1
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Wan M, Li YS, Luo YX, Li H, Gao XF. A new spectrophotometric method for uric acid detection based on copper doped mimic peroxidase. Anal Biochem 2023; 664:115045. [PMID: 36657510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cascade reactions catalyzed by natural uricase and mimic peroxidase (MPOD) have been applied for uric acid (UA) detection. However, the optimal catalytic activity of MPOD is mostly in acidic conditions (pH 2-5), mismatching the optimal catalytic alkaline environment of uricase. In this paper, using CuSO4 and urea as raw materials, a MPOD with high catalytic activity in alkaline environment was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Then, based on coupling reaction of uricase/UA/MPOD/guaiacol (GA) system, a novel spectrophotometric method was established to detect 5-60 μmol/L UA (limit of detection = 3.14 μmol/L (S/N = 3)) and accurately quantified serum UA (275.6 ± 39.9 μmol/L, n = 5) with 95-105% of standard addition recovery. The results were consistent with commercial UA kit (p > 0.05). The MPOD could replace natural POD to reduce the cost of UA detection due to simple preparation and cheap raw materials, and is expected to achieve the specific detection of some substances, like glucose and cholesterol, combined with glucose oxidase and cholesterol oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Wan
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Ya-Xiong Luo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hailing Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Gao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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2
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Twenty years of amino acid determination using capillary electrophoresis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1174:338233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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3
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Joseph T, Thomas J, Thomas T, Thomas N. Selective nanomolar electrochemical detection of serotonin, dopamine and tryptophan using TiO 2/RGO/CPE – influence of reducing agents. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03697a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TiO2/RGO nanocomposites were synthesised via a simple one-pot hydrothermal method and used as a modifier in carbon paste electrode for the sensitive determination of serotonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teena Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, Nirmalagiri College, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - Jasmine Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Nirmalagiri College, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - Tony Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Deva Matha College, Kuravilangad, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Nygil Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Nirmalagiri College, Kannur, Kerala, India
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4
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Solvent front position extraction with semi-automatic device as a powerful sample preparation procedure to quantitatitation of tryptophan in human plasma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15063. [PMID: 32934323 PMCID: PMC7493889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71846-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the paper the results of the tryptophan determination in human plasma samples prepared with the novel Solvent Front Position Extraction (SFPE) technique are presented. The SFPE procedure is used for preparation of real biological sample for the first time. The results obtained using SFPE are compared with those using the classical sample preparation procedure. Under the optimal conditions, tryptophan and its internal standard were separated from other plasma compounds (matrix) as a small common zone/spot on a chromatographic plate using semiautomatic device equipped with moving pipet, which distributed developing solvent on the adsorbent layer. Tryptophan and the internal standard were evenly distributed within the small common zone from that the both substances were extracted and the solution obtained was transferred to quantitation with LC–MS and MS techniques. The determination results are satisfactory, the percentage values of relative error and RSD relative standard deviation do not exceed 5%. The procedure is characterized by simplicity, high analysis throughput, very good sample purification and seems to be easy applicable to other biological samples with these advantages mentioned.
