of 0.6% for peak height 0.7% for peak area. In addition, nitrite and nitrate were selected to study the potential of using deep UV-LEDs as the light source in photometric detection for even lower-wavelength-absorbing analytes (λ_max = 209 nm for nitrite and 200 nm for nitrate), showing reproducibility (RSD = 1.2% and 3.6% for peak height and 0.9% and 2.9% for peak area, respectively) and LOD = 7 and 26 μmol L^-1.