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Wei YM, Zhang X, Cen FL, Du YY, Liu YL, Han QY, Yu ZX, Chen GY. Structurally diverse isoquinoline alkaloids from the barks of Alangium salviifolium (L. f.) Wangerin and their cytotoxicity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 223:114139. [PMID: 38750707 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Eleven undescribed isoquinoline alkaloids (1-8, 14, 15, and 24), along with 19 analogues (9-13, 16-23, and 25-30) were isolated from the barks of Alangium salviifolium. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated through the analysis of their HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV, and X-ray diffraction. The absolute configuration of 8 was established via the ECD calculation. Notably, compounds 1/2 and 3/4 were two pairs of C-14 epimers. The isolated alkaloids were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines, including SGC-7901, HeLa, K562, A549, BEL-7402, HepG2, and B16, β-carboline-benzoquinolizidine (14-22) and cepheline-type (24-28) alkaloids exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.01 to 48.12 μM. Remarkably, compounds 17 and 21 demonstrated greater cytotoxicity than the positive control doxorubicin hydrochloride. Furthermore, a significant proportion of these bioactive alkaloids possess a C-1' epimer configuration. The exploration of their structure-activity relationship holds promise for directing future investigations into alkaloids derived from Alangium, potentially leading to novel insights and therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Fu-Ling Cen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Yi-Yi Du
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Yuan-Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Qiao-Yuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China
| | - Zhang-Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China.
| | - Guang-Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China.
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2
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Mossine VV, Mawhinney TP. 1-Amino-1-deoxy-d-fructose ("fructosamine") and its derivatives. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2023; 83:27-132. [PMID: 37968038 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Fructosamine has long been considered as a key intermediate of the Maillard reaction, which to a large extent is responsible for specific aroma, taste, and color formation in thermally processed or dehydrated foods. Since the 1980s, however, as a product of the Amadori rearrangement reaction between glucose and biologically significant amines such as proteins, fructosamine has experienced a boom in biomedical research, mainly due to its relevance to pathologies in diabetes and aging. In this chapter, we assess the scope of the knowledge on and applications of fructosamine-related molecules in chemistry, food, and health sciences, as reflected mostly in publications within the past decade. Methods of fructosamine synthesis and analysis, its chemical, and biological properties, and degradation reactions, together with fructosamine-modifying and -recognizing proteins are surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeri V Mossine
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Thomas P Mawhinney
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
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3
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Wang X, Li LJ, Wang ZY, Xu H, Dai HX. Homologation of aryl ketones to long-chain ketones and aldehydes via C-C bond cleavage. iScience 2022; 25:104505. [PMID: 35720269 PMCID: PMC9204744 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed C-C bond cleavage is a powerful tool for the reconstruction of a molecular skeleton. We report herein the multi-carbon homologation of aryl ketones to long-chain ketones and aldehydes via ligand-promoted Ar-C(O) bond cleavage and subsequent cross coupling with alkenols. Various (hetero)aryl ketones are compatible in the reaction, affording the corresponding products wtih good to excellent yields with high regioselectivity. Further applications in the late-stage diversification of biologically important molecules demonstrate the synthetic utility of this protocol. Mechanistic studies indicate that the ligand plays an important role in both C-C bond cleavage and the asymmetric migration-insertion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ling-Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hui Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
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4
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Multi-Step In Silico Discovery of Natural Drugs against COVID-19 Targeting Main Protease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136912. [PMID: 35805916 PMCID: PMC9266348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In continuation of our antecedent work against COVID-19, three natural compounds, namely, Luteoside C (130), Kahalalide E (184), and Streptovaricin B (278) were determined as the most promising SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors among 310 naturally originated antiviral compounds. This was performed via a multi-step in silico method. At first, a molecular structure similarity study was done with PRD_002214, the co-crystallized ligand of Mpro (PDB ID: 6LU7), and favored thirty compounds. Subsequently, the fingerprint study performed with respect to PRD_002214 resulted in the election of sixteen compounds (7, 128, 130, 156, 157, 158, 180, 184, 203, 204, 210, 237, 264, 276, 277, and 278). Then, results of molecular docking versus Mpro PDB ID: 6LU7 favored eight compounds (128, 130, 156, 180, 184, 203, 204, and 278) based on their binding affinities. Then, in silico toxicity studies were performed for the promising compounds and revealed that all of them have good toxicity profiles. Finally, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation experiments were carried out for compounds 130, 184, and 278, which exhibited the best binding modes against Mpro. MD tests revealed that luteoside C (130) has the greatest potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