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5
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Lim HJ, Jang YJ, Lee KH, Kim DM. Translational Detection of Nonproteinogenic Amino Acids Using an Engineered Complementary Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Assay. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11505-11510. [PMID: 32794704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed a simple and rapid method for analyzing nonproteinogenic amino acids that does not require conventional chromatographic equipment. In this technique, nonproteinogenic amino acids were first converted to a proteinogenic amino acid through in vitro metabolism in a cell extract. The proteinogenic amino acid generated from the nonproteinogenic precursors were then incorporated into a reporter protein using a cell-free protein synthesis system. The titers of the nonproteinogenic amino acids could be readily quantified by measuring the activity of reporter proteins. This method, which combines the enzymatic conversion of target amino acids with translational analysis, makes amino acid analysis more accessible while minimizing the cost and time requirements. We anticipate that the same strategy could be extended to the detection of diverse biochemical molecules with clinical and industrial implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Yeon Jae Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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6
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Hasoň S, Ostatná V, Fojta M. Simultaneous voltammetric determination of free tryptophan, uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine in plasma and urine. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Erarpat S, Bodur S, Öztürk Er E, Bakırdere S. Combination of ultrasound-assisted ethyl chloroformate derivatization and switchable solvent liquid-phase microextraction for the sensitive determination of l-methionine in human plasma by GC-MS. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:1100-1106. [PMID: 31858708 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A green and fast analytical method for the determination of l-methionine in human plasma is presented in this study. Preconcentration of the analyte was carried out by switchable solvent liquid phase microextraction after ethyl chloroformate derivatization reaction. Instrumental detection of the analyte was performed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. N,N-Dimethyl benzylamine was used in the synthesis of switchable solvent. Protonated N,N-dimethyl benzylamine volume, volume/concentration of sodium hydroxide, and vortex period were meticulously fixed to their optimum values. Besides, ethyl chloroformate, pyridine, and ethanol volumes were optimized in order to get high derivatization yield. After the optimization studies, limit of detection and quantitation values were attained as 3.30 and 11.0 ng/g, respectively, by the developed switchable solvent liquid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method that corresponding to 76.7-folds enhancement in detection power of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system. Applicability and accuracy of the switchable solvent liquid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method were also checked by spiking experiments. Percent recovery results were ranged from 97.8 to 100.5% showing that human plasma samples could be analyzed for its l-methionine level by the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Erarpat
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Bodur
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Öztürk Er
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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8
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Drábková P, Andrlová L, Kanďár R. An HPLC method for the determination of selected amino acids in human embryo culture medium. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Drábková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrlová
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kanďár
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
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9
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Sun J, Zhang L, Zhang X, Hu Y, Ge C, Fang J. An ultrafast turn-on thiol probe for protein labeling and bioimaging. Analyst 2016; 141:2009-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02347e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel ultrafast turn-on thiol probe was developed that can be successfully applied to label protein thiols and imaging them in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Sun
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- PR China
| | - Liangwei Zhang
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- PR China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- PR China
| | - Yuesong Hu
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- PR China
| | - Chunpo Ge
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- PR China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Lab of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- PR China
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10
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Dziomba S, Bekasiewicz A, Prahl A, Bączek T, Kowalski P. Improvement of derivatized amino acid detection sensitivity in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography by means of acid-induced pH-mediated stacking technique. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:6713-21. [PMID: 25146356 PMCID: PMC4182592 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Derivatization is a frequently used sample preparation procedure applicable to the enhancement of analyte detection sensitivity. Amino acids mostly require derivatization prior to electrophoretic or chromatographic analysis, especially if spectrophotometric detection is used. This study presents an on-line preconcentration technique for derivatized amino acids. The sensitivity of the method was improved by the utilization of the proposed acid-induced pH-mediated stacking mechanism. The method is demonstrated by preconcentration of amino acids labeled with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene. Use of optimized conditions for a large sample volume injection (40 s, 13.8 kPa) followed by electrokinetic injection of 0.1 M HCl (20 s, 10 kV) gave a 20- to 30-fold enhancement of sensitivity. The significance of the sweeping mechanism and pseudo-isotachophoresis for the on-line sample focusing and the influence of parameters on the preconcentration process were discussed. The applicability of the elaborated method was demonstrated using human urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Dziomba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Hallera Street, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
