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Lowman RL, Yampolsky LY. Lipofuscin, amyloids, and lipid peroxidation as potential markers of aging in Daphnia. Biogerontology 2023:10.1007/s10522-023-10036-z. [PMID: 37195481 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of autofluorescent waste products, amyloids, and products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) are important hallmarks of aging. Until now, these processes have not been documented in Daphnia, a convenient model organism for longevity and senescence studies. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of autofluorescence and Congo Red (CR) fluorescent staining for amyloids in four clones of D. magna. Additionally, we used a single time point cross-sectional common garden experiment within a single clone in which autofluorescence and BODIPY C11 fluorescence were measured. We observed a robust increase in autofluorescent spots that show diagnostic co-staining by Sudan Black indicating lipofuscin aggregates, particularly in the upper body region. There was also a significant clone-by-age interaction indicating that some genotypes accumulated lipofuscins faster than others. Contrary to predictions, CR fluorescence and lipid peroxidation did not consistently increase with age. CR fluorescence demonstrated a slight non-monotonous relationship with age, achieving the highest values at intermediate ages, possibly due to elimination of physiological heterogeneity in our genetically uniform cohorts. LPO demonstrated a significant ovary status-by-age interaction, decreasing with age when measured in Daphnia with full ovaries (late phase ovarian cycle) and showing no significant trend or slight increase with age when measured during the early phase in the ovarian cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Lowman
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - L Y Yampolsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA.
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2
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Cházaro-Olvera S, Winfield I, Cruz-González G, Cházaro-Martínez SJ. First population study of Caribitroides ( Caribitroides) tuxtlensis (Amphipoda: Talitridae) from a rainforest in Veracruz state, eastern Mexico. J NAT HIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2054385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Cházaro-Olvera
- Laboratorio de Crustáceos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Winfield
- Laboratorio de Crustáceos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Geovanni Cruz-González
- Carrera de Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio José Cházaro-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Acuícola Aplicada, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Boca del Río. Carretera Veracruz-Córdoba km 12, Boca del Río, Mexico
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3
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Rizou SV, Evangelou K, Myrianthopoulos V, Mourouzis I, Havaki S, Athanasiou A, Vasileiou PVS, Margetis A, Kotsinas A, Kastrinakis NG, Sfikakis P, Townsend P, Mikros E, Pantos C, Gorgoulis VG. A Novel Quantitative Method for the Detection of Lipofuscin, the Main By-Product of Cellular Senescence, in Fluids. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1896:119-138. [PMID: 30474845 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8931-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipofuscin accumulation is a hallmark of senescence. This nondegradable material aggregates in the cytoplasm of stressed or damaged cells due to metabolic imbalance associated with aging and age-related diseases. Indications of a soluble state of lipofuscin have also been provided, rendering the perspective of monitoring such processes via lipofuscin quantification in liquids intriguing. Therefore, the development of an accurate and reliable method is of paramount importance. Currently available assays are characterized by inherent pitfalls which demote their credibility. We herein describe a simple, highly specific and sensitive protocol for measuring lipofuscin levels in any type of liquid. The current method represents an evolution of a previously described assay, developed for in vitro and in vivo senescent cell recognition that exploits a newly synthesized Sudan Black-B analog (GL13). Analysis of human clinical samples with the modified protocol provided strong evidence of its usefulness for the exposure and surveillance of age-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia V Rizou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Evangelou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vassilios Myrianthopoulos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- PharmaInformatics Unit, Athena Research Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Iordanis Mourouzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Havaki
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Panagiotis V S Vasileiou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aggelos Margetis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios Kotsinas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G Kastrinakis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paul Townsend
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Emmanuel Mikros
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- PharmaInformatics Unit, Athena Research Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Pantos
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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4
