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Füssl F, Millán-Martín S, Bones J, Carillo S. Cation exchange chromatography on a monodisperse 3 µm particle enables extensive analytical similarity assessment of biosimilars. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115534. [PMID: 37343453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Biosimilarity assessment requires extensive characterization and comparability exercises to investigate product quality attributes of an originator product and its potential biosimilar(s) and to highlight any differences between them. Performing a thorough comparison allows a shortened approval path, which also eliminates lengthy and expensive clinical trials, ensuring comparable product quality and efficacy but at lower drug prices. The wide variety of analytical methods available for biosimilar assessment ranges from biological to analytical assays, each providing orthogonal information to fully characterize biosimilar candidates. Intact native mass spectrometry (MS) has been shown to be an excellent tool for detection and monitoring of important quality attributes such as N-glycosylation, deamidation, sequence truncation and higher order structures. When combined with efficient upfront separation methods, simplification of the proteoform heterogeneity and associated complexity prior to MS analysis can be achieved. Native mass spectrometry can provide robust and accurate results within short analysis times and requires minimal sample preparation. In this study we report the use of a monodisperse strong cation exchange chromatography phase hyphenated with Orbitrap mass spectrometry (SCX-MS) to compare the best-selling biopharmaceutical product Humira® with 7 commercially approved biosimilar products. SCX-MS analysis allowed for the identification of previously described as well as so far unreported proteoforms and their relative quantitation across all samples, revealing differences in N-glycosylation and lysine truncation, as well as unique features for some products such as sialylation and N-terminal clipping. SCX-MS analysis, powered by a highly efficient separation column, enabled deep and efficient analytical comparison of biosimilar products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Füssl
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, A94 X099 Co. Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvia Millán-Martín
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, A94 X099 Co. Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Bones
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, A94 X099 Co. Dublin, Ireland; School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Sara Carillo
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, A94 X099 Co. Dublin, Ireland.
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2
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Schwahn AB, Baek J, Lin S, Pohl CA, Cook K. A Universal Eluent System for Method Scouting and Separation of Biotherapeutic Proteins by Ion-Exchange, Size-Exclusion, and Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16369-16375. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Baek
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, California94085, United States
| | - Shanhua Lin
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, California94085, United States
| | | | - Ken Cook
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hemel Hempstead, HertfordshireHP2 7GE, U.K
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3
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In situ investigation of lysozyme adsorption into polyelectrolyte brushes by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Ghosh R. Ultrahigh speed, ultrahigh resolution preparative separation of protein biopharmaceuticals using membrane chromatography. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2024-2033. [PMID: 35353929 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This paper discusses ultrahigh speed, ultrahigh resolution preparative protein separation using an in-house designed membrane chromatography device. The performance of the membrane chromatography device was systematically compared with an equivalent resin-packed preparative column. Experiments carried out using model proteins showed that membrane chromatography gave more than 4-times greater resolution than the preparative column, while at the same time being more than 19-times faster. Membrane chromatography was therefore a better option, not only in terms of higher productivity, but also in terms of higher product purity. Membrane chromatography was also superior in terms of resolving and presenting tracer impurity peaks in the chromatogram. Experiments carried out using monoclonal antibody samples showed that membrane chromatography was suitable to ultrahigh speed, ultrahigh resolution fractionation of charge variants. This paper highlights and explains the need for proper device design for enabling the use of membrane chromatography for efficient purification of protein biopharmaceuticals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Canada
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5
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Poplewska I, Zimoch P, Antos D. Dissociation events during processing of monoclonal antibodies on strong cation exchange resins. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1670:462969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Separation of charge variants of a monoclonal antibody by overloaded ion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1658:462607. [PMID: 34656842 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A procedure for adjusting the content of charge variants of monoclonal antibody by ion exchange chromatography has been developed. The band splitting phenomenon was utilized to split the protein load into two parts, i.e., the flowthrough and bound fractions, which were either enriched or depleted with some of variants. The phenomenon was triggered by thermodynamic effects resulting from oversaturation of the resin binding sites at high column loadings as well as from kinetic effects arising from limited rates of mass transport. Cation exchange chromatography (CEX) and anion exchange chromatography (AEX) separations were examined, with the reverse order of the variant elution: acidic, main, basic in CEX, and basic, main, acidic in AEX, and the corresponding reverse enrichment tendency in the collected fractions. The separations were performed by pH gradient, whose course was simplified to two stages: isocratic loading and washing at mild pH to load and partly elute the protein, followed by a rapid pH change towards non-binding conditions to desorb the remains of the protein load. To improve yield of the operation, possibility of recycling of waste fractions was considered. To predict the process performance, a dynamic model was developed, which accounted for both adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics.