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11
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Salmanipour A, Taher MA, Beitollahi H, Hosseinzadeh R. An electrochemical sensor based on 1-benzyl-4-ferrocenyl-1H-[1,2,3]-triazole/carbon nanotube; detection of D-penicillamine in the presence of tryptophan. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:3160-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Jastrzębska A, Piasta A, Filipiak-Szok A, Szłyk E. Optimization of Capillary Isotachophoretic Method for Histidine Determination in Protein Matrices. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.762582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Analysis of free amino acids during fermentation by Bacillus subtilis using capillary electrophoresis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Jeong JS, Kim SK, Park SR. Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry with sheathless electrospray ionization for high sensitivity analysis of underivatized amino acids. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2112-21. [PMID: 22821486 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A high durability sheathless electrospray ionization interface of CE-MS is applied for the sensitive analysis of underivatized amino acids. The sheathless interface was realized using an ionophore membrane-packed electro-conduction channel. The interface functioned well with a volatile alkaline background electrolyte (BGE) and uncoated fused-silica capillaries for CE-MS analysis of underivatized amino acids. High electroosmotic flow with alkaline BGE facilitated high separation efficiency (>100,000 theoretical plates) and short analysis time (<15 min). Both the short-term stability and long-term durability are particularly suited for routine applications. Using electrokinetic injection and the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with a triple-quadrupole analyzer, high sensitivity was achieved, which yielded detection limits of 0.05-0.81 μM. For the quantitation of underivatized amino acids, quantification precisions (RSDs) for intra- and inter-day analyses were less than 3%. Recoveries from serum were 96.3-101.8% for isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). When compared with HPLC-IDMS for human serum samples, highly agreeable (96.9-102.0%) results were obtained with the proposed CE-IDMS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Seon Jeong
- Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, South Korea
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15
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Lu J, Ge S, Wan F, Yu J. Detection of L-phenylalanine using molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction and flow injection electrochemiluminescence. J Sep Sci 2011; 35:320-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Song L, Guo Z, Chen Y. One-pot labeling-based capillary zone electrophoresis for separation of amino acid mixture and assay of biofluids. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 703:257-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Zhang N, Guo XF, Wang H, Zhang HS. Determination of amino acids and catecholamines derivatized with 3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde in PC12 and HEK293 cells by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:297-304. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Liu T, Zhanga G, Li S, Wang Y, Ma G, Su Z. Analysis of gelatin plasma substitutes in blood based on detection of hydroxyproline derivatives. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, BLOOD SUBSTITUTES, AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 39:19-25. [PMID: 20586664 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2010.494582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The gelatin plasma substitute is often polydisperse and heterogenous, making it difficult to determine the elimination rate and half-life in the body. In this study, one method was developed based on quantitative determination of hydroxyproline derivatives. Two plasma substitutes were prepared by succinylation and genipin-crosslinking, respectively. After transfusion, the blood samples were hydrolyzed and derivatized, and then analyzed by HPLC. A two-phase exponential association equation was used for fitting the time-concentration curves. The results indicated that this method could be used for quantitative determination of gelatin in blood, and the pharmacokinetic parameters such as elimination rate and half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Determination of the specific activities of methionine sulfoxide reductase A and B by capillary electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 2010; 401:68-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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21
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Li D, Wang Z, Wang L, Qu C, Zhang H. Separation and Determination of Amino Acids by CE Using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid as Background Electrolyte. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Zhang N, Zhang HS, Wang H. Separation of free amino acids and catecholamines in human plasma and rabbit vitreous samples using a new fluorogenic reagent 3-(4-bromobenzoyl)-2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde with CE-LIF detection. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2258-65. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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24
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Piao MH, Hwang J, Won MS, Hyun M, Shim YB. A Solid State Polymer-Coated Electrode Containing a Chiral Crown Ether Derivative for Enantioselective Detection of Phenylglycine Methyl Ester Isomer. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Gioia MG, Andreatta P, Boschetti S, Gatti R. Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic method for the determination of branched-chain amino acids in new dosage forms. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 45:456-64. [PMID: 17875379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Revised: 07/09/2007] [Accepted: 07/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method (RP-LC) is proposed and validated for the analysis of branched-chain amino acids (l-leucine, l-isoleucine and l-valine) in new pharmaceutical formulations. The pre-column derivatization reaction of these amino acids with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) has been investigated considering the matrix effect. The compound reacts at 60 degrees C for 10 min at pH 9 with the amino function, in presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), to give adducts that have been separated on a RP amide C16 column and detected at lambda=360 nm. Linear responses were observed for each derivative. The intra-day precision (R.S.D.) was <or=2.22% and there was no significant difference between intra- and inter-day data. Recovery studies showed good results for all amino acids (98.9-100.9%) with R.S.D. ranging from 0.1% to 0.8%. The limit of quantitation was about 20 nmol/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Gioia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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26
