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Yang D, Zhu S, Guo Y, Tang H, Yang D, Zhang C, Ming P, Li B. Control of Cluster Structures in Catalyst Inks by a Dispersion Medium. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32960-32969. [PMID: 34901647 PMCID: PMC8655915 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The cluster structure in the catalyst ink of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell determines its performance. The interaction among solvent, ionomer, and catalyst in ink determines the cluster structure and affects the microstructure and surface morphology of the catalyst layer, which is of great significance to improve the conductivity of the catalyst layer to protons, electrons, and water. First, the dissolved state of the main chain and the side chain of the ionomer in solvent was characterized. The results of relative viscosity, ζ-potential, effective proton fraction, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed that the alcohol aqueous solution promoted the stretching electrolysis of the main chain and the side chain of the ionomer more than the pure aqueous solvent, making the ionomer clusters smaller. The rheological test of the ink shows that the pure water solvent ink has the largest cluster and the strongest network structure. Under the test conditions, the clusters in the ink can be reconstructed quickly after breakage through viscous shearing. The addition of alcohols will make the clusters in the ink smaller and the network structure brittle. After the clusters and the network structure are damaged, they will slowly recombine and the viscosity in the ink will gradually recover. Ethanol will minimize the clusters in the ink, and the network structure in the ink is the weakest. The effect of the network strength on the cluster structure is weakened by reducing the solid content in the ink. The amplitude scanning test shows that the network structure in the slurry is almost eliminated after reducing the solid content, the storage modulus of ink with water, 50 wt % isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 50 wt % n-propanol (NPA), and 50 wt % ethanol (ET) decreases in turn, as well as the liquid viscosity behavior increases and the cluster particle size in the ink decreases. In conclusion, more dispersed ionomers and alcohol molecules with smaller molecular structures are more conducive to the dispersion of clusters in the ink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daozeng Yang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian
Jiaotong University, 794 Yellow River Road, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Shaomin Zhu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian
Jiaotong University, 794 Yellow River Road, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Yuqing Guo
- School
of Automotive Studies, Tongji University
(Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
- Clean
Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji
University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Great
Wall Motor Co., Ltd., No. 2199 Chaoyang South Street, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Daijun Yang
- School
of Automotive Studies, Tongji University
(Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
- Clean
Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji
University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Cunman Zhang
- School
of Automotive Studies, Tongji University
(Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
- Clean
Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji
University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Pingwen Ming
- School
of Automotive Studies, Tongji University
(Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
- Clean
Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji
University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Bing Li
- School
of Automotive Studies, Tongji University
(Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
- Clean
Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji
University (Jiading Campus), 4800 Cao’an Road, Shanghai 201804, China
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A study of the grinding of magnetite/limestone mixture in a stirred mill by the attainable region method. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Burdette-Trofimov MK, Armstrong BL, Murphy RP, Heroux L, Doucet M, Rogers A, Veith GM. Probing clustering dynamics between silicon and PAA or LiPAA slurries under processing conditions. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:2447-2460. [PMID: 37719714 PMCID: PMC10502875 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
This work explores the complex interplay between slurry aggregation, agglomeration, and conformation (i.e. shape) of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and lithiated poly(acrylic acid) (LiPAA) based silicon slurries as a function of shear rate, and the resulting slurry homogeneity. These values were measured by small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and rheology coupled ultra-small angle neutron scattering (rheo-USANS) at conditions relevant to battery electrode casting. Different binder solution preparation methods, either a ball mill (BM) process or a planetary centrifugal mixing (PCM) process, dramatically modify the resulting polymer dynamics and organization around a silicon material. This is due to the different energy profiles of mixing where the more violent and higher energy PCM causes extensive breakdown and reformation of the binder, which is now likely in a branched conformation, while the lower energy BM results in simply lower molecular weight linear polymers. The break down and reorganization of the polymer structure affects silicon slurry homogeneity, which affects subsequent electrode architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth L Armstrong
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
| | - Ryan P Murphy
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology
| | - Luke Heroux
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
| | - Mathieu Doucet
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
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Zeng C, Hu H, Feng X, Wang K, Zhang Q. Activating CaCO 3 to enhance lead removal from lead-zinc solution to serve as green technology for the purification of mine tailings. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126227. [PMID: 32087456 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Efficient lead removal from metal-containing wastewater, such as acid mine drainage (AMD), is an important step in environmental purification and secondary resources recovery. In this paper, a novel approach by mechanochemically activating CaCO3 through simply wet ball milling in metal-containing solution was developed, where selective Pb2+ precipitation in the form of PbCO3 was achieved based on its reaction with the CO32- from the activated CaCO3. By such milling operation, the removal efficiency of Pb2+ from aqueous solution could reach over 99%, while more than 99% Zn2+ (as well as Mn, Ni and Cd) was remaining in the solutions, demonstrating the feasibility and high effectiveness of precipitating Pb2+ and serving the purpose of recovering other metals without Pb impurity. The solubility differences between Pb carbonate and other carbonates of Zn, Mn, Ni or Cd were understood to be the main pathway and using CaCO3 would offer an easy operation and environmental friendly process to purify the metals-containing wastewater by precipitating Pb, compared with the difficulties when using alkaline neutralization to treat them. In addition, basic zinc carbonate (a zinc-containing ore waste) as an alternative precipitant to CaCO3 in the separation process was also confirmed to increase the zinc recovery in the solution while maintaining high Pb2+ removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaocheng Zeng
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xinhao Feng
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Kui Wang
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiwu Zhang
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, Wuhan, China.