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Valipour M. Different Aspects of Emetine's Capabilities as a Highly Potent SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor against COVID-19. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:387-399. [PMID: 35702393 PMCID: PMC9159504 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In the global movement to find the appropriate agents to fight the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), emetine is one of the strongest anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds with sub-micromolar EC50 values, identified in several studies and high-throughput screening efforts. The reported anti-SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms indicate the effect of this compound on both virus-based and host-based targets. In addition to having excellent antiviral effects, emetine can relieve COVID-19 patients by reducing inflammation through inhibitory activity against NF-κB by the mechanism of IκBα phosphorylation inhibition; it can also limit the lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6. Emetine also can well reduce pulmonary arterial hypertension as an important COVID-19 complication by modulating a variety of cellular processes such as the Rho-kinase/CyPA/Bsg signaling pathway. The therapeutic value of emetine for combating COVID-19 was highlighted when in vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that the concentration of this compound in the lungs increases significantly higher than the EC50 of the drug. Despite its valuable therapeutic effects, emetine has some cardiotoxic effects that limit its use in high doses. However, high therapeutic capabilities make emetine a valuable lead compound that can be used for the design and development of less toxic anti-COVID-19 agents in the future. This Review provides a collection of information on the capabilities of emetine and its potential for the treatment of COVID-19, along with structural analysis which could be used for further research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Valipour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University
of Medical Sciences, 48175-866 Sari, Iran
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6
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Alekszi‐Kaszás A, Käfer‐Beke K, Varga TR, Bényei A, Kovács T, Mándi A, Kurtán T, Simon A, Nemes P. Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Benzoquinolizidines. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alekszi‐Kaszás
- Department of Chemistry University of Veterinary Medicine H-1400 Budapest, P.O.Box 2 Hungary
| | - Klára Käfer‐Beke
- Department of Chemistry University of Technology and Economics H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4 Hungary
| | - Tamás R. Varga
- Department of Chemistry University of Veterinary Medicine H-1400 Budapest, P.O.Box 2 Hungary
| | - Attila Bényei
- Department of Physical Chemistry University of Debrecen 4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Debrecen, P. O. Box 400 4002 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Debrecen, P. O. Box 400 4002 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Debrecen, P. O. Box 400 4002 Debrecen Hungary
| | - András Simon
- Department of Chemistry University of Technology and Economics H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4 Hungary
| | - Péter Nemes
- Department of Chemistry University of Veterinary Medicine H-1400 Budapest, P.O.Box 2 Hungary
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Kittakoop P, Darshana D, Sangsuwan R, Mahidol C. Alkaloids and Alkaloid-Like Compounds are Potential Scaffolds of Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Virus. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-22-sr(r)3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Targeting HSF1 as a Therapeutic Strategy for Multiple Mechanisms of EGFR Inhibitor Resistance in EGFR Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122987. [PMID: 34203709 PMCID: PMC8232331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We attempted to identify target proteins and compounds that can be used to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC. To accomplish this, we generated EGFR inhibitor erlotinib-resistant HCC827-ErlR cells and obtained a list of differentially expressed genes. Then, we performed connectivity map analysis and identified heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) as a potential target protein to overcome erlotinib resistance. Using specific HSF1 shRNAs and KRIBB11 (N2-(1H-Indazol-5-yl)-N6-methyl-3-nitropyridine-2,6-diamine), we proved the effectiveness of HSF1 inhibition for overcoming erlotinib resistance in vitro. In addition, we proved the efficacy of emetine in inhibiting HSF1 activity and the tumor growth of erlotinib-resistant PC9-ErlR cells in a mouse model. Abstract Although EGFR-TKI treatment of NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) patients often achieves profound initial responses, the efficacy is transient due to acquired resistance. Multiple receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathways contribute to the resistance of NSCLC to first- and third-generation EGFR-TKIs, such as erlotinib and osimertinib. To identify potential targets for overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance, we performed a gene expression signature-based strategy using connectivity map (CMap) analysis. We generated erlotinib-resistant HCC827-ErlR cells, which showed resistance to erlotinib, gefitinib, osimertinib, and doxorubicin. A list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HCC827-ErlR cells was generated and queried using CMap analysis. Analysis of the top 4 compounds from the CMap list suggested HSF1 as a potential target to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance. HSF1 inhibition by using HSF1 shRNAs or KRIBB11 decreased the expression of HSF1 downstream proteins, such as HSP70 and HSP27, and also decreased the expression of HSP90/HSP70/BAG3 client proteins, such as BCL2, MCL1, EGFR, MET, and AXL, causing apoptosis of EGFR-TKI-resistant cancer cells. Finally, we demonstrated the efficacy of the HSF1 inhibitor on PC9-ErlR cells expressing mutant EGFR (T790M) in vivo. Collectively, these findings support a targetable HSF1-(HSP90/HSP70/BAG3)-(BCL2/MCL1/EGFR/MET/AXL) pathway to overcome multiple mechanisms of EGFR-TKI resistance.