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Darvish M, Ebrahimi SA, Ghadam P. Development of micellar electro kinetic chromatography for the separation and quantitation of L-valine, L-leucine, L-isoleucin and L-phenylalanine in human plasma and comparison with HPLC. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:2436-2441. [PMID: 19070110 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.2436.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) are two inborn metabolic diseases which are carried by autosomal recessive genes in man. These genetic errors result in accumulation of phenylalanine (in PKU) or valine, leucine and isoluecin (in MSUD). At high concentrations, amongst other problems, these amino acids cause mental retardation. However if detected early after birth, using special diets and other forms of therapy, mental abnormalities can be prevented. As a result in many countries screening of infants for MSUD and PKU, by measuring plasma amino acids has become a routine neonatal test. Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) assays have a number of advantages over the traditional chromatography techniques (such as GC or HPLC). These include low cost, high speed of analysis and high resolution. These characteristics, make CE an ideal method for the screening of inborn errors of metabolism. We developed a CE assay based on pre-column derivatisation of amino acids with phenylisothiocyanate. This conjugate has strong absorbance at 254 nm. CE was carried out using a Spectraphoresis 1000 instrument, fitted with 40 cm of a 25 microm capillary, at 17 degrees C. A running voltage of 18KV was used to separate the amino acid mixture in an electrophoretic buffer containing 45 mM imidazole, 6 mM borate and 208 mM SDS, fixed at pH 9 with 2-N-morpholino ethane sulfonic acid. The assay was calibrated using various concentrations of amino acid standards. LOD, LOQ, recovery, inter-day and intra-day variations of the assay were determined. Also, levels of the 4 amino acids in normal and abnormal plasma were determined and compared with HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Darvish
- Department of Biochemistry, Alzahra University, Iran
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27
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Qu Q, Tang X, Mangelings D, Wang C, Yang G, Hu X, Yan C. Control of electroosmotic flow by a cation additive to enhance the separation of amino acids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 853:31-7. [PMID: 17418648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Revised: 01/03/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a divalent cation (Mg2+) and 3 monovalent cations (Na+, Li+, and K+) as buffer additives on the electroosmotic flow (EOF) was investigated in order to improve the separation performance of p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl fluoride (PAABS-F) derivatives of 20 standard amino acids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The EOF can be decreased with increasing concentration of cations with the order of cations as Mg2+>K+>Na+>Li+. However, it was found that the resolution cannot be improved easily using a buffer cation which is more capable of decreasing the EOF. Taking the migration time, resolution, and peak shape into account, Na+ is the best buffer additive, although the EOF decreased most using Mg2+. Using 20 mmol/L borate at pH 9.3 containing 140 mmol/L SDS and 20 mmol/L Na+ as electrolyte, 20 standard amino acids were successfully separated within 14 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishu Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
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28
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Veledo MT, de Frutos M, Diez-Masa JC. On-capillary derivatization and analysis of amino acids in human plasma by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection: Application to diagnosis of aminoacidopathies. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:3101-7. [PMID: 16800027 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection method for the analysis of free amino acids (AA) in human plasma was developed. A mixture of 16 AA was on-capillary derivatized with 3-(2-furoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde (FQ) and separated inside the capillary in less than 30 min using 70 mM borax-3.5 mM SDS pH 9.3 as running buffer. Four plasma samples from a healthy donor and patients suffering from phenylketonuria, propionic acidemia, and tyrosinemia type II were studied. Repeatabilities calculated as intra-day RSD (n = 3) values for the AA involved in these aminoacidopathies (glycine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine) were in the range of 0.3 to 1.2% for migration time and 3.7 to 8.2% for peak height. Reproducibilities calculated as inter-day RSD (n = 4) values for the same AA were between 0.7 and 1.4% for migration time and 4.7 and 9.1% for peak height. A fast qualitative analysis allowed the identification of the corresponding disease by comparing the electrophoretic profiles from the patient and the healthy donor and noting the increased level of the specific AA accompanying each individual disease. The results of the quantitative analysis for glycine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine in the plasma samples studied using the developed method showed a good agreement with those provided by the Center of Diagnosis of Molecular Diseases using a standard method for AA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Veledo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (C.S.I.C.), Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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Qu Q, Tang X, Wang C, Yang G, Hu X, Lu X, Liu Y, Li S, Yan C. Characterization and application of a new ultraviolet derivatization reagent for amino acids analysis in capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 572:212-8. [PMID: 17723480 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Revised: 05/07/2006] [Accepted: 05/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new ultraviolet (UV) labeling reagent, p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl fluoride (PAABS-F), was designed and synthesized to label and determine the amino acids by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with diode-array detector (DAD). PAABS-F is very stable and easy to synthesize. It reacted with primary or secondary amino acids very quickly under facile conditions to give corresponding derivatives in high yield with excellent sensitivity and stability. No by-products were observed in amino acid derivatives when stored at room temperature under natural daylight for at least 7 days. Both amino acids standard solution and real samples reacted with this new UV labeling reagent smoothly to form high UV-absorption derivatives. The labeled 20 standard amino acids were efficiently separated by CE and the mass detection limits (S/N=3) were ranged from 59.3 fmol for L-tryptophan to 1.70 pmol for L-histidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishu Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