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7
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Sun Q, Wang L, Li N, Shi L. Characterization and monitoring of charge variants of a recombinant monoclonal antibody using microfluidic capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2021; 625:114214. [PMID: 33915116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rigorous characterization of biotherapeutics, and monoclonal antibodies in particular, is a challenging task in terms of ensuring safety, efficacy, and potency of a therapeutic agent because of structural heterogeneity during cell culture, purification and storage. In this work, we used microfluidic capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry to analyze intact monoclonal antibody and assess the root cause of increases in acidic and basic variants under stress at high temperature. The antibody was analyzed at multiple levels, including its intact state under native conditions, and subunit and peptide levels. The normal and degraded antibodies at different time points were characterized and compared with each other. We concluded that the basic variants in the unstressed sample were produced C-terminal amidation, while the acidic variants were produced by deamidation. In stressed samples, change in the acidic and main peaks were caused by deamidation, and changes in the basic peaks were caused by both deamidation and oxidation. These results demonstrate that microfluidic capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) is a powerful direct and generic tool for separation and identification of charge heterogeneity of biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- HJB Ltd, Analytical Science, Hangzhou, 291 Fucheng Road, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Wang
- 908 Devices Inc, 645 Summer Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Na Li
- HJB Ltd, Analytical Science, Hangzhou, 291 Fucheng Road, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liming Shi
- HJB Ltd, Analytical Science, Hangzhou, 291 Fucheng Road, Zhejiang, China.
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Comparative analytical profiling of bevacizumab biosimilars marketed in India: a national control laboratory study. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:516. [PMID: 33194520 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02506-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, analytical profiling of the bevacizumab (BVZ) biosimilars (N = 3) approved in India were evaluated for charge heterogeneity, isoelectric focusing, aggregation and in vitro potency analysis. The charge variants were characterized using high performance cation-exchange chromatography (CEX-HPLC), capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF). cIEF was also used for estimation of isoelectric point (pI value). In addition, aggregate analysis was done using size exclusion high performance chromatography (SEC-HPLC). The cell-based inhibition of proliferation assay using HUVEC cells, indirect ELISA and Western blot were performed for in vitro biological activity. In addition of cell-based cytotoxicity assay was also performed and found no cytotoxic effect on both HuT78 and WIL2S cells by bevacizumab biosimilars. The significant variations in acidic (p < 0.0001) and basic variants (p < 0.0001), pI value (p = 0.0035), aggregates (p = 0.0306) of biosimilars were found as compared to innovator product; however, cell-based potency analysis (p = 0.6047) and indirect ELISA (p = 0.1611) have shown no significant difference in the biological activity. The banding patterns of all biosimilars in western blot were found similar to the innovator product. The comparatively higher basic variants in the biosimilars were attributing to the high pI value of biosimilars to that of innovator product, although these variations were not affecting the biological activity of the biosimiars. This is a unique study, wherein the independent analysis by a National Control Laboratory (NCL) will not only help the National Regulatory Authority (NRA) to assess the quality and consistency in manufacturing of BVZ biosimilars marketed in India but also facilitate the uptake of BVZ biosimilars, and sustainable access to new medicines against the anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Poplewska I, Piątkowski W, Antos D. A case study of the mechanism of unfolding and aggregation of a monoclonal antibody in ion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1636:461687. [PMID: 33246679 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A mechanistic model for describing unfolding of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) in ion exchange chromatography has been developed. The model reproduced retention behavior characteristic for conformational changes of antibodies upon adsorption, including: multi-peak elution, aggregate formation, and recovery reduction. Two competitive paths in the adsorption mechanism of the unfolded protein were assumed: refolding in the adsorbed phase to the native form followed by its desorption, or direct desorption followed by instantaneous aggregation in the liquid phase. The reduction in recovery of the eluted protein was attributed to spreading of the unfolded protein on the adsorbent surface, which enhanced the binding affinity. The model was formulated based on the analysis of retention behavior of a model mAb that was eluted in pH gradients on a strong cation exchange resin. The pH profile was found to be distorted in the presence of the protein, which was ascribed to dissociation of ionizable groups of the protein in the adsorbed phase. Since the protein retention was strongly pH dependent, that phenomenon was also accounted for in mathematical modeling. A series of independent experiments was designed to evaluate the model parameters that quantified the process thermodynamics and kinetics: the Henry constants of the native, unfolded, spread and aggregated forms of the protein along with underlying kinetic coefficients. The model was efficient in reproducing the retention pattern of the protein and the aggregate content in eluting band profiles. After proper calibration, the model can potentially be used to quantify protein unfolding and elution in other ion exchange systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Poplewska
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy Ave. 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Wojciech Piątkowski