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9
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Varela MT, Fernandes JPS. Natural Products: Key Prototypes to Drug Discovery Against Neglected Diseases Caused by Trypanosomatids. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2133-2146. [PMID: 29714138 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180501102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neglected tropical diseases are a group of infections caused by microorganisms and viruses that affect mainly poor regions of the world. In addition, most available drugs are associated with long periods of treatment and high toxicity which limits the application and patient compliance. Investment in research and development is not seen as an attractive deal by the pharmaceutical industry since the final product must ideally be cheap, not returning the amount invested. Natural products have always been an important source for bioactive compounds and are advantageous over synthetic compounds when considering the unique structural variety and biological activities. On the other hand, isolation difficulties and low yields, environmental impact and high cost usually limit their application as drug per se. OBJECTIVE In this review, the use of natural products as prototypes for the semi-synthesis or total synthesis, as well as natural products as promising hits is covered, specifically regarding compounds with activities against trypanosomatids such as Trypanosoma spp. and Leishmania spp. METHODS Selected reports from literature with this approach were retrieved. CONCLUSION As summary, it can be concluded that natural products are an underestimated source for designing novel agents against these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Themoteo Varela
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema-SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo S Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema-SP, Brazil
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10
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Asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation of imines and enamines in natural product synthesis. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ben Hlel T, Borges T, Rueda A, Smaali I, Marzouki MN, Seiquer I. Polyphenols bioaccessibility and bioavailability assessment in ipecac infusion using a combined assay of simulated
in vitro
digestion and Caco‐2 cell model. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takoua Ben Hlel
- LIP‐MB Laboratory (LR11ES24) National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage Centre urbain nord de Tunis, B.P. 676 Tunis Cedex 1080 Tunisia
- Department of Biology Faculty of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar Rue de Tolède 2092 Tunis Tunisia
| | - Thays Borges
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Animal Nutrition Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC) Camino del Jueves s/n 18100 Armilla Granada Spain
| | - Ascensión Rueda
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix Verdú Avenida del Conocimiento s/n. Parque Tecnológico de la Salud 18071 Armilla Granada Spain
| | - Issam Smaali
- LIP‐MB Laboratory (LR11ES24) National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage Centre urbain nord de Tunis, B.P. 676 Tunis Cedex 1080 Tunisia
| | - M. Nejib Marzouki
- LIP‐MB Laboratory (LR11ES24) National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage Centre urbain nord de Tunis, B.P. 676 Tunis Cedex 1080 Tunisia
| | - Isabel Seiquer
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Animal Nutrition Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC) Camino del Jueves s/n 18100 Armilla Granada Spain
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The Trans Golgi Region is a Labile Intracellular Ca 2+ Store Sensitive to Emetine. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17143. [PMID: 30464185 PMCID: PMC6249204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) is a bona fide Ca2+ store; however, there is a lack of GA-specific Ca2+ mobilizing agents. Here, we report that emetine specifically releases Ca2+ from GA in HeLa and HL-1 atrial myocytes. Additionally, it has become evident that the trans-Golgi is a labile Ca2+ store that requires a continuous source of Ca2+ from either the external milieu or from the ER, to enable it to produce a detectable transient increase in cytosolic Ca2+. Our data indicates that the emetine-sensitive Ca2+ mobilizing mechanism is different from the two classical Ca2+ release mechanisms, i.e. IP3 and ryanodine receptors. This newly discovered ability of emetine to release Ca2+ from the GA may explain why chronic consumption of ipecac syrup has muscle side effects.
