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Kotnik T, Žerjav G, Pintar A, Žagar E, Kovačič S. Highly Porous Poly(arylene cyano-vinylene) Beads Derived through the Knoevenagel Condensation of the Oil-in-Oil-in-Oil Double Emulsion Templates. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1248-1253. [PMID: 35549042 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated porous polymers through the emulsion-templating polymerization process are typically prepared as monoliths, and the emulsions are cured via metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of well-defined, millimeter-sized conjugated porous polymer beads by combining an oil-in-oil-in-oil (O/O/O) double emulsion as a de novo template and an amino-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation reaction as a polymerization chemistry to cure such emulsions. The 1,4-phenylenediacetonitrile is reacted with aromatic multialdehydes in the presence of piperidine, and a series of metal-free poly(arylene cyano-vinylene) beads are prepared. All beads exhibit 3D-interconnected microcellular morphology and substantial semiconducting properties, such as strong light harvesting ability in the visible light region with electrochemical band gaps in the range of 2.05-2.33 eV. Finally, the promising photocatalytic activity of these conjugated beads is demonstrated for a model sulfoxidation reaction under visible light irradiation, and near quantitative conversions with excellent chemoselectivities (>99%) are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomaž Kotnik
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Žerjav
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Albin Pintar
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ema Žagar
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sebastijan Kovačič
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Grimsdale AC, Leok Chan K, Martin RE, Jokisz PG, Holmes AB. Synthesis of Light-Emitting Conjugated Polymers for Applications in Electroluminescent Devices. Chem Rev 2009; 109:897-1091. [PMID: 19228015 DOI: 10.1021/cr000013v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1724] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Grimsdale
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Khai Leok Chan
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer E. Martin
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pawel G. Jokisz
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew B. Holmes
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Victoria 3010, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Republic of Singapore 639798; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602; and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Discovery Chemistry, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
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Takagi K, Nishikawa Y, Kunisada H, Yuki Y. Synthesis of PPV-Based Conjugated Oligomer Containing Tropone in Main Chain. CHEM LETT 2001. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2001.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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5
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Tabata M, Boucard V, Adès D, Siove A, Sone T, Seino T, Mawatari Y. ESR and NMR Studies of a Novel Conjugated Donor−Acceptor Polymer Containing Magnetic Spins: Poly[bicarbazolylene-alt-phenylene-bis(cyanovinylene)]. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma010398z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Tabata
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan, and Laboratory of Macromolecular Research (CNRS), Galilee Institute, University of Paris-Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Valérie Boucard
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan, and Laboratory of Macromolecular Research (CNRS), Galilee Institute, University of Paris-Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Dominique Adès
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan, and Laboratory of Macromolecular Research (CNRS), Galilee Institute, University of Paris-Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Alain Siove
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan, and Laboratory of Macromolecular Research (CNRS), Galilee Institute, University of Paris-Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Takeyuki Sone
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan, and Laboratory of Macromolecular Research (CNRS), Galilee Institute, University of Paris-Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Teruyuki Seino
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan, and Laboratory of Macromolecular Research (CNRS), Galilee Institute, University of Paris-Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - Yasuteru Mawatari
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8628 Japan, and Laboratory of Macromolecular Research (CNRS), Galilee Institute, University of Paris-Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
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Boucard V. Kinetic Study of the Knoevenagel Condensation Applied to the Synthesis of Poly[bicarbazolylene-alt-phenylenebis(cyanovinylene)]s. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma002233g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Boucard
- Laboratoire de Recherches sur les Macromolécules, Institut Galilée, Université Paris 13, 99 avenue J. B. Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
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Pu YJ, Soma M, Tsuchida E, Nishide H. Synthesis, magnetic, and optoelectronic properties of poly(triphenylamine-alt-phenylenevinylene)s. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0518(20001115)38:22<4119::aid-pola120>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Devasagayaraj A, Tour JM. Synthesis of a Conjugated Donor/Acceptor/Passivator (DAP) Polymer. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9903815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Devasagayaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, and Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, MS 222, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - James M. Tour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, and Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, MS 222, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
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Boucard V, Adès D, Siove A, Romero D, Schaer M, Zuppiroli L. A Soluble Green-Light-Emitting Alternating Copolymer with Acceptor-Substituted Bicarbazyl Units. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma981909t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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