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy Ave. 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Dorota Antos
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy Ave. 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
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10
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Baek J, Schwahn AB, Lin S, Pohl CA, De Pra M, Tremintin SM, Cook K. New Insights into the Chromatography Mechanisms of Ion-Exchange Charge Variant Analysis: Dispelling Myths and Providing Guidance for Robust Method Optimization. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13411-13419. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Baek
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1228 Titan Way, Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States of America
| | | | - Shanhua Lin
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1228 Titan Way, Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Pohl
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1228 Titan Way, Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States of America
| | - Mauro De Pra
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Dornierstrasse 4, Germering 82110, Germany
| | - Stacy M. Tremintin
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 1228 Titan Way, Sunnyvale, California 94085, United States of America
| | - Ken Cook
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Stafford House, 1 Boundary Park, Hemel Hempstead HP2 7GE, U.K
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11
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Bailey AO, Han G, Phung W, Gazis P, Sutton J, Josephs JL, Sandoval W. Charge variant native mass spectrometry benefits mass precision and dynamic range of monoclonal antibody intact mass analysis. MAbs 2018; 10:1214-1225. [PMID: 30339478 PMCID: PMC6284562 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1521131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The preponderance and diversity of charge variants in therapeutic monoclonal antibodies has implications for antibody efficacy and degradation. Understanding the extent and impact of minor antibody variants is of great interest, and it is also a critical regulatory requirement. Traditionally, a combination of approaches is used to characterize antibody charge heterogeneity, including ion exchange chromatography and independent mass spectrometric variant site mapping after proteolytic digestion. Here, we describe charge variant native mass spectrometry (CVMS), an integrated native ion exchange mass spectrometry-based charge variant analytical approach that delivers detailed molecular information in a single, semi-automated analysis. We utilized pure volatile salt mobile phases over a pH gradient that effectively separated variants based on minimal differences in isoelectric point. Characterization of variants such as deamidation, which are traditionally unattainable by intact mass due to their minimal molecular weight differences, were measured unambiguously by mass and retention time to allow confident MS1 identification. We demonstrate that efficient chromatographic separation allows introduction of the purified forms of the charge variant isoforms into the Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Our CVMS method allows confident assignment of intact monoclonal antibody isoforms of similar mass and relative abundance measurements across three orders of magnitude dynamic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron O Bailey
- a Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Division , Thermo Fisher Scientific , San Jose , CA , USA
| | - Guanghui Han
- b Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics , Genentech, Inc , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Wilson Phung
- b Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics , Genentech, Inc , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Paul Gazis
- a Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Division , Thermo Fisher Scientific , San Jose , CA , USA
| | - Jennifer Sutton
- a Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Division , Thermo Fisher Scientific , San Jose , CA , USA
| | - Jonathan L Josephs
- a Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Division , Thermo Fisher Scientific , San Jose , CA , USA
| | - Wendy Sandoval
- b Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics and Lipidomics , Genentech, Inc , South San Francisco , CA , USA
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12
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Somasundaram B, Pleitt K, Shave E, Baker K, Lua LHL. Progression of continuous downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies: Current trends and challenges. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:2893-2907. [PMID: 30080940 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Rapid advances in intensifying upstream processes for biologics production have left downstream processing as a bottleneck in the manufacturing scheme. Biomanufacturers are pursuing continuous downstream process development to increase efficiency and flexibility, reduce footprint and cost of goods, and improve product consistency and quality. Even after successful laboratory trials, the implementation of a continuous process at manufacturing scale is not easy to achieve. This paper reviews specific challenges in converting each downstream unit operation to a continuous mode. Key elements of developing practical strategies for overcoming these challenges are detailed. These include equipment valve complexity, favorable column aspect ratio, protein-A resin selection, quantitative assessment of chromatogram peak size and shape, holistic process characterization approach, and a customized process economic evaluation. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive review of current trends and the path forward for implementing continuous downstream processing at the manufacturing scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Somasundaram
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kristina Pleitt
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Evan Shave
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Patheon Biologics-a part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kym Baker
- Patheon Biologics-a part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linda H L Lua