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Seefeldt MA, Campana GL, Deregibus D, Quartino ML, Abele D, Tollrian R, Held C. Different feeding strategies in Antarctic scavenging amphipods and their implications for colonisation success in times of retreating glaciers. Front Zool 2017; 14:59. [PMID: 29299038 PMCID: PMC5745984 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-017-0248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scavenger guilds are composed of a variety of species, co-existing in the same habitat and sharing the same niche in the food web. Niche partitioning among them can manifest in different feeding strategies, e.g. during carcass feeding. In the bentho-pelagic realm of the Southern Ocean, scavenging amphipods (Lysianassoidea) are ubiquitous and occupy a central role in decomposition processes. Here we address the question whether scavenging lysianassoid amphipods employ different feeding strategies during carcass feeding, and whether synergistic feeding activities may influence carcass decomposition. To this end, we compared the relatively large species Waldeckia obesa with the small species Cheirimedon femoratus, Hippomedon kergueleni, and Orchomenella rotundifrons during fish carcass feeding (Notothenia spp.). The experimental approach combined ex situ feeding experiments, behavioural observations, and scanning electron microscopic analyses of mandibles. Furthermore, we aimed to detect ecological drivers for distribution patterns of scavenging amphipods in the Antarctic coastal ecosystems of Potter Cove. In Potter Cove, the climate-driven rapid retreat of the Fourcade Glacier is causing various environmental changes including the provision of new marine habitats to colonise. While in the newly ice-free areas fish are rare, macroalgae have already colonised hard substrates. Assuming that a temporal dietary switch may increase the colonisation success of the most abundant lysianassoids C. femoratus and H. kergueleni, we aimed to determine their consumption rates (g food x g amphipods−1 x day−1) and preferences of macroalgae and fish. Results We detected two functional groups with different feeding strategies among scavenging amphipods during carcass feeding: carcass ‘opener’ and ‘squeezer’. Synergistic effects between these groups were not statistically verified under the conditions tested. C. femoratus switched its diet when fish was not available by consuming macroalgae (about 0.2 day−1) but preferred fish by feeding up to 80% of its own mass daily. Contrary, H. kergueleni rejected macroalgae entirely and consumed fish with a maximal rate of 0.8 day−1. Conclusion This study reveals functional groups in scavenging shallow-water amphipods and provides new information on coastal intraguild niche partitioning. We conclude that the dietary flexibility of C. femoratus is a potential ecological driver and central to its success in the colonisation of newly available ice-free Antarctic coastal habitats. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12983-017-0248-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Anna Seefeldt
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz- Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Gabriela Laura Campana
- Departamento de Biología Costera, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| | - Dolores Deregibus
- Departamento de Biología Costera, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Liliana Quartino
- Departamento de Biología Costera, Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "B. Rivadavia", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Doris Abele
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz- Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Ralph Tollrian
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Held
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz- Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
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5
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Rocchetta I, Pasquevich MY, Heras H, Ríos de Molina MDC, Luquet CM. Effects of sewage discharges on lipid and fatty acid composition of the Patagonian bivalve Diplodon chilensis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 79:211-219. [PMID: 24373665 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipid and fatty acid (FA) composition and selected oxidative stress parameters of freshwater clams (Dipolodon chilensis), from a sewage-polluted (SMA) and a clean site, were compared. Trophic markers FA were analyzed in clams and sediment. Saturated FA (SAFA), and bacteria and sewage markers were abundant in SMA sediments, while diatom markers were 50% lower. Proportions of SAFA, branched FA, 20:5n-3 (EPA) and 22:6n-3 (DHA) were higher in SMA clams. Chronic exposure of D. chilensis to increasing eutrophication affected its lipid and FA composition. The increase in EPA and DHA proportions could be an adaptive response, which increases stress resistance but could also lead to higher susceptibility to lipid peroxidation TBARS, lipofuscins (20-fold) and GSH concentrations were higher in SMA clams. FA markers indicated terrestrial plant detritus and bacteria are important items in D. chilensis diet. Anthropogenic input in their food could be traced using specific FA as trophic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Rocchetta
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, INQUIBICEN-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Pab. II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCo). CEAN, ruta prov. 61 km 3. 8371, Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina.
