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Zhang Z, Gao Y, Chen S, Wang J. Palladium-Catalyzed Living/Controlled Vinyl Addition Polymerization of Cyclopropenes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17806-17815. [PMID: 34647454 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the various utilities of cyclopropenes (CPEs) in organic synthesis and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), their vinyl addition polymerization has been sporadically explored, and the corresponding living/controlled polymerization remains a formidable challenge. The major obstacle is the intrinsic instability of the intermediate and the kinetic barrier for propagation. Herein a living/controlled vinyl addition polymerization of 3-methyl-3-carboxymethyl CPEs, catalyzed by [Pd(π-allyl)Cl]2 ligated by a sulfinamide bisphosphine ligand, is demonstrated. A plot of the number-average molecular weight (Mn) versus the conversion was found to be linear during the polymerization, with the molecular weight dispersity (Mw/Mn) remaining narrow. The Mn values increased linearly with the increase in the initial feed ratio of monomer to catalyst. Furthermore, controlled block copolymerization via sequential monomer addition was successful. All of these points corroborate the living nature of this polymerization. The synergistic coordination action of the catalyst ligand and the lateral carbonyl group in the cyclopropene moiety plays a key role in achieving the efficient polymerization in a living/controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yunpeng Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Melia J, Connor E, Rush S, Breunig S, Mehler C, Risse W. Pd(II) -catalyzed addition polymerizations of strained polycyclic olefins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19950890140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Walter MD, Moorhouse RA, Urbin SA, White PS, Brookhart M. γ-Agostic Species as Key Intermediates in the Vinyl Addition Polymerization of Norbornene with Cationic (allyl)Pd Catalysts: Synthesis and Mechanistic Insights. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:9055-69. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9025598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc D. Walter
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| | - Rebecca A. Moorhouse
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| | - Stephanie A. Urbin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| | - Peter S. White
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| | - Maurice Brookhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
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Walter MD, Moorhouse RA, White PS, Brookhart M. Vinyl addition polymerization of norbornene with cationic (allyl)Ni catalysts: Mechanistic insights and characterization of first insertion products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Omae I. Organometall-Verbindungen mit intramolekularer π-Olefin-Metall-Koordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19820941204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cárdenas DJ, Echavarren AM. Mechanistic aspects of C–C bond formation involving allylpalladium complexes: the role of computational studies. NEW J CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b315015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Espinet P, Albéniz AC. 1,2-Insertion and β-Elimination. CURRENT METHODS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1873-0418(03)80008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Tian G, Boone HW, Novak BM. Neutral Palladium Complexes as Catalysts for Olefin−Methyl Acrylate Copolymerization: A Cautionary Tale. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma010857w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonglu Tian
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, and The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport Blvd., Freeport, Texas 77541-3257
| | - Harold W. Boone
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, and The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport Blvd., Freeport, Texas 77541-3257
| | - Bruce M. Novak
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, and The Dow Chemical Company, 2301 Brazosport Blvd., Freeport, Texas 77541-3257
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Fugami K, Kawata K, Enokido T, Mishiba Y, Hagiwara S, Hirunuma Y, Koyama D, Kameyama M, Kosugi M. Palladium-catalyzed carbostannylation by means of reagents containing carbon–tin–halogen inter-element linkages. J Organomet Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)00483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tobisch S, Taube R. Density Functional (DFT) Study of the Anti−Syn Isomerization of the Butenyl Group in Cationic and Neutral (Butenyl)(butadiene)(monoligand)nickel(II) Complexes. Organometallics 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/om9810302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Tobisch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Fachbereich Chemie (Merseburg), D-06099 Halle, Germany, and Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Technischen Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Rudolf Taube
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Fachbereich Chemie (Merseburg), D-06099 Halle, Germany, and Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Technischen Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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Hierso JC, Feurer R, Kalck P. Platinum, palladium and rhodium complexes as volatile precursors for depositing materials. Coord Chem Rev 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(98)00161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gómez-Bengoa E, Cuerva JM, Echavarren AM, Martorell G. Kationische Zwischenstufen bei der intramolekularen Insertion von Alkenen in (η3-Allyl)palladium(II)-Komplexe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971090727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Britovsek GJ, Cavell KJ, Keim W. Hemilabile ligands in palladium catalysed CC linkages: the effect of the donor atom in the codimerisation of styrene with ethylene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/1381-1169(96)00067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Arndt M, Engehausen R, Kaminsky W, Zoumis K. Hydrooligomerization of cycloolefins -a view of the microstructure of polynorbornene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/1381-1169(95)00083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Terakado M, Murai K, Miyazawa M, Yamamoto K. Palladium(0)-catalyzed cyclization-carbonylation of 2,7-octadienyl acetate and homologues. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Organopalladium approaches to prostaglandins. 9. Synthesis of a prostaglandin endoperoxide analogue by allylpalladation-ozonolysis of norbornene. Tetrahedron 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Synthesis of polycyclic ketones via carbonylative cyclization of organopalladium compounds derived from norbornene and norbornadiene. Tetrahedron 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)87528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yamada K, Baba S, Nakamura Y, Kawaguchi S. Mixed-ligand Palladium(II) Complexes ContainingO,O′-Chelated β-Diketonate and η3-Carbon-bonded Ethyl 3-Oxobutanoate Anions. Preparation and Reactions with Some Lewis Bases. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1983. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.56.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Mercury in organic chemistry. 23. Synthesis of π-allyl- and alkylpalladium compounds via vinylpalladation of cyclic olefins. Tetrahedron Lett 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)92467-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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May CJ, Powell J. The reaction of endo-alkoxytetraphenylcyclobutenylpalladium complexes with alkenes, 1,2-dienes and 1,3-dienes. J Organomet Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)93766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Taube R, Schmidt U, Schwind H. Komplexkatalyse. X. ?-Olefin-Einschub in die Trihapto-allyl-nickel(II)-Gruppierung: Synthese und Eigenschaften von Bis(pentahapto-1,8-nonadien-5-yl-nickel(II)-difluorophosphat). Z Anorg Allg Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19794580137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Interactions of small organic rings with transition metals; an unusual 1,3-chloropalladation of alkylmethylenecyclopropanes. J Organomet Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)80981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Intramolecular rearrangements of square planar β-diketonate complexes of pa!ladium(II) and platinum(II): Evidence for a dissociative mechanism. Inorganica Chim Acta 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)87161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Henry PM. Palladium-Catalyzed Organic Reactions. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3055(08)60685-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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