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Protein Expression Facility, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Tsai SA, Tang JY, Wang MH, Jang LS. Impedance measurement system for automatic determination of glycated hemoglobin. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:065003. [PMID: 29960512 DOI: 10.1063/1.5025151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an automatic glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) impedance measurement system (AHMS) is developed for the detection of HbA1c. The proposed device removes some of the drawbacks of common instruments for HbA1c detection (i.e., large, expensive, difficult to operate) by detecting the ratio of HbA1c to Hb. The method is label-free and requires only a small sample volume; no additional reagents are required. The manpower consumption and bulk of the instrument are also reduced. The method provides a simple way to analyze impedance deviation and effectively reduces the effort required by the operator. The ratios of HbA1c to Hb (4%-7%) are well distinguished, and the experiment is used to build a database for AHMS. To check the reliability of the proposed system, a sample test using three different ratios of HbA1c is applied in this study. The sample test uses HbA1c to Hb ratios of 4.7%, 5.6%, and 6.8%, and the determined experimental values are 4.93%, 5.8%, and 6.83%, respectively. The sample test has an accuracy of approximately 96.99%. Based on these results, the proposed system for detecting HbA1c through protein coverage is both effective and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Ai Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yau Tang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Min-Haw Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Culture University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sheng Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
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Chung S, Tian J, Tan Z, Chen J, Lee J, Borys M, Li ZJ. Industrial bioprocessing perspectives on managing therapeutic protein charge variant profiles. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Northeastern University; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Jun Tian
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Zhijun Tan
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Jie Chen
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Jongchan Lee
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Michael Borys
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
| | - Zheng Jian Li
- Biologics Development, Global Product Development and Supply; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Devens Massachusetts
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15
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Tassi M, De Vos J, Chatterjee S, Sobott F, Bones J, Eeltink S. Advances in native high-performance liquid chromatography and intact mass spectrometry for the characterization of biopharmaceutical products. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:125-144. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tassi
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
| | - Jelle De Vos
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
| | - Sneha Chatterjee
- Biomolecular & Analytical Mass Spectrometry; Antwerp University; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Frank Sobott
- Biomolecular & Analytical Mass Spectrometry; Antwerp University; Antwerp Belgium
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Jonathan Bones
- The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT); Dublin Ireland
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
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16
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Alekseychyk L, Su C, Becker GW, Treuheit MJ, Razinkov VI. High-Throughput Screening and Analysis of Charge Variants of Monoclonal Antibodies in Multiple Formulations. SLAS DISCOVERY 2017; 22:1044-1052. [PMID: 28570837 DOI: 10.1177/2472555217711666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Among different biopharmaceutical products, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) show a high level of complexity, including heterogeneity due to differences in size, hydrophobicity, charge, and so forth. Such heterogeneity can be related to both cell-based production and any of the stages of purification, storage, and delivery that the mAb is subjected to. Choosing the right formulation composition providing both physical and chemical stabilities can be a very challenging process, especially when done in the limited time frame required for a typical drug development cycle. Charge variants, a common type of heterogeneity for mAbs, are easy to detect by ion exchange, specifically cation exchange chromatography (CEX). We have developed and implemented a high-throughput CEX-based approach for the rapid screening and analysis of charge modifications in multiple formulation conditions. In this work, 96 different formulations of antistreptavidin IgG1 and IgG2 molecules were automatically prepared and analyzed after incubation at high temperature. Design of experiment and statistical analysis tools have been utilized to determine the major formulation factors responsible for chemical stability of antibodies. Regression models were constructed to find the optimal formulation conditions. The methodology can be applied to different stages of preformulation and formulation development of mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheng Su
- 2 Biostatistics, Amgen Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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17
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Ren H, Zhang X, Li Z, Liu Z, Li J. Silica‐supported polymeric monolithic column with a mixed mode of hydrophilic and strong cation‐exchange interactions for microcolumn liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:826-833. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ren
- Department of Chemistry Liaoning Normal University Dalian China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Liaoning Normal University Dalian China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry Liaoning Normal University Dalian China
| | - Zhaobin Liu
- Department of Chemistry Liaoning Normal University Dalian China
| | - Jinxiang Li
- Department of Chemistry Liaoning Normal University Dalian China
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18