| | - María Y Pasquevich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de la Plata (INIBIOLP), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET CCT La Plata, Av. 60 y 120, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Horacio Heras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de la Plata (INIBIOLP), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET CCT La Plata, Av. 60 y 120, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - María del Carmen Ríos de Molina
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, INQUIBICEN-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Pab. II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos M Luquet
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática, INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCo). CEAN, ruta prov. 61 km 3. 8371, Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina
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6
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Baird HP, Stark JS. Population dynamics of the ubiquitous Antarctic benthic amphipod Orchomenella franklini and its vulnerability to environmental change. Polar Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-012-1246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Vaschenko MA, Zhadan PM, Aminin DL, Almyashova TN. Lipofuscin-like pigment in gonads of Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius as a potential biomarker of marine pollution: a field study. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 62:599-613. [PMID: 22138826 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-011-9733-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of lipofuscin-like pigments (LLPs) has been shown to be an appropriate index of both age and stress in some aquatic invertebrates. In the present study, LLP was quantified by measuring its autofluorescence intensity (ex 450 nm/em 512 nm) in nutritive phagocytes (NPs) of sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermedius inhabiting polluted and relatively clean areas of Japan Sea. To avoid variations in LLP content related to sea urchin reproductive condition, only developing gonads with acini occupied mostly by NPs were used for LLP quantification as well as semiquantitative histopathological analysis. LLP concentrations ranged from 0.0 to 4.57 ± 0.53% area fraction in female gonads and from 0.0 to 4.61 ± 0.35% in male gonads. The presence of specimens with extremely high LLP concentrations (>1.5%) in all examined samples, including specimens from the reference station, as well as the absence of strong correlations between LLP concentrations and several parameters related to pollution (heavy-metal concentrations in sea urchin gonads and concentrations of heavy metals, DDT, hexachlorocyclohexane, and total petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments), allow us to conclude that LLP content in sea urchin NPs can not be used as a biomarker in marine pollution monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Vaschenko
- A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
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Hernroth B, Farahani F, Brunborg G, Dupont S, Dejmek A, Sköld HN. Possibility of mixed progenitor cells in sea star arm regeneration. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2010; 314:457-68. [PMID: 20700890 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.21352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to most vertebrates, invertebrate deuterostome echinoderms, such as the sea star Asterias rubens, undergo regeneration of lost body parts. The current hypothesis suggests that differentiated cells are the main source for regenerating arm in sea stars, but there is little information regarding the origin and identity of these cells. Here, we show that several organs distant to the regenerating arm responded by proliferation, most significantly in the coelomic epithelium and larger cells of the pyloric caeca. Analyzing markers for proliferating cells and parameters indicating cell ageing, such as levels of DNA damage, pigment, and lipofuscin contents as well as telomere length and telomerase activity, we suggest that cells contributing to the new arm likely originate from progenitors rather than differentiated cells. This is the first study showing that cells of mixed origin may be recruited from more distant sources of stem/progenitor cells in a sea star, and the first described indication of a role for pyloric caeca in arm regeneration. Data on growth rate during arm regeneration further indicate that regeneration is at the expense of whole animal growth. We propose a new working hypothesis for arm regeneration in sea stars involving four phases: wound healing by coelomocytes, migration of distant progenitor cells of mixed origin including from pyloric caeca, proliferation in these organs to compensate for cell loss, and finally, local proliferation in the regenerating arm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodil Hernroth
