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Zhang MY, Wei D, Li R, Jia HT, Liu YW, Taning CNT, Wang JJ, Smagghe G. Cytoplasmic glutamine synthetase gene expression regulates larval development in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 97:e21447. [PMID: 29359358 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In insects, glutamine synthetase (GS), a key enzyme in the synthesis of glutamine, has been reported to be associated with embryonic development, heat shock response, and fecundity regulation. However, little is known about the influence of GS on postembryonic development. In this study, we demonstrate that blocking the activity of GS in the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) with use of a GS-specific inhibitor (L-methionine S-sulfoximine), led to a significant delay in larval development, pupal weight loss, and inhibition of pupation. We further identify cloned and characterized two GS genes (BdGS-c and BdGS-m) from B. dorsalis. The two GS genes identified in B. dorsalis were predicted to be located in the cytosol (BdGS-c) and mitochondria (BdGS-m), and homology analysis indicated that both genes were similar to homologs from other Dipterans, such as Drosophila melanogaster and Aedes aegypti. BdGS-c was highly expressed in the larval stages, suggesting that cytosolic GS plays a predominant role in larval development. Furthermore, RNA interference experiments against BdGS-c, to specifically decrease the expression of cytosolic GS, resulted in delay in larval development as well as pupal weight loss. This study presents the prominent role played by BdGS-c in regulating larval development and suggests that the observed effect could have been modulated through ecdysteroid synthesis, agreeing with the reduced expression of the halloween gene spook. Also, the direct effects of BdGS-c silencing on B. dorsalis, such as larval lethality, delayed pupation, and late emergence, can be further exploited as novel insecticide target in the context of pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ran Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Ting Jia
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Brooks CL, Dunphy GB. Protein kinase A affectsGalleria mellonella(Insecta: Lepidoptera) larval haemocyte non‐self responses. Immunol Cell Biol 2005; 83:150-9. [PMID: 15748211 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We used the protein kinase A (PKA) specific activator Sp-8-Br-cAMPS and type I inhibitor Rp-8-Br-cAMPS alone and in combination to define the role of PKA in the non-self responses of larval Galleria mellonella haemocytes in vitro and in vivo. Active PKA depressed haemocyte responses whereas PKA inhibition enhanced activities, including bacterial phagocytosis, the number of haemocytes with adherent bacteria, bacterial-induced haemocytic protein release and haemocyte adhesion to slides in vitro, as well as in vivo bacterial removal from the haemolymph. Non-attached haemocytes had more PKA activity than attached haemocytes; therefore, active PKA limited haemocyte response to foreign materials. We found that (i) PKA inhibitor alone induced non-self responses, including haemocyte protein discharge and lowered haemocyte counts in vivo, and induced nodulation; (ii) the enzyme activator produced effects opposite to those of the inhibitor; and (iii) together, the modulators offset each others' effects and influenced haemocyte lysate PKA activity. These findings establish PKA as a mediator of haemocytic non-self responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory L Brooks
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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Mukai ST, Kiehn L, Saleuddin ASM. Dopamine stimulates snail albumen gland glycoprotein secretion through the activation of a D1-like receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 207:2507-18. [PMID: 15184522 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The catecholamine dopamine is present in both the central nervous system and in the peripheral tissues of molluscs, where it is involved in regulating reproduction. Application of exogenous dopamine to the isolated albumen gland of the freshwater pulmonate snail Helisoma duryi (Wetherby) induces the secretion (release) of perivitelline fluid. The major protein component of the perivitelline fluid of Helisoma duryi is a native 288 kDa glycoprotein that is secreted around individual eggs and serves as an important source of nutrients for the developing embryos. The secretion of glycoprotein by the albumen gland is a highly regulated event that must be coordinated with the arrival of the fertilized ovum at the carrefour (the region where the eggs receive albumen gland secretory products). In order to elucidate the intracellular signalling pathway(s) mediating dopamine-induced glycoprotein secretion, albumen gland cAMP production and glycoprotein secretion were measured in the presence/absence of selected dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists. Dopamine D1-selective agonists dihydrexidine, 6,7-ADTN and SKF81297 stimulated cAMP production and glycoprotein secretion from isolated albumen glands whereas D1-selective antagonists SCH23390 and SKF83566 suppressed dopamine-stimulated cAMP production. Dopamine D2-selective agonists and antagonists generally had no effect on cAMP production or protein secretion. Based on the effects of these compounds, a pharmacological profile was obtained that strongly suggests the presence of a dopamine D1-like receptor in the albumen gland of Helisoma duryi. In addition, secretion of albumen gland glycoprotein was not inhibited by protein kinase A inhibitors, suggesting that dopamine-stimulated protein secretion might occur through a protein kinase A-independent pathway.
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MESH Headings
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/analogs & derivatives
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzazepines/pharmacology
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Dopamine Antagonists/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Exocrine Glands/drug effects
- Exocrine Glands/metabolism
- Fresh Water
- Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Phenanthridines/pharmacology
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Reproduction/physiology
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Snails/metabolism
- Tetrahydronaphthalenes/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Mukai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
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