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Guo D, Lou C, Zhang P, Zhang J, Wang N, Wu S, Zhu Y. Polystyrene-divinylbenzene-glycidyl methacrylate stationary phase grafted with poly (amidoamine) dendrimers for ion chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1456:113-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Guélat B, Khalaf R, Lattuada M, Costioli M, Morbidelli M. Protein adsorption on ion exchange resins and monoclonal antibody charge variant modulation. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1447:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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20
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Pappoe MK, Naeeni MH, Lucy CA. Bromate peak distortion in ion chromatography in samples containing high chloride concentrations. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1444:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rea JC, Freistadt BS, McDonald D, Farnan D, Wang YJ. Capillary ion-exchange chromatography with nanogram sensitivity for the analysis of monoclonal antibodies. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1424:77-85. [PMID: 26596872 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) is widely used for profiling the charge heterogeneity of proteins, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Despite good resolving power and robustness, ionic strength-based ion-exchange separations are generally product specific and can be time consuming to develop. In addition, conventional analytical scale ion-exchange separations require tens of micrograms of mAbs for each injection, amounts that are often unavailable in sample-limited applications. We report the development of a capillary IEC (c-IEC) methodology for the analysis of nanogram amounts of mAb charge variants. Several key modifications were made to a commercially available liquid chromatography system to perform c-IEC for charge variant analysis of mAbs with nanogram sensitivity. We demonstrate the method for multiple monoclonal antibodies, including antibody fragments, on different columns from different manufacturers. Relative standard deviations of <10% were achieved for relative peak areas of main peak, acidic and basic regions, which are common regions of interest for quantifying monoclonal antibody charge variants using IEC. The results herein demonstrate the excellent sensitivity of this c-IEC characterization method, which can be used for analyzing charge variants in sample-limited applications, such as early-stage candidate screening and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Rea
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Benny S Freistadt
- Early Stage Pharmaceutical Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Dell Farnan
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yajun Jennifer Wang
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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22
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Razinkov VI, Treuheit MJ, Becker GW. Accelerated formulation development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and mAb-based modalities: review of methods and tools. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:468-83. [PMID: 25576149 DOI: 10.1177/1087057114565593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
More therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antibody-based modalities are in development today than ever before, and a faster and more accurate drug discovery process will ensure that the number of candidates coming to the biopharmaceutical pipeline will increase in the future. The process of drug product development and, specifically, formulation development is a critical bottleneck on the way from candidate selection to fully commercialized medicines. This article reviews the latest advances in methods of formulation screening, which allow not only the high-throughput selection of the most suitable formulation but also the prediction of stability properties under manufacturing and long-term storage conditions. We describe how the combination of automation technologies and high-throughput assays creates the opportunity to streamline the formulation development process starting from early preformulation screening through to commercial formulation development. The application of quality by design (QbD) concepts and modern statistical tools are also shown here to be very effective in accelerated formulation development of both typical antibodies and complex modalities derived from them.
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23
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Raksha S, Tan WS, Hamid M, Ramanan RN, Tey BT. A Single-Step Purification of the Glycoprotein of Nipah Virus Produced in Insect Cells using an Anion Exchange Chromatography Method. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2013.838265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Comparison of multiple red cell volume methods performed concurrently in premature infants following allogeneic transfusion. Pediatr Res 2013; 74:592-600. [PMID: 24088873 PMCID: PMC3907947 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Study of the pathophysiology and treatment of anemia of prematurity is facilitated by direct measurement of red cell volume (RCV) utilizing microliter quantities of blood samples. Our objective was to compare concurrent measurements of multiple direct RCV methods in infants. METHODS Eighteen preterm infants receiving clinically indicated transfusions had concurrent flow cytometric determinations of RCV and 24-h red blood cell (RBC) recovery based on donor-recipient differences of biotin-labeled RBCs (BioRBCs), Kidd antigen mismatched RBCs, and fetal hemoglobin-positive (HbF(+)) RBCs. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was also used for measuring HbF and adult hemoglobin protein concentrations for the determination of RCV. RESULTS Concurrent RCV measurements using BioRBCs (18 and 54 µg/ml), Kidd antigen, and HbF flow cytometry were not statistically different compared with RCVs measured using the reference BioRBC density (6 µg/ml). By contrast, the HbF-HPLC method overestimated RCV by 45% compared with the reference method. All the methods demonstrated 100% 24-h posttransfusion RBC recovery (PTR24). CONCLUSION Because BioRBC, Kidd antigen, and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) flow cytometry are safe and accurate methods requiring <10 µl of patient blood for determining RCV and PTR24 in preterm infants, they can be useful in clinical and research studies of anemia and other conditions.