- The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Kristineberg, Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
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9
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Pörtner HO, Peck L, Somero G. Thermal limits and adaptation in marine Antarctic ectotherms: an integrative view. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2008; 362:2233-58. [PMID: 17553776 PMCID: PMC2443174 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2006.1947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A cause and effect understanding of thermal limitation and adaptation at various levels of biological organization is crucial in the elaboration of how the Antarctic climate has shaped the functional properties of extant Antarctic fauna. At the same time, this understanding requires an integrative view of how the various levels of biological organization may be intertwined. At all levels analysed, the functional specialization to permanently low temperatures implies reduced tolerance of high temperatures, as a trade-off. Maintenance of membrane fluidity, enzyme kinetic properties (Km and k(cat)) and protein structural flexibility in the cold supports metabolic flux and regulation as well as cellular functioning overall. Gene expression patterns and, even more so, loss of genetic information, especially for myoglobin (Mb) and haemoglobin (Hb) in notothenioid fishes, reflect the specialization of Antarctic organisms to a narrow range of low temperatures. The loss of Mb and Hb in icefish, together with enhanced lipid membrane densities (e.g. higher concentrations of mitochondria), becomes explicable by the exploitation of high oxygen solubility at low metabolic rates in the cold, where an enhanced fraction of oxygen supply occurs through diffusive oxygen flux. Conversely, limited oxygen supply to tissues upon warming is an early cause of functional limitation. Low standard metabolic rates may be linked to extreme stenothermy. The evolutionary forces causing low metabolic rates as a uniform character of life in Antarctic ectothermal animals may be linked to the requirement for high energetic efficiency as required to support higher organismic functioning in the cold. This requirement may result from partial compensation for the thermal limitation of growth, while other functions like hatching, development, reproduction and ageing are largely delayed. As a perspective, the integrative approach suggests that the patterns of oxygen- and capacity-limited thermal tolerance are linked, on one hand, with the capacity and design of molecules and membranes, and, on the other hand, with life-history consequences and lifestyles typically seen in the permanent cold. Future research needs to address the detailed aspects of these interrelationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans O Pörtner
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Physiologie mariner Tiere, 27515, Bremerhaven, Germany.
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10
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Maxwell KE, Matthews TR, Sheehy MRJ, Bertelsen RD, Derby CD. Neurolipofuscin is a measure of age in Panulirus argus, the Caribbean spiny lobster, in Florida. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2007; 213:55-66. [PMID: 17679720 DOI: 10.2307/25066618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Accurate age estimates for Panulirus argus, the commercially important Caribbean spiny lobster, would greatly enhance life history and population analyses. Most age approximations of P. argus are based on size and growth data, but size is generally considered a poor proxy for age of crustaceans in the field because of numerous environmental, density-dependent, and fishery-related factors. An established technique for aging crustaceans, employing histologically determined lipofuscin content in the nervous system, was investigated using known-age lobsters reared in the laboratory at ambient temperatures. We verified the presence of lipofuscin in eyestalk neural tissue by using autofluorescence and Sudan black staining and described its distribution in cell cluster A of the hemiellipsoid body. Neurolipofuscin accumulated with age; the overall trend was linear with indications of seasonal oscillation, whereas growth began to approach an asymptote after 3 years. Differences in the neurolipofuscin concentrations in the two eyestalks from the same animal were statistically insignificant. There was also no difference in the neurolipofuscin concentrations of males and females of the same age. The present data suggest a maximum potential lifespan for P. argus of about 20 years. These results also suggest that the neurolipofuscin technique will be valuable for estimating age of wild-caught specimens of P. argus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry E Maxwell
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 2796 Overseas Hwy, #119, Marathon, Florida 33050, USA.