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Kantamreddi VSS, Marston G, Shnyder SD, Wright CW. Evaluation of Alangium lamarckii Bark for Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Constituents and Isolation of a Novel Tubulosine Analogue. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801301012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alangium lamarkii is traditionally used in India for the treatment of malaria. Partial activity guided-fractionation of the basic chloroform fraction of the methanolic extract of the bark led to the isolation of a novel tubulosine analogue, 10-demethyl-9'- N-methyltubulosine (1), for which the trivial name tubulosatine is suggested. In addition, the known A. lamarkii constituents, tubulosine (2), cephaeline and emetine were isolated as potent antiplasmodial and cytotoxic constituents, but 1 was up to 1000-fold less potent than the former alkaloids against both malaria parasites and human cancer cell lines. The compounds were active against both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant malaria parasites, but no selective toxicity was observed towards malaria parasites compared with cancer cells with any of the alkaloids. Further work to explore the basis for the relatively weak biological activities of 1 would be worthwhile. Betulinic acid, stigmasterol and its 3- O-glucoside were isolated from the neutral chloroform fraction of the methanolic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Siva Satyanarayana Kantamreddi
- Centre for Chemical Analysis, Central Research Laboratory, GIT, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam - 45, Andhra Pradesh, India
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Marston
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D. Shnyder
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W. Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
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14
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HPLC–MS analysis of ipecacuanha alkaloids in pharmaceutical relics from eighteenth century. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Tanahashi T. [Diversity of Secondary Metabolites from Some Medicinal Plants and Cultivated Lichen Mycobionts]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2018; 137:1443-1482. [PMID: 29199255 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the structural determination, biosynthesis, and biological activities of secondary metabolites from natural sources are significant in the field of natural products chemistry. This review focuses on diverse secondary metabolites isolated from medicinal plants and cultivated mycobionts of lichens in our laboratory. Monoterpene-tetrahydroisoquinoline glycosides and alkaloids isolated from Cephaelis acuminata and Alangium lamarckii gave important information on the biosynthesis of ipecac alkaloids. A variety of glycosides linked with a secologanin unit and indole alkaloids were obtained from medicinal plants belonging to the families of Rubiaceae, Apocynaceae, and Loganiaceae. Plant species of the four genera Fraxinus, Syringa, Jasminum, and Ligustrum of the family Oleaceae were chemically investigated to provide several types of secoiridoid and iridoid glucosides. The biosynthetic pathway leading from protopine to benzophenanthridine alkaloids in suspension cell cultures of Eschscholtzia californica was elucidated. The structures and biological activities of the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids of Stephania cepharantha and Nelumbo nucifera were also investigated. In addition, the mycobionts of lichens were cultivated to afford various types of metabolites that differ from the lichen substances of intact lichens but are structurally similar to fungal metabolites. The biosynthetic origins of some metabolites were also studied. These findings suggest that cultures of lichen mycobionts could be sources of new bioactive compounds and good systems for investigating secondary metabolism in lichens.
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Chen H, Xiao T, Li L, Anand D, He Y, Zhou L. Synthesis of Fluorinated Benzo[a]quinolizidines via
Visible Light-induced Tandem Substitution of Two Fluorine Atoms in a CF3
Group. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoguo Chen
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 135 Xingang West Road Guangzhou 510275 People's Republic of China
| | - Tiebo Xiao
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 135 Xingang West Road Guangzhou 510275 People's Republic of China
| | - Linyong Li
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 135 Xingang West Road Guangzhou 510275 People's Republic of China
| | - Devireddy Anand
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 135 Xingang West Road Guangzhou 510275 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei He
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 135 Xingang West Road Guangzhou 510275 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; 135 Xingang West Road Guangzhou 510275 People's Republic of China
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Onozawa T, Kitajima M, Kogure N, Peerakam N, Santiarworn D, Takayama H. A Cyclopeptide and a Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloid from Ophiorrhiza nutans. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2156-2160. [PMID: 28726398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new cyclopeptide, ophiorrhisine A (1), a new tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, 7',10-dide-O-methylcephaeline (2), two known β-carboline alkaloids, and four known tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids were isolated from Ophiorrhiza nutans (Rubiaceae). Compound 1 is a tetrapeptide possessing a 14-membered paracyclophane ring and a novel N,N,N-trimethyltyrosine residue in the side chain. The stereochemistry at the aryl-alkyl ether bond was different from that of other known 14-membered paracyclophanes. The structure of 2 was established by spectroscopic analysis and semisynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadayoshi Onozawa
- Department of Biofunctional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mariko Kitajima
- Department of Biofunctional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kogure
- Department of Biofunctional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Nichakan Peerakam
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Burapha University , Bangsaen, Chonburi Province 20131, Thailand
| | | | - Hiromitsu Takayama
- Department of Biofunctional Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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13C-NMR Spectral Data of Alkaloids Isolated from Psychotria Species (Rubiaceae). Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010103. [PMID: 28085077 PMCID: PMC6155581 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Psychotria (Rubiaceae) comprises more than 2000 species, mainly found in tropical and subtropical forests. Several studies have been conducted concerning their chemical compositions, showing that this genus is a potential source of alkaloids. At least 70 indole alkaloids have been identified from this genus so far. This review aimed to compile 13C-NMR data of alkaloids isolated from the genus Psychotria as well as describe the main spectral features of different skeletons.