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25
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Guélat B, Delegrange L, Valax P, Morbidelli M. Model-based prediction of monoclonal antibody retention in ion-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1298:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Kang X, Kutzko JP, Hayes ML, Frey DD. Monoclonal antibody heterogeneity analysis and deamidation monitoring with high-performance cation-exchange chromatofocusing using simple, two component buffer systems. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1283:89-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Current trends in separation of plasmid DNA vaccines: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 760:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Linke T, Feng J, Yu K, Kim HJ, Wei Z, Wang Y, Wang WK, Hunter AK. Process scale separation of an anti-CD22 immunotoxin charge variant. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1260:120-5. [PMID: 22980642 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe the analytical characterization and process scale separation of a deamidated variant of an immunotoxin. The different charge variants of the immunotoxin were separated using analytical ion-exchange HPLC. These charge variants were analyzed by peptide mapping and LC-MS/MS to identify the site of modification, which was determined to reside in the toxin portion of the molecule. Using a cell-based bioassay it was also determined that deamidation led to reduced biological activity, requiring it be controlled during manufacturing. This was accomplished using process scale anion-exchange chromatography. The process was capable of reducing the deamidated form to a level low enough for the resulting product to maintain acceptable biological activity. Keys to the successful control of this impurity at process scale were a good understanding of structure-function relationship and the availability of an analytical HPLC assay to provide a surrogate for the cell-based bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Linke
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
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29
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Guélat B, Ströhlein G, Lattuada M, Delegrange L, Valax P, Morbidelli M. Simulation model for overloaded monoclonal antibody variants separations in ion-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1253:32-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Du Y, Walsh A, Ehrick R, Xu W, May K, Liu H. Chromatographic analysis of the acidic and basic species of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. MAbs 2012; 4:578-85. [PMID: 22820257 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.21328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of multiple variants with differences in either charge, molecular weight or other properties is a common feature of monoclonal antibodies. These charge variants are generally referred to as acidic or basic compared with the main species. The chemical nature of the main species is usually well-understood, but understanding the chemical nature of acidic and basic species, and the differences between all three species, is critical for process development and formulation design. Complete understanding of acidic and basic species, however, is challenging because both species are known to contain multiple modifications, and it is likely that more modifications may be discovered. This review focuses on the current understanding of the modifications that can result in the generation of acidic and basic species and their affect on antibody structure, stability and biological functions. Chromatography elution profiles and several critical aspects regarding fraction collection and sample preparations necessary for detailed characterization are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Du
- Merck Research Laboratories, Union, NJ, USA
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31
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Tao Y, Chen N, Carta G, Ferreira G, Robbins D. Modeling multicomponent adsorption of monoclonal antibody charge variants in cation exchange columns. AIChE J 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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32
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Gandhi S, Ren D, Xiao G, Bondarenko P, Sloey C, Ricci MS, Krishnan S. Elucidation of Degradants in Acidic Peak of Cation Exchange Chromatography in an IgG1 Monoclonal Antibody Formed on Long-Term Storage in a Liquid Formulation. Pharm Res 2011; 29:209-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Influence of protein and stationary phase properties on protein–matrix-interaction in cation exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:5136-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Chen X, Tolley HD, Lee ML. Monolithic capillary columns synthesized from a single phosphate-containing dimethacrylate monomer for cation-exchange chromatography of peptides and proteins. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4322-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Chen X, Tolley HD, Lee ML. Weak cation-exchange monolithic column for capillary liquid chromatography of peptides and proteins. J Sep Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Adsorption of deamidated antibody variants on macroporous and dextran-grafted cation exchangers: I. Adsorption equilibrium. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1519-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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37