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Bu X, Chen Y, Ma G, Sun Y, Ni C, Xie G. Wet and dry grinding of coal in a laboratory-scale ball mill: Particle-size distributions. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
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Bu X, Chen Y, Ma G, Sun Y, Ni C, Xie G. Differences in dry and wet grinding with a high solid concentration of coking coal using a laboratory conical ball mill: Breakage rate, morphological characterization, and induction time. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wagih A, Fathy A, Kabeel A. Optimum milling parameters for production of highly uniform metal-matrix nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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He Y, Bayly AE, Hassanpour A, Muller F, Wu K, Yang D. A GPU-based coupled SPH-DEM method for particle-fluid flow with free surfaces. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Li H, Rostamizadeh M, Mameri K, Boffito DC, Saadatkhah N, Rigamonti MG, Patience GS. Ultrasound assisted wet stirred media mill of high concentration LiFePO
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and catalysts. CAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPolytechnique Montréal C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC, H3C 3A7 Canada
| | | | - Kahina Mameri
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPolytechnique Montréal C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC, H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Daria C. Boffito
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPolytechnique Montréal C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC, H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Nooshin Saadatkhah
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPolytechnique Montréal C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC, H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Marco Giulio Rigamonti
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPolytechnique Montréal C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC, H3C 3A7 Canada
| | - Gregory S. Patience
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPolytechnique Montréal C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal QC, H3C 3A7 Canada
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He Y, Bayly AE, Hassanpour A. Coupling CFD-DEM with dynamic meshing: A new approach for fluid-structure interaction in particle-fluid flows. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Danha G, Bhondayi C, Hlabangana N, Hildebrandt D. Determining the PGM bearing mineral phase in the UG2 ore. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sridhar CS, Sankar PS, Prasad RK. Grinding kinetics, modeling, and subsieve morphology of ball mill grinding for cement industry ingredients. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2015.1027838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Danha G, Hildebrandt D, Glasser D, Bhondayi C. Application of basic process modeling in investigating the breakage behavior of UG2 ore in wet milling. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Qian H, Kong Q, Zhang B. The effects of grinding media shapes on the grinding kinetics of cement clinker in ball mill. POWDER TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2012.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fuerstenau D, Phatak P, Kapur P, Abouzeid AZ. Simulation of the grinding of coarse/fine (heterogeneous) systems in a ball mill. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.minpro.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chakraborty J, Ramkrishna D. Population Balance Modeling of Environment Dependent Breakage: Role of Granular Viscosity, Density and Compaction. Model Formulation and Similarity Analysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie200038z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Chakraborty
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Doraiswami Ramkrishna
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
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Capece M, Bilgili E, Dave R. Identification of the breakage rate and distribution parameters in a non-linear population balance model for batch milling. POWDER TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Singh R, Gernaey KV, Gani R. ICAS-PAT: A software for design, analysis and validation of PAT systems. Comput Chem Eng 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2009.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Matijašić G, Žižek K, Glasnović A. Suspension rheology during wet comminution in planetary ball mill. Chem Eng Res Des 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2007.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bilgili E, Yepes J, Scarlett B. Formulation of a non-linear framework for population balance modeling of batch grinding: Beyond first-order kinetics. Chem Eng Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2004.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bilgili E, Scarlett B. Population balance modeling of non-linear effects in milling processes. POWDER TECHNOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2005.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bilgili E, Scarlett B. Numerical Simulation of Open-Circuit Continuous Mills Using a Non-Linear Population Balance Framework: Incorporation of Non-First-Order Effects. Chem Eng Technol 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200407110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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He M, Wang Y, Forssberg E. Slurry rheology in wet ultrafine grinding of industrial minerals: a review. POWDER TECHNOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2004.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tangsathitkulchai C. Effect of Medium Viscosity on Breakage Parameters of Quartz in a Laboratory Ball-Mill. Ind Eng Chem Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ie020516m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Tangsathitkulchai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000,Thