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Kasprzak CR, Anderson LJ, Moore RB. Tailored sequencing of highly brominated Poly(ether ether ketone) as a means to preserve crystallizability and enhance Tg. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yang Y, Wang T, Wang S, Cong X, Zhang S, Zhang M, Luan J, Wang G. Strong Interface Construction of Carbon Fiber-reinforced PEEK Composites: An Efficient Method for Modifying Carbon Fiber with Crystalline PEEK. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000001. [PMID: 32297420 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the poor solvent resistance and poor temperature resistance caused by traditional sizing agents, crystalline poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is introduced to the interfacial phases of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced PEEK composites by a soluble precursor named PEEK-1,3-dioxolane. By changing the soluble precursor molecular weight and concentration in the sizing solution, the content of PEEK coated on the CF fiber surface can be controlled and the different interfacial properties of the PEEK composites can be obtained. The results shows that, with this method, crystalline PEEK can be completely coated on the CF surface, and the interfacial shear strength of the PEEK composites increases from 43.42 to 83.13 MPa. Due to none of any soluble compounds in the PEEK composites, the interfacial layer is well preserved under organic solvents and hygrothermal conditions, and the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of the PEEK composites maintained above 85.4% and 90.44%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope clarifies that the mechanism of interface enhancement comes from a better wetting of crystalline PEEK on the fiber surface. Additionally, the sizing system of this investagation has the potential commercial value because of no toxic reagent (such as 2,4,5-trichloro-1-hydroxy-benzene or concentrated sulfuric acid) is required during sizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Yang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shengdao Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xin Cong
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shuling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiashuang Luan
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education. National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.,Zhuhai College, Jilin University, Zhuhai, 519041, P. R. China
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Miyagaki A, Kamaya Y, Matsumoto T, Honda K, Shibahara M, Hongo C, Nishino T. Surface Modification of Poly(ether ether ketone) through Friedel-Crafts Reaction for High Adhesion Strength. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:9761-9768. [PMID: 31199658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) possesses attractive mechanical and thermal properties but demonstrates poor adhesion. To overcome this disadvantage, in this study, the surface modification of PEEK or PEEK-based carbon-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTP) was performed through the Friedel-Crafts reaction and successive epoxidation. Under optimized reaction conditions, surface modification was achieved without surface deterioration, and epoxy groups were introduced. The progress of the Friedel-Crafts reaction and epoxidation was demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements after fluorine labeling through thiol-en reaction and amine addition, respectively. The adhesive strength between CFRTP and epoxy adhesives was increased to 23.5 MPa, and cohesive fracture of epoxy adhesives, rather than interfacial peeling, occurred. In addition, compared with conventional plasma treatment, the durability of the modified surface and thickness of the modified surface layer increased. Therefore, we succeeded in modifying the surface properties through the epoxidation of the PEEK surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Miyagaki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Kamaya
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 , Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 , Japan
| | - Koji Honda
- Technical Support Center for Leather Industries , Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Technology , 3 Nozato , Himeji 670-0811 , Japan
| | - Masafumi Shibahara
- Materials and Analysis Department , Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Technology , 3-1-12 Yukihiracho , Kobe 654-0037 , Japan
| | - Chizuru Hongo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 , Japan
| | - Takashi Nishino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Rokko, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 , Japan
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Abstract
Many applications of polymers require the functionalisation of their surface for use in sensors, composite materials, membranes, microfluidic and biomedical devices and many others. Such surface modifications endow the surface with new properties independent of those of the bulk polymer. This tutorial review describes the different methods, based on very diverse principles, that are available to perform this surface functionalisation, including plasma and UV irradiation, atomic layer deposition, electrochemistry, oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, the use of radicals and grafting "on" or "from" polymers. The principles of the different methods are briefly described and many examples are given to highlight the possibilities of the methods and the possible applications. A section is devoted to the surface modification of polymeric nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dardan Hetemi
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75013 Paris Cedex 13, France.
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Rahmitasari F, Ishida Y, Kurahashi K, Matsuda T, Watanabe M, Ichikawa T. PEEK with Reinforced Materials and Modifications for Dental Implant Applications. Dent J (Basel) 2017; 5:E35. [PMID: 29563441 PMCID: PMC5806965 DOI: 10.3390/dj5040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semi-crystalline linear polycyclic thermoplastic that has been proposed as a substitute for metals in biomaterials. PEEK can also be applied to dental implant materials as a superstructure, implant abutment, or implant body. This article summarizes the current research on PEEK applications in dental implants, especially for the improvement of PEEK surface and body modifications. Although various benchmark reports on the reinforcement and surface modifications of PEEK are available, few clinical trials using PEEK for dental implant bodies have been published. Controlled clinical trials, especially for the use of PEEK in implant abutment and implant bodies, are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitria Rahmitasari
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
- Department of Dental Material, Faculty of Dentistry, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia.