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Adsorption of deamidated antibody variants on macroporous and dextran-grafted cation exchangers: II. Adsorption kinetics. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1530-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Rao S, Pohl C. Reversible interference of Fe3+ with monoclonal antibody analysis in cation exchange columns. Anal Biochem 2011; 409:293-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Müller-Späth T, Krättli M, Aumann L, Ströhlein G, Morbidelli M. Increasing the activity of monoclonal antibody therapeutics by continuous chromatography (MCSGP). Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 107:652-62. [PMID: 20589849 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The charged monoclonal antibody (mAb) variants of the commercially available therapeutics Avastin®, Herceptin® and Erbitux® were separated by ion-exchange gradient chromatography in batch and continuous countercurrent mode (MCSGP process). Different stationary phases, buffer conditions and two MCSGP configurations were used in order to demonstrate the broad applicability of MCSGP in the field of charged protein variant separation. Batch chromatography and MCSGP were compared with respect to yield, purity, and productivity. In the case of Herceptin®, also the biological activity of the product stream was taken into account as performance indicator. The robustness of the MCSGP process against feed composition variations was confirmed experimentally and by model simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Müller-Späth
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, Zurich, Switzerland
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40
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Rea JC, Moreno GT, Lou Y, Farnan D. Validation of a pH gradient-based ion-exchange chromatography method for high-resolution monoclonal antibody charge variant separations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 54:317-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Chen X, Tolley HD, Lee ML. Polymeric cation-exchange monolithic columns containing phosphoric acid functional groups for capillary liquid chromatography of peptides and proteins. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3844-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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42
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Farnan D, Moreno GT. Multiproduct High-Resolution Monoclonal Antibody Charge Variant Separations by pH Gradient Ion-Exchange Chromatography. Anal Chem 2009; 81:8846-57. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dell Farnan
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - G. Tony Moreno
- Protein Analytical Chemistry, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080
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43
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Krenkova J, Gargano A, Lacher NA, Schneiderheinze JM, Svec F. High binding capacity surface grafted monolithic columns for cation exchange chromatography of proteins and peptides. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:6824-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 08/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Rozhkova A. Quantitative analysis of monoclonal antibodies by cation-exchange chromatofocusing. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:5989-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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Apostol I, Miller KJ, Ratto J, Kelner DN. Comparison of different approaches for evaluation of the detection and quantitation limits of a purity method: A case study using a capillary isoelectrofocusing method for a monoclonal antibody. Anal Biochem 2009; 385:101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Revised: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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46
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Abstract
The removal of product variants that form during downstream processing remains a challenge in the purification of recombinant therapeutic proteins. We examined the feasibility of separating variants with slightly different net charge using high-performance membrane ultrafiltration. A myoglobin variant was formed by reaction of the lysine epsilon-amino group with succinic anhydride. Sieving data were obtained over a range of solution conditions using commercial polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes. Maximum selectivity of about 7-fold was obtained at very low conductivity due to the strong electrostatic repulsion of the more negatively charged variant. Protein separations were performed by diafiltration. A two-stage process generated solutions of the normal myoglobin (in the permeate) and the charge variant (in the retentate), both at greater than 9-fold purification and 90% yield. These results provide the first demonstration that membrane systems can be used to separate proteins that differ by only a single charged amino acid residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareia Frost Ebersold
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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47
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Pabst TM, Carta G, Ramasubramanyan N, Hunter AK, Mensah P, Gustafson ME. Separation of protein charge variants with induced pH gradients using anion exchange chromatographic columns. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 24:1096-106. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Müller-Späth T, Aumann L, Melter L, Ströhlein G, Morbidelli M. Chromatographic separation of three monoclonal antibody variants using multicolumn countercurrent solvent gradient purification (MCSGP). Biotechnol Bioeng 2008; 100:1166-77. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.21843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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49
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Nordborg A, Limé F, Shchukarev A, Irgum K. A cation‐exchange material for protein separations based on grafting of thiol‐terminated sulfopropyl methacrylate telomers onto hydrophilized monodisperse divinylbenzene particles. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2143-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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50
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Melter L, Butté A, Morbidelli M. Preparative weak cation-exchange chromatography of monoclonal antibody variants. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1200:156-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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