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Kumar SSA, M NB, Batoo KM, Wonnie Ma IA, Ramesh K, Ramesh S, Shah MA. Fabrication and characterization of graphene oxide-based polymer nanocomposite coatings, improved stability and hydrophobicity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8946. [PMID: 37268705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, acrylic-epoxy-based nanocomposite coatings loaded with different concentrations (0.5-3 wt.%) of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles were successfully prepared via the solution intercalation approach. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the inclusion of GO nanoparticles into the polymer matrix increased the thermal stability of the coatings. The degree of transparency evaluated by the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy showed that the lowest loading rate of GO (0.5 wt.%) had completely blocked the incoming irradiation, thus resulting in zero percent transmittance. Furthermore, the water contact angle (WCA) measurements revealed that the incorporation of GO nanoparticles and PDMS into the polymer matrix had remarkably enhanced the surface hydrophobicity, exhibiting the highest WCA of 87.55º. In addition, the cross-hatch test (CHT) showed that all the hybrid coatings exhibited excellent surface adhesion behaviour, receiving 4B and 5B ratings respectively. Moreover, the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) micrographs confirmed that the presence of the functional groups on the GO surface facilitated the chemical functionalization process, which led to excellent dispersibility. The GO composition up to 2 wt.% showed excellent dispersion and uniform distribution of the GO nanoparticles within the polymer matrix. Therefore, the unique features of graphene and its derivatives have emerged as a new class of nanofillers/inhibitors for corrosion protection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Sharma Ashok Kumar
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nujud Badawi M
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khalid Mujasam Batoo
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - I A Wonnie Ma
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K Ramesh
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Physics/Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University (SIMATS), Chennai, India.
| | - S Ramesh
- Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Physics/Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Mohd Asif Shah
- College of Business and Economics, Kebri Dehar University, 250, Kebri Dehar, Somali, Ethiopia.
- School of Business, Woxsen University, Kamkole, Sadasivpet, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502345, India.
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144001, Punjab, India.
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Il’ina MA, Mashlyakovskii LN, Drinberg AS, Khomko EV, Garabadzhiu AV. Silicon-Containing Epoxy Composites and Their Use in Marine Coatings Technology. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427219040098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gómez-Laserna O, Lanzafame P, Papanikolaou G, Olazabal MÁ, Lo Schiavo S, Cardiano P. Analytical assessment to develop innovative nanostructured BPA-free epoxy-silica resins as multifunctional stone conservation materials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:817-826. [PMID: 30031339 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA)-free epoxy resins, synthesized from low molecular weight cycloaliphatic compounds, may represents promising materials for stone conservation due to their very appealing and tunable physico-chemical properties, such as viscosity, curing rate and penetration ability, being also easy to apply and handle. Furthermore, alkoxysilanes have been widely employed as inorganic strengtheners since they are easily hydrolysed inside lithic substrates affording SiO linkages with the stone matrix. Taking into account the advantages of these two classes of materials, this work has been focused on the development of innovative conservation materials, based on hybrid epoxy-silica BPA-free resins obtained by reaction of 1,4-cycloexanedimethanol diglycidylether (CHDM-DGE) with various siloxane precursors, i.e. glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane (GPTMS), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and isobutyltrimethoxysilane (iBuTMS), using the 1,8-diaminooctane (DAO) as epoxy hardener. Thanks to Raman spectroscopy the synthesis processes have been successfully monitored, allowing the identification of oxirane rings opening as well as the formation of the cross-linked organic-inorganic networks. In accordance with the spectroscopic data, the thermal studies carried out by TGA and DSC techniques have pointed that GPTMS is a suitable siloxane precursor to synthesize the most stable samples against temperature degradation. GPTMS-containing resins have also shown good performances in the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and in contact angle investigations, with values indicating considerable hydrophobic properties. SEM analyses have highlighted a great homogeneity over the entire observed areas, without formations of clusters and/or aggregates bigger than 45 μm, for the cited materials, confirming the efficiency of GPTMS as coupling agent to enhance the organic/inorganic interphase bonding. The variations provided by the incorporation of nanostructured titania, specifically synthesized, inside the epoxy-silica hybrids have been also evaluated. According to all the collected results, the hybrid materials here reported have proven to be promising multifunctional products for potential application in the field of stone conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Gómez-Laserna
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (EHU/UPV), Barrio Sarriena s/n, E-48080, Leioa, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Paola Lanzafame
- Department of Mathematical and Informatics Sciences, Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Messina, and INSTM CASPE (Laboratory of Catalysis for Sustainable Production and Energy), Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Georgia Papanikolaou
- Department of Mathematical and Informatics Sciences, Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Messina, and INSTM CASPE (Laboratory of Catalysis for Sustainable Production and Energy), Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - María Ángeles Olazabal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (EHU/UPV), Barrio Sarriena s/n, E-48080, Leioa, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Sandra Lo Schiavo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Cardiano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
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Duraibabu D, Ganeshbabu T, Saravanan P, Kumar SA. Development and characterization of novel organic–inorganic hybrid sol–gel films. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008314528225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Organic–inorganic hybrid films were fabricated by reacting 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane with 4,4′-diaminodiphenylether by hydrolysis and condensation reaction with acid catalysis. The chemical bonding between the organic and inorganic phases provides reinforcement to the films, and tetraethoxysilane was added in such a way that silica contents varied from 1 wt% to 3 wt% in the films. Structural characterization of the hybrid films was performed using Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. The thermal properties studied using thermogravimetric analysis, indicate an improved thermal stability for the films according to the percentage concentration of silica present in them. The water absorption was also found to be reduced for the films with increased silica content. The surface morphology was investigated by means of x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The films transparency and homogeneity seem to have been affected severely when the silica content kept on increasing and ultimately led to opaqueness in film.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Duraibabu
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T. Ganeshbabu
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Saravanan
- Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Ananda Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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