| | - Yuichi Ishida
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Kurahashi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Takashi Matsuda
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Tetsuo Ichikawa
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
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Hughes EAB, Grover LM. Characterisation of a novel poly (ether ether ketone)/calcium sulphate composite for bone augmentation. Biomater Res 2017; 21:7. [PMID: 28529763 PMCID: PMC5437598 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-017-0093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcium sulphate (CS) has been used in bone grafting since the 1800s. It has not replaced autograft as the gold standard, however, since its dissolution occurs rapidly in bodily fluids, meaning that the material cannot support long-term bone growth. Here, the polymer poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) was used to slow dissolution in in vitro physiological environments and augment the mechanical properties of the material. Methods PEEK/CS specimens were fabricated by combining powders of PEEK and CS with water, resulting in a hardening paste. To enhance physical interactions between phases, cylindrical specimens were heat-treated to melt and fuse the PEEK. Following analysis of physical and chemical interactions by SEM and FT-IR respectively, dynamic ageing in PBS and compression testing was undertaken to measure how the PEEK influenced the mechanical properties of the final parts. Changes in structure and chemistry were determined using helium pycnometry, SEM and analysis of powder XRD patterns. Results Powders of PEEK and CS hemihydrate (CSH) (CaSO4.0.5H2O) were combined with PEEK at 0 wt%, 2.5 wt%, 20 wt%, 40 wt% and 80 wt% and at a P:L ratio of 0.85 g/mL. The subsequently hardened structures were heat-treated, which initiated the melting of PEEK and dehydration of CSD (CaSO4.2H2O) to the CS anhydrite (CSA) (CaSO4) phase, which changed colour and apparent volume. FT-IR and SEM analysis revealed heat treatment of PEEK/CS specimens facilitated both physical and chemical interactions between phases. Over a period of 21 days of ageing in PBS, the hydration of CS was determined by XRD and improved specimen longevity at all levels of PEEK wt% loading was measured compared with the control. Importantly, increasing PEEK wt% loading resulted in a marked increase in the mechanical properties of PEEK/CS specimens in terms of both compressive strength and modulus. Conclusions Reinforcement of CS with PEEK significantly enhanced in vitro dissolution resistance, in addition to enhancing mechanical properties. This composite therefore has significant future potential as a bone graft replacement. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40824-017-0093-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A B Hughes
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT UK
| | - Liam M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT UK
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Shukla D, Negi YS, Uppadhyaya JS, Kumar V. Synthesis and Modification of Poly(ether ether ketone) and their Properties: A Review. POLYM REV 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2012.668151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pramanik S, Kar KK. Functionalized poly(ether ether ketone): Improved mechanical property and acellular bioactivity. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Díez-Pascual AM, Martínez G, González-Domínguez JM, Ansón A, Martínez MT, Gómez MA. Grafting of a hydroxylated poly(ether ether ketone) to the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01238f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Díez-Pascual AM, Martínez G, Gómez MA. Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(ether ether ketone) Derivatives Obtained by Carbonyl Reduction. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901208e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Díez-Pascual
- Departamento de Física e Ingeniería de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerardo Martínez
- Departamento de Física e Ingeniería de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marián A. Gómez
- Departamento de Física e Ingeniería de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Conceição T, Bertolino J, Barra G, Pires A. Poly (ether ether ketone) derivatives: Synthetic route and characterization of nitrated and sulfonated polymers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Poly(aryl ether ketone)s. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-081551580-7.50007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Lee JA, McCarthy TJ. Polymer Surface Modification: Topography Effects Leading to Extreme Wettability Behavior. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma070061i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ah Lee
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Thomas J. McCarthy
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Noiset O, Schneider YJ, Marchand-Brynaert J. Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2001; 11:767-86. [PMID: 11011772 DOI: 10.1163/156856200744002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEK-OH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Noiset
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique de Synthèse, Université catholique de Louvain, Départment de Chimie, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Noiset O, Schneider YJ, Marchand-Brynaert J. Fibronectin adsorption or/and covalent grafting on chemically modified PEEK film surfaces. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 1999; 10:657-77. [PMID: 10385226 DOI: 10.1163/156856299x00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films were chemically modified, by surface wet chemistry, into PEEK-OH, PEEK-NH2, and PEEK-NCO. Fibronectin (FN) adsorption, in the presence or absence of two non-ionic surfactants, was compared onto PEEK, PEEK-OH, and PEEK-NH2 on which the protein can only be adsorbed, and onto PEEK-NCO on which FN could be covalently grafted. The amounts of FN present on the various supports were assayed by ELISA and LSC (with 125I-labeled FN). The remarkable effect of Pluronic F68 in preventing non-specific protein adhesion on the less hydrophilic surfaces was pointed out. Accordingly, a procedure could be proposed that allows minimal FN adhesion vs FN fixation on PEEK-NCO. The resulting PEEK-FN film, which immobilized 120-150 ng FN cm(-2), constitutes a new substratum for cell cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Noiset
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Département de Chimie, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Henneuse-Boxus C, Poleunis C, De Ro A, Adriaensen Y, Bertrand P, Marchand-Brynaert J. Surface functionalization of PEEK films studied by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(199903)27:3<142::aid-sia493>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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