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Szcześniak P, Ulikowski A, Staszewska-Krajewska O, Lipner G, Furman B. Stereoselective synthesis of benzoquinolizidines and related homologues via intramolecular addition to dihydropyridones. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Martins D, Nunez CV. Secondary metabolites from Rubiaceae species. Molecules 2015; 20:13422-95. [PMID: 26205062 PMCID: PMC6331836 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200713422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes some characteristics of the Rubiaceae family pertaining to the occurrence and distribution of secondary metabolites in the main genera of this family. It reports the review of phytochemical studies addressing all species of Rubiaceae, published between 1990 and 2014. Iridoids, anthraquinones, triterpenes, indole alkaloids as well as other varying alkaloid subclasses, have shown to be the most common. These compounds have been mostly isolated from the genera Uncaria, Psychotria, Hedyotis, Ophiorrhiza and Morinda. The occurrence and distribution of iridoids, alkaloids and anthraquinones point out their chemotaxonomic correlation among tribes and subfamilies. From an evolutionary point of view, Rubioideae is the most ancient subfamily, followed by Ixoroideae and finally Cinchonoideae. The chemical biosynthetic pathway, which is not so specific in Rubioideae, can explain this and large amounts of both iridoids and indole alkaloids are produced. In Ixoroideae, the most active biosysthetic pathway is the one that produces iridoids; while in Cinchonoideae, it produces indole alkaloids together with other alkaloids. The chemical biosynthetic pathway now supports this botanical conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Martins
- Bioprospection and Biotechnology Laboratory, Technology and Innovation Coordenation, National Research Institute of Amazonia, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Veronica Nunez
- Bioprospection and Biotechnology Laboratory, Technology and Innovation Coordenation, National Research Institute of Amazonia, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM 69067-375, Brazil.
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Reginato G, Catalani MP, Pezzati B, Di Fabio R, Bernardelli A, Curcuruto O, Moro E, Pozzan A, Mordini A. Stereoselective synthesis of 3-substituted tetrahydropyrazinoisoquinolines via intramolecular cyclization of enantiomerically enriched dihydro-2H-pyrazines. Org Lett 2015; 17:398-401. [PMID: 25629303 DOI: 10.1021/ol503431f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of 3-substituted tetrahydropyrazinoisoquinolines using the tributyltin hydride mediated intramolecular radical cyclization of suitably protected 2-substituted 3,4-dihydropyrazines is reported. The compounds are obtained as single enantiomers, as the relative configuration of the new generated stereogenic center is driven by the stereochemistry of the 2-substituted carbon in the starting materials, which is in turn derived from naturally occurring amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Reginato
- ICCOM - CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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22
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Heravi MM, Ahmadi T, Ghavidel M, Heidari B, Hamidi H. Recent applications of the hetero Diels–Alder reaction in the total synthesis of natural products. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17488k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthetic utility and potential power of the Diels–Alder (D–A) reaction in organic chemistry is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hoda Hamidi
- Department of Chemistry
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
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23
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Formagio ASN, Volobuff CRF, Santiago M, Cardoso CAL, Vieira MDC, Valdevina Pereira Z. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, Total Flavonoids, Tannins and Phenolic Compounds in Psychotria Leaf Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:745-57. [PMID: 26785238 PMCID: PMC4665508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of Psychotria carthagenensis, P. leiocarpa, P. capillacea and P. deflexa (Rubiaceae) extracts were investigated, and the concentrations of total phenolics, flavonoids, condensed tannins and flavonols were determined. The chemical compositions of the extracts were investigated using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC/PAD) method. We used 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH), β-Carotene bleaching and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cations to determine antioxidant activity. The ability to scavenge radical was measured in these experiments by the discoloration of the solution. Concentrations of constituents were measured spectrophotometrically. P. carthagenensis and P. capillacea exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, in the DPPH test, β-carotene bleaching and ABTS system. The highest phenolic, flavonoid, condensed tannin and flavonol concentration was found in P. carthagenensis and P. capillacea extracts. HPLC-PDA analysis of P. carthagenensis and P. capillacea revealed hydroxycinnamic acid (p-coumaric acid). This is the first report on the antioxidant properties and constituent analysis of these Psychotria extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matheus Santiago
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Federal of Grande Dourados (UFGD), 79804-970/533 Dourados-MS, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
- Chemistry Program, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Mato Grosso do Sul, 79804-970/351 Dourados-MS, Brazil.
