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Tok OL, Bould J, Dušek M, Cvačka J. One-Pot Synthesis of 2,5-Dihydrosiloles and Their Silole-Annulated Analogs Starting from Alkynylsilanes with a Terminal Alkynyl Group. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3871-3881. [PMID: 33570946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the reaction of vinyl(alkynyl)silanes with 9-BBN-H, leading to the quantitative formation of 5-R-4-(9-BBN)-2,3-dihydro-1H-siloles, treatment of bis(alkynyl)silanes bearing one terminal alkynyl group with 2 equiv of 9-BBN-H followed by methanolysis afforded 5-R-4-(9-BBN)-2,5-dihydro-1H-siloles with yields of 85-90% (by NMR integration). The reaction proceeds via a double 1,2-hydroboration of the terminal triple bond with the formation of the geminal diborane followed by ring closure via intramolecular 1,1-carboboration of the remaining alkynyl fragment. Depending on the nature of the substituent R in position 5, the allylic BBN group locates in position 3 (R = Ph) or position 5 (R = SiHMe2, SiMe3) to give 2,3- or 2,5-dihydrosiloles, respectively. The protodeborylation of the allylic BBN group with MeOH of both 3,4-(9-BBN)2-2,3-dihydro- and 4,5-(9-BBN)2-2,5-dihydrosiloles results in the exclusive formation of 4-(9-BBN)-2,5-dihydrosiloles. In all cases, the formation of 10-12% of 2-R-2,4-(9-BBN)2-2,3-dihydrosilole minor isomers has been observed, which occurs from vicinal diboranes formed as side products by a second hydroboration of the terminal triple bond. Similarly, treatment of the tri- and tetraalkynes containing a terminal triple bond with 2 equiv of 9-BBN-H followed by treatment with methanol resulted in the high-yield formation of 1,2,6,6a-tetrahydro-1,6-disilapentalenes and 2,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-1,6,7-trisila-1H-cyclopenta[a]pentalenes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg L Tok
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Husinec-Řež 1001, 25068 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Jonathan Bould
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Husinec-Řež 1001, 25068 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dušek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 1999/2, 18221 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Li J, Wu P, Jiang W, Li B, Wang B, Zhu H, Roesky HW. An Unusual and Facile Synthetic Route to Alumoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10027-10031. [PMID: 32160361 PMCID: PMC7318123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of the aluminum dialkynyl LAl(CCR)2 (L=N,N‐chelate ligand and R=organic group) with B(C6F5)3 proceeds through an intermediate with Al⋅⋅⋅η2‐C≡C side‐on coordination to form the alumoles (2, 4, 6). A distinctive reaction pattern indicates a new facile synthetic route to aluminum‐containing heterocycles. The synthetic process is described, and the characterization of compounds and computational calculations were carried out. Furthermore, alumoles 2 and 4 exhibit an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) of the bright yellow fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Binju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Hongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Herbert W Roesky
- Institüt für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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Li J, Wu P, Jiang W, Li B, Wang B, Zhu H, Roesky HW. An Unusual and Facile Synthetic Route to Alumoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfaceNational Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-EstersCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfaceNational Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-EstersCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of Science Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfaceNational Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-EstersCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfaceNational Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-EstersCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Binju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfaceNational Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-EstersCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Hongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfaceNational Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-EstersCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institüt für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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Kehr G, Erker G. Advanced 1,1-carboboration reactions with pentafluorophenylboranes. Chem Sci 2015; 7:56-65. [PMID: 28757997 PMCID: PMC5508682 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03282b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The advanced 1,1-carboboration reaction converts alkynes to alkenylboranes and allows a variety of sequential ring forming reactions of bis(alkynyl) compounds.
The 1,1 carboboration reaction of a variety of metal-substituted alkynes with simple trialkylboranes R3B yields the respective alkenylboranes (Wrackmeyer reaction). The use of the strongly electrophilic R-B(C6F5)2 reagents allows for much milder reaction conditions and gives good yields of the respective bulky alkenylboranes from conventional terminal alkynes by means of 1,2-hydride migration. Even internal alkynes undergo 1,1-carboboration with the R-B(C6F5)2 reagents, in this case yielding alkenylboranes by means of C–C bond cleavage. Phosphorus, sulfur or even boron containing substituents can serve as the migrating alkynyl substituents in the advanced 1,1-carboboration reactions using the R-B(C6F5)2 reagents. Sequential 1,1-carboboration of geminal bis(alkynyl) derivatives of these elements with the R-B(C6F5)2 boranes yields boryl substituted phospholes, thiophenes or even boroles in quite a variety. Vicinal bis(alkynyl)arenes or heteroarene substrates undergo benzannulation reactions in this way. Many of the -B(C6F5)2 substituted 1,1-carboboration products can be used as reagents in cross coupling reactions. A recently disclosed organometallic analogue, namely a 1,1-carbozirconation reaction is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , D-48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , D-48149 Münster , Germany .
