Ferrocenyl hydroxymethylphosphines (η5-C5H5)Fe[η5-C5H4P(CH2OH)2] and 1,1′-[Fe{η5-C5H4P(CH2OH)2}2] and their chalcogenide derivatives

Transition-metal complexes of group 12 with 1,1'-bis(phosphanyl)ferrocene ligands

The syntheses of four new cadmium and zinc complexes with 1,1'-bis(phosphanyl)ferrocene ligands and their phosphine chalcogenide derivatives are reported. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses and IR, ¹H NMR, ³¹P NMR and electronic absorption spectroscopy. The crystal structures of dichlorido[1-diphenylphosphinoyl-1'-(di-tert-butylphosphanyl)ferrocene-κ²O,P]cadmium(II), [CdCl₂{(C₁₇H₁₄OP)(C₁₃H₂₂P)Fe}] or CdCl₂(κ²P,O-dppOdtbpf) (1), bis[μ-(tert-butyl)(1'-diphenylphosphinoylferrocen-1-yl)phosphinato-κ³O,O':O'']bis[chloridozinc(II)], [Zn₂{(C₉H₁₃O₂P)(C₁₇H₁₄OP)Fe}₂Cl₂] or [ZnOCl{κ²O,O'-Ph₂POFcPO₂(t-Bu)}]₂ (2), 1,1'-bis(di-tert-butylthiophosphinoyl)ferrocene, [Fe(C₁₃H₂₂PS)₂] or dtbpfS₂ (3), and [1,1'-bis(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)ferrocene-κ²P,P'][chlorido/cyanido(0.25/1.75)]zinc(II), [Zn(CN)_1.75Cl_0.25{(C₁₇H₂₆P)₂Fe}] or Zn(CN)₂(κ²-dcpf) (4), were determined crystallographically. Compound 1 has tetrahedral geometry in which the Cd^II centre is coordinated by one dppOdtbpf ligand in a κ²-manner and by two Cl atoms, while compound 2 displays a centrosymmetric dimeric unit in which two oxide atoms bridge the two Zn atoms to generate an eight-membered ring. Compound 3 revealed a sandwich structure with both phosphane groups sulfurized. In compound 4, the Zn^II atom adopts a tetrahedral geometry by coordinating to the 1,1'-bis(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)ferrocene ligand in a κ²-manner and to two cyanide ligands.

[Dicyclohexyl(sulfanylidene)-λ5-phosphanyl]methanol

The title compound, [dicyclohexyl(sulfanylidene)-λ5-phosphanyl]methanol, Cy2P(=S)CH2OH (1), was obtained from the reaction between [Cy2P(CH2OH)2]Cl with one molar equivalent of NaOH and an excess of elemental sulfur (powdered). Characterization was by a single-crystal X-ray structure determination as well as IR, and 1D-NMR (1H, 13C{1H}, 31P{1H}), and 2D-NMR (DEPT-135 and HSQC) spectroscopy, ESI mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. X-ray crystallography on Compound 1 shows the phosphorus atom to be tetrahedrally coordinated within a non-symmetric C3S donor set but with relatively minor distortions from the ideal geometry. In the molecular packing, hydroxyl-O–H⋯S(thione) hydrogen bonds led to supramolecular helical chains along the b-axis direction.

Different Complexation Behavior of P-Functionalized Ferrocene Derivatives Towards SnCl2 , SnCl4 and SnPh2 Cl2 : Auto-ionization and Redox-Type Reactions

The novel phosphonyl-substituted ferrocene derivatives [Fe(η(5) -Cp)(η(5) -C5 H3 {P(O)(O-iPr)2 }2 -1,2)] (Fc(1,2) ) and [Fe{η(5) -C5 H4 P(O)(O-iPr)2 }2 ] (Fc(1,1') ) react with SnCl2 , SnCl4 , and SnPh2 Cl2 , giving the corresponding complexes [(Fc(1,2) )2 SnCl][SnCl3 ] (1), [{(Fc(1,1') )SnCl2 }n ] (2), [(Fc(1,1') )SnCl4 ] (3), [{(Fc(1,1') )SnPh2 Cl2 }n ] (4), and [(Fc(1,2) )SnCl4 ] (5), respectively. The compounds are characterized by elemental analyses, (1) H, (13) C, (31) P, (119) Sn NMR and IR spectroscopy, (31) P and (119) Sn CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy, cyclovoltammetry, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and single-crystal as well as powder X-ray diffraction analyses. The experimental work is accompanied by DFT calculations, which help to shed light on the origin for the different reaction behavior of Fc(1,1') and Fc(1,2) towards tin(II) chloride.

Structural analysis of organometallic compounds with soft ionization mass spectrometry

The analysis of organometallic compounds with mass spectrometry has some special features in comparison with organic and bioorganic compounds. The first step is the choice of a suitable ionization technique, where the electrospray ionization is certainly the best possibility for most classes of organometallic compounds and metal complexes. Some ionization mechanisms of organometallic compounds are comparable to organic molecules, such as protonation/deprotonation, and adduct formation with sodium or potassium ions; however, in many cases, different mechanisms and their combinations complicate the spectra interpretation. Organometallics frequently undergo various types of adduct and polymerization reactions that result in significantly higher masses observed in the spectra in comparison to molecular weights of studied compounds. Metal elements typically have more natural isotopes than common organic elements, which cause characteristic wide distributions of isotopic peaks; for example, tin has ten natural isotopes. The isotopic pattern can be used for the identification of the type and number of metal elements in particular ions. The ionization and fragmentation behavior also depend on the type of metal atom; therefore, our discussion of mass spectra interpretation is divided according to the different type of organometallic compounds. Among various types of mass spectrometers available on the market, trap-based analyzers (linear or spherical ion-traps, Orbitrap) are suitable to study complex fragmentation pathways of organometallic ions and their adducts, whereas high-resolution and high-mass accuracy analyzers (time-of-flight-based analyzers, or Fourier transform-based analyzers-Orbitrap or ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers) provide accurate masses applicable for the determination of the elemental composition of individual ions.