| | - Maria do Carmo Vieira
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University Federal of Grande Dourados (UFGD), 79804-970/533 Dourados-MS, Brazil.
| | - Zefa Valdevina Pereira
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University Federal of Grande Dourados (UFGD), 79804-970/533 Dourados-MS, Brazil.
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Moreno BP, Ricardo Fiorucci LL, do Carmo MRB, Sarragiotto MH, Baldoqui DC. Terpenoids and a coumarin from aerial parts of Psychotria vellosiana Benth. (Rubiaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chakraborty M, Mukhopadhyay S. Angustinine – A New Benzopyridoquinolizine Alkaloid from Alangium lamarckii. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A new benzopyridoquinolizine alkaloid, designated as angustinine (1), was isolated from the root bark of Alangium lamarckii Thwaites, along with the known ipecac alkaloid, emetine. Investigation of the stem bark of the same plant resulted in the isolation of another known ipecac alkaloid, cephaeline. The structure of the new alkaloid (1) was elucidated on the basis of 2D NMR spectral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumu Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Taki Government College, Taki, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India
| | - Sibabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (A Unit of C.S.I.R.) 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
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Freitas CS, Baggio CH, Mayer B, dos Santos AC, Twardowschy A, de Moraes Santos CA, Marques MCA. Inhibition of Gastric H +, K +-ATPase Activity by Compounds from Medicinal Plants. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
H+, K+-ATPase enzyme is a therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric disturbances. Several medicinal plants and isolated compounds inhibit the acid gastric secretion through interaction with the proton pump. In order to add new properties to some natural constituents, five compounds, a benzylated derivative of vincoside, a diterpene (abietic acid) and three alkaloids (cephaeline, vinblastine and vindoline), were tested for their activities on gastric H+,K+-ATPase isolated from rabbit stomach. All the compounds inhibited H+, K+-ATPase activity with varied potency. The IC50value for benzylvincoside was 121 (50-293) μM, and for abietic acid 177 (148-211) μM. The alkaloids cephaeline, vinblastine and vindoline inhibited the H+,K+-ATPase activity with IC50values of 194, 761 and 846 μM, respectively. The results suggest that benzylvincoside, abietic acid and cephaeline can be important sources for the development of anti-secretor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Setim Freitas
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Hatsuko Baggio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - André Twardowschy
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cid Aimbiré de Moraes Santos
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Sector, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Prefeito Lothário Meissner 632, CEP 80210-170, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Consuelo Andrade Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Bernhard M, Fasshuber H, Robien W, Brecker L, Greger H. Dopamine-iridoid alkaloids in Carapichea affinis (= Psychotria borucana) confirm close relationship to the vomiting root Ipecac. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nomura T, Kutchan TM. Three new O-methyltransferases are sufficient for all O-methylation reactions of ipecac alkaloid biosynthesis in root culture of Psychotria ipecacuanha. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:7722-38. [PMID: 20061395 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.086157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The medicinal plant Psychotria ipecacuanha produces ipecac alkaloids, a series of monoterpenoid-isoquinoline alkaloids such as emetine and cephaeline, whose biosynthesis derives from condensation of dopamine and secologanin. Here, we identified three cDNAs, IpeOMT1-IpeOMT3, encoding ipecac alkaloid O-methyltransferases (OMTs) from P. ipecacuanha. They were coordinately transcribed with the recently identified ipecac alkaloid beta-glucosidase Ipeglu1. Their amino acid sequences were closely related to each other and rather to the flavonoid OMTs than to the OMTs involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. Characterization of the recombinant IpeOMT enzymes with integration of the enzymatic properties of the IpeGlu1 revealed that emetine biosynthesis branches off from N-deacetylisoipecoside through its 6-O-methylation by IpeOMT1, with a minor contribution by IpeOMT2, followed by deglucosylation by IpeGlu1. The 7-hydroxy group of the isoquinoline skeleton of the aglycon is methylated by IpeOMT3 prior to the formation of protoemetine that is condensed with a second dopamine molecule, followed by sequential O-methylations by IpeOMT2 and IpeOMT1 to form cephaeline and emetine, respectively. In addition to this central pathway of ipecac alkaloid biosynthesis, formation of all methyl derivatives of ipecac alkaloids in P. ipecacuanha could be explained by the enzymatic activities of IpeOMT1-IpeOMT3, indicating that they are sufficient for all O-methylation reactions of ipecac alkaloid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Nomura
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, Missouri 63132, USA.
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31
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32
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Dembitsky VM. Astonishing diversity of natural surfactants: 6. Biologically active marine and terrestrial alkaloid glycosides. Lipids 2006; 40:1081-105. [PMID: 16459921 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-005-1473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This review article presents 209 alkaloid glycosides isolated and identified from plants, microorganisms, and marine invertebrates that demonstrate different biological activities. They are of great interest, especially for the medicinal and/or pharmaceutical industries. These biologically active glycosides have good potential for future chemical preparation of compounds useful as antioxidants, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antibacterial agents. These glycosidic compounds have been subdivided into several groups, including: acridone; aporphine; benzoxazinoid; ergot; indole; enediyne alkaloidal antibiotics; glycosidic lupine alkaloids; piperidine, pyridine, pyrrolidine, and pyrrolizidine alkaloid glycosides; glycosidic quinoline and isoquinoline alkaloids; steroidal glycoalkaloids; and miscellaneous alkaloid glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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33
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Gerencsér J, Dormán G, Darvas F. Meldrum's Acid in Multicomponent Reactions: Applications to Combinatorial and Diversity-Oriented Synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200540212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Sakurai N, Nakagawa-Goto K, Ito J, Sakurai Y, Nakanishi Y, Bastow KF, Cragg G, Lee KH. Cytotoxic Alangium alkaloids from Alangium longiflorum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:894-7. [PMID: 16530796 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2005] [Revised: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 01/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Seven alkaloids (1-7) were isolated from the stem bark of Alangium longiflorum. Compound 1, (-)-10-O-demethylisocephaeline, was isolated for the first time as a naturally occurring product from a plant source. All structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis. Biological evaluation showed that 2, 10-O-demethylcephaeline, exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against human lung carcinoma (A549) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) with ED(50) values of 0.013 and 0.062 microM, respectively. The stereoisomer 1 was less potent than 2, and related compounds with different hydroxy/methoxy substitution patterns were also less potent or inactive. Thus, compound 2 merits attention as a cytotoxic lead for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Sakurai
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599, USA
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35
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Alves Garcia RM, de Oliveira LO, Alves Moreira M, Silva Barros W. Variation in emetine and cephaeline contents in roots of wild Ipecac (Psychotria ipecacuanha). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2004.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Sturm S, Taglioli V, Bilia AR, Vincieri F, Stuppner H. Analysis of alkaloids inIpecacuanhae radix and preparations by capillary zone electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200301199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Muhammad I, Dunbar DC, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Bedir E, Takamatsu S, Ferreira D, Walker LA. Antiparasitic alkaloids from Psychotria klugii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2003; 66:962-967. [PMID: 12880315 DOI: 10.1021/np030086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Psychotria klugii yielded two new benzoquinolizidine alkaloids, klugine (1) and 7'-O-demethylisocephaeline (2), together with the previously known cephaeline (3), isocephaeline (4), and 7-O-methylipecoside (5). The structures and stereochemistry of 1 and 2 were determined by 1D and 2D NMR data and circular dichroism experiments. Cephaeline (3) demonstrated potent in vitro antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donavani (IC(50) 0.03 microg/mL) and was >20- and >5-fold more potent than pentamidine and amphotericin B, respectively, while klugine (1) (IC(50) 0.40 microg/mL) and isocephaeline (4) (IC(50) 0.45 microg/mL) were <13- and <15-fold less potent than 3. In addition, emetine (6) (IC(50) 0.03 microg/mL) was found to be as equally potent as 3, but was >12-fold more toxic than 3 against VERO cells (IC(50) 0.42 vs 5.3 microg/mL). Alkaloids 1 and 3 exhibited potent antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum clones W2 and D6 (IC(50) 27.7-46.3 ng/mL). Compound 3 was cytotoxic to SK-MEL, KB, BT-549, and SK-OV-3 human cancer cells, while 1 was inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Muhammad
- National Center for Natural Products Research and Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA.