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11
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Li XM, Ma YL, Liu XJ. Effect of the Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on age-related oxidative stress in aged mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 111:504-11. [PMID: 17224253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2006] [Revised: 12/02/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage of biomolecules increases with age and is postulated to be a major causal factor of various physiological function disorders. Consequently, the concept of anti-age by antioxidants has been developed. Lycium barbarum fruits have been used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and the data obtained in in vitro models have clearly established the antioxidant potency of the polysaccharides isolated from the fruits. In the present study, the age-dependent changes in the antioxidant enzyme activity, immune function and lipid peroxidation product were investigated and effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on age-induced oxidative stress in different organs of aged mice was checked. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (200, 350 and 500 mg/kg b.w. in physiological saline) were orally administrated to aged mice over a period of 30 days. Aged mice receiving vitamin C served as positive control. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, lipid peroxides in serum and tested organs, and immune function were measured. Result showed that increased endogenous lipid peroxidation, and decreased antioxidant activities, as assessed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), and immune function were observed in aged mice and restored to normal levels in the polysaccharides-treated groups. Antioxidant activities of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides can be compable with normal antioxidant, vitamin C. Moreover, addition of vitamin C to the polysaccharides further increased the in vivo antioxidant activity of the latter. It is concluded that the Lycium barbarum polysaccharides can be used in compensating the decline in TAOC, immune function and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and thereby reduces the risks of lipid peroxidation accelerated by age-induced free radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Li
- School of Food Science and Technology of the XingJiang Agriculture University, Urumqili City, XinJiang 830000, PR China.
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12
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Philipp E, Brey T, Pörtner HO, Abele D. Chronological and physiological ageing in a polar and a temperate mud clam. Mech Ageing Dev 2005; 126:598-609. [PMID: 15811429 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2004.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2004] [Revised: 12/03/2004] [Accepted: 12/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated chronological and physiological ageing of two mud clams with regard to the "rate of living theory" (Pearl, 1928) and the "free radical theory of ageing" (Harman, 1956). The Antarctic Laternula elliptica (Pholadomyoida) and the temperate Mya arenaria (Myoida) represent the same ecotype (benthic infaunal filter feeders), but differ in maximum life span, 36 and 13 years, respectively. L. elliptica has a two-fold lower standard metabolic rate than M. arenaria, but its life long energy turnover at maximal age is three times higher. When comparing the two species within the lifetime window of M. arenaria, antioxidant capacities (glutathione, catalase) are higher and tissue oxidation (ratio of oxidised to reduced glutathione, lipofuscin accumulation) is lower in the polar L. elliptica than in the temperate mud clam. Tissue redox state in L. elliptica remained stable throughout all ages, whereas it increased dramatically in aged M. arenaria. Our results indicate that metabolic rates and maintenance of tissue redox state are major factors determining maximum lifespan in the investigated mud clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Philipp
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Okophysiologie, Postfach 120161, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
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13
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Sheehy MRJ. Role of environmental temperature in aging and longevity: insights from neurolipofuscin. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2002; 34:287-310. [PMID: 14764331 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4943(01)00216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2001] [Revised: 11/06/2001] [Accepted: 11/08/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The available evidence for thermal modulation of neurolipofuscin deposition in poikilotherms is reviewed here and additional data are contributed. Mainly decapod crustacean models are employed and neurolipofuscin is treated as an index of physiological aging. In all cases, neurolipofuscin accumulation rate is positively correlated with environmental temperature but there appears to be lowered sensitivity in the thermal mid-range, an 'optimum' temperature for neurolipofuscin accumulation and possibly age-associated variation. The geographical position of the population within the species' thermal range may determine sensitivity of the response. There is seasonal oscillation of neurolipofuscin accumulation rate, providing preliminary evidence for neurolipofuscin turnover with net loss in winter. Spatial and temporal thermal variations of similar magnitude appear to have comparable effects on neurolipofuscin accumulation rate. Such effects may be extreme, suggesting important implications for physiological aging even in homeotherms. Inter-specific comparisons indicate that species-specific neurolipofuscin accumulation rates are positively correlated with habitat temperature and inversely correlated with maximum lifespan and age at maturity. These findings help explain some well-known bioclimatic trends in maturation- and maximum body size, such as Bergmann's rule. They also highlight the fact that global warming is likely to cause significant changes in life history parameters, population dynamics and responses to exploitation for many species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R J Sheehy
- Biology Department, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
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