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Eisenhut C, Szilvási T, Breit NC, Inoue S. Reaction of an N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Stabilized Silicon(II) Monohydride with Alkynes: [2+2+1] Cycloaddition versus Hydrogen Abstraction. Chemistry 2014; 21:1949-54. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Melen RL. Applications of pentafluorophenyl boron reagents in the synthesis of heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1161-74. [PMID: 24292326 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, main group reagents have attracted a lot of attention in bond-forming reactions in organic synthesis. This article highlights the use of pentafluorophenyl substituted boron reagents in their reactions with C=C and C≡C π-bonds for the synthesis of heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. These cyclisation reactions fall into four general classes although there is some overlap between classes and often combinations of these different types of reactivity are observed in the formation of the final heterocyclic product: (i) 1,2- (and 1,4-) additions of nucleophile and Lewis-acidic boron centre, (ii) 1,1-carboboration, (iii) carbocation rearrangements and (iv) cycloaddition chemistry. In addition, the prospect of using such boron reagents catalytically in the synthesis of aromatic compounds such as oxazoles and dibenzopentalene derivatives is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Melen
- Department of Chemistry, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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Khan E, Wrackmeyer B, Döring C, Kempe R. Synthesis and Characterization of Spirosilanes – 1,2‐Hydroboration and 1,1‐Carboboration. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezzat Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, 18550 Chakdara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan http://www.uom.edu.pk
| | - Bernd Wrackmeyer
- Anorganische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Cristian Döring
- Anorganische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Rhett Kempe
- Anorganische Chemie II, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Ge F, Kehr G, Daniliuc CG, Erker G. Unusual Pathway Taken in the Reaction of Bis(alkynyl)diisopropylaminoboranes with B(C6F5)3. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:2227-34. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Xu BH, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Grimme S, Erker G. Reaction of Aminodihydropentalenes with HB(C6F5)2: The Crucial Role of Dihydrogen Elimination. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3480-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ja1092369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Hua Xu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Ugolotti J, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Erker G. Photochemical isomerisation of boryl-substituted silole derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:3016-8. [PMID: 20386853 DOI: 10.1039/b927221f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juri Ugolotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Dierker G, Ugolotti J, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Erker G. Reaction of Bis(alkynyl)silanes with Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane: Synthesis of Bulky Silole Derivatives by Means of 1,1-Carboboration under Mild Reaction Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Ugolotti J, Kehr G, Fröhlich R, Grimme S, Erker G. Five-Membered Zirconacycloallenoids: Synthesis and Characterization of Members of a Unique Class of Internally Metal-Stabilized Bent Allenoid Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1996-2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ja8084302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juri Ugolotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Kizas OA, Erdyakov SY, Antonov DY, Godovikov IA, Vorontsov EV, Dolgushin FM, Ezernitskaya MG, Barakovskaya IG. Reactions of H2Os3(CO)10 with triallylboranes: formation of novel triosmium boron-containing olefin clusters. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b822277k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shao G, Orita A, Nishijima K, Ishimaru K, Takezaki M, Wakamatsu K, Gleiter R, Otera J. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Arylethynylsilanes. Chem Asian J 2007; 2:489-98. [PMID: 17441186 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A variety of arylethynylsilanes (Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)(n)SiMe(4-n) were prepared successfully by reaction of the corresponding chlorosilanes Me(4-n)SiCl(n) with Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]CM (M = Li, MgBr), which was prepared by treatment of ethynyl(diarylethyne)s Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]CH with BuLi or MeMgBr. The ethynyl(diarylethyne)s were readily prepared in good yields by the double-elimination method: addition of lithium hexamethyldisilazide to a mixture of ArCH2SO2Ph, TMS-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-CHO, and ClP(O)(OEt)2, followed by desilylation. In the tetrakis(arylethynyl)silanes (Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)4Si thus prepared, through-space conjugation of four triple bonds on the silicon atom emerges as a result of participation of the silicon orbitals in the acetylenic pi orbitals. This participation enhances the emissive quantum yields of arylethynylsilanes with an increase in the number of arylethynyl moieties on silicon: quantum yields of emission (phiF) of 0.72 for (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)4Si, 0.53 for (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)2SiMe2, and 0.47 for MeO-C6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]CSiMe3 were obtained. Although this enhancement effect was also observed in the phenylethynylarylsilane (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4)2SiMe2, the bis(arylethynyl)disilane (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C-SiMe2)2 exhibited non-enhanced emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Shao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University of Science, Ridai-cho, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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Rousseau G, Blanco L. Heterocyclic compounds with a silicon atom and another non-adjacent different heteroatom. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wrackmeyer B. Metallacyclopentadienes and related heterocycles via 1,1-organoboration of alkyn-1-ylmetal compounds. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.20222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bubnov YN, Kuznetsov NY, Pastukhov FV, Kublitsky VV. A Convenient Method for the Generation of Allylic Dihaloboranes and Diallyl(chloro)borane and Their Application in the Allylboration of Alkenes and Acetylenes. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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