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Itoh A, Baba Y, Tanahashi T, Nagakura N. Tetrahydroisoquinoline-monoterpene glycosides from Cephaelis acuminata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2002; 59:91-97. [PMID: 11754950 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
From the dried roots of Cephaelis acuminata, five tetrahydroisoquinoline-monoterpene glycosides, 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyldemethylalangiside, demethylisoalangiside, 6"-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylipecoside, 6"-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosylipecoside and (4R)-4-hydroxyipecoside, were isolated. The structures of these glycosides were determined by spectroscopic and chemical means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Itoh
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-ku, 658-8558, Kobe, Japan
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Asano T, Sadakane C, Ishihara K, Yanagisawa T, Kimura M, Kamei H. High-performance liquid chromatographic assay with fluorescence detection for the determination of cephaeline and emetine in human plasma and urine. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2001; 757:197-206. [PMID: 11417863 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic assay method for the quantitation of ipecac alkaloids (cephaeline and emetine) in human plasma and urine is described. Human plasma or urine was extracted with diethylether under alkaline conditions following the addition of an internal standard. Concentrations of alkaloids and internal standard were determined by octadecylsilica chromatographic separation (Symmetry C18 columns, plasma analysis; 15 cmx4.6 mm I.D., 5 microm particle size, urine analysis; 7.5 cmx4.6 mm I.D., 5 microm particle size). The mobile phase consisted of buffer (20 mmol/l 1-heptanesulfonic acid sodium salt, adjusted to pH 4.0 with acetic acid)-methanol (51:49, v/v). Eluate fluorescence was monitored at 285/316 nm. The lowest quantitation limits of cephaeline and emetine were 1 and 2.5 ng/ml, respectively, in plasma, and 5 ng/ml in urine. Intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were below 15%. The assay is sensitive, specific and applicable to pharmacokinetic studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Asano
- R&D Division, Tsumura & Co., Ltd, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Asano T, Kushida H, Sadakane C, Ishihara K, Wakui Y, Yanagisawa T, Kimura M, Kamei H, Yoshida T. Metabolism of ipecac alkaloids cephaeline and emetine by human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450s, and their inhibitory effects on P450 enzyme activities. Biol Pharm Bull 2001; 24:678-82. [PMID: 11411558 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.24.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we identified the metabolites and the CYP forms that are specifically involved in emetine O-demethylation in human liver microsomes, and cleared the inhibitory potential of cephaeline and emetine on the activity of the major drug-metabolizing CYP enzymes. Incubation of emetine with human liver microsomes yielded three metabolites identified by using HPLC by comparison of the retention time with the authentic sample of cephaeline, 9-O-demethylemetine and 10-O-demethylemetine. CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 were able to metabolize emetine to cephaeline and 9-O-demethylemetine, and CYP3A4 also participated in metabolizing emetine to 10-O-demethylemetine. Cephaeline and emetine inhibited probe substrates metabolism. IC50 for cephaeline against CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 were 121 and 1000 microM, respectively. For the emetine, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 were 80 and 480 microM, respectively. Inhibition constants (Ki) for both compounds on the CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 activities were determined by graphic analysis of Dixon plots at various concentrations. The obtained Ki values of cephaeline for CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 were 54 and 355 microM, respectively, and the values of emetine were 43 and 232 microM, respectively. We concluded that these in vitro inhibitions of cephaeline and emetine would hardly increase plasma concentrations of co-administered drugs in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Asano
- New Drug Discovery Laboratories R&D Division, Tsumura & Co.. Ltd., Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Itoh A, Ikuta Y, Tanahashi T, Nagakura N. Two Alangium alkaloids from Alangium lamarckii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2000; 63:723-725. [PMID: 10843602 DOI: 10.1021/np0000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two new Alangium alkaloids, 1',2'-dehydrotubulosine (1) and alangine (2), were isolated from the dried fruits of Alangium lamarckii along with tubulosine (3), isotubulosine (4), deoxytubulosine, cephaeline, isocephaeline, psychotrine, neocephaeline, 10-O-demethylcephaeline, 2'-N-(1"-deoxy-1" -beta-D-fructopyranosyl)cephaeline, protoemetine, protoemetinol, salsoline, and alangiside. The structures of the new alkaloids (1 and 2) were determined by spectroscopic and chemical means.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Itoh
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
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