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Derivatization of Hydrophobic Amino Acids in Nonaqueous Media and Separation by Nonaqueous Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection. Mikrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-006-0566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fiamegos YC, Stalikas CD. Gas chromatographic determination of amino acids via one-step phase-transfer catalytic pentafluorobenzylation–preconcentration. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1110:66-72. [PMID: 16487532 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2005] [Revised: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 01/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The gas chromatographic determination of amino acids via their simultaneous extraction, preconcentration and pentafluorobenzylation is reported. Using phase-transfer catalysis (PTC), the amino acids under study were transformed to their pentafluorobenzyl adducts. The method was tested for different catalysts and tetrabutylammonium bromide provided favorable features in comparison to the other PTCs. The derivatization procedure was optimized and the best reaction conditions are given. With the exception of arginine, 19 amino acids were converted to volatile derivatives and analyzed with GC/MS and GC/FID at low concentration levels with acceptable sensitivity and good reproducibility. The LODs were found to range from 0.7 to 2.3microM for the GC/MS analyses and from 1.7 to 6.9microM for GC/FID analyses. The method practicability and applicability were confirmed by the analysis of urine, fruit juice and wheat flour for the determination of the amino acids under study. Protein-bound amino acids were analyzed after an alkaline hydrolysis step with 5M NaOH applying this method to wheat flour with an overall procedure duration less than 12h. The optimized protocol was applied to these samples without any pretreatment and their amino acid concentrations were calculated from the appropriate calibration plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiannis C Fiamegos
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Ioannina, University Campus, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
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Okamoto H, Timerbaev AR, Hirokawa T. Simultaneous determination of metal ions, amino acids, and other small biogenic molecules in human serum by capillary zone electrophoresis with transient isotachophoretic preconcentration. J Sep Sci 2005; 28:522-8. [PMID: 15881081 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200400070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CE with indirect UV detection was used for the simultaneous determination of lithium, magnesium, calcium, creatinine, carnitine, and a number of amino acids in human serum. The target analytes, positively charged under acidic electrolyte conditions, were separated with positive separation voltage polarity using 10 mM 4-methylbenzylamine, 4.5 mM citric acid, 25% (v/v) methanol at pH 4.05 as background electrolyte providing optimal separation. When analyzing real samples, however, some peaks were broadened due to essentially destacking conditions. In order to maintain the separation efficiency and also enhance the detection sensitivity, transient isotachophoresis (tITP) sample stacking was applied and yielded theoretical plate numbers in the range from 160,000 (arginine) to 350,000 (creatinine). The limit of detection values with tITP preconcentration were 0.11-0.26 mg L(-1) for metal cations, 1.0 mg L(-1) for creatinine, and 1.3-3.9 mg L(-1) for histidine, lysine, arginine, and ornithine. The method precision for peak areas was from 0.4 to 5.0% relative standard deviation using the matrix sodium as internal standard. The accuracy of the developed tITP-CZE system was verified by consistent results for Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and creatinine obtained on analyzing two serum certified reference materials. The only sample preparation required was ultrafiltration and acidification (to release protein-bound alkaline earths), and working ranges for individual analytes corresponded well to clinical concentration ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Okamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Japan
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Veledo MT, de Frutos M, Diez-Masa JC. Amino acids determination using capillary electrophoresis with on-capillary derivatization and laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1079:335-43. [PMID: 16038320 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Free amino acids have been derivatized on-capillary with 3-(2-furoyl)quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde (FQ) and analyzed using a laboratory-made capillary electrophoresis apparatus with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Several parameters that control on-capillary derivatization of amino acids, including pH, mixing time, reaction time, concentration of the derivatization reagents (potassium cyanide and FQ) and solvent of FQ, as well as the temperature of mixing and reaction were optimized. Repeatabilities better than 1.8% for migration time and 7.8% for peak height were obtained. Assay detection limits for the different amino acids ranged from 23 nM for glycine to 50 nM for lysine and glutamic acid. The methods developed were applied to the analysis of several amino acids in pharmaceutical preparations and plasma samples. Results showed a good agreement with those obtained using an amino acid autoanalyzer for the same samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Veledo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (C.S.I.C.), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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N/A, 王 惠, 鞠 少, 王 忠, 宋 红, 李 丽. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2005; 13:406-408. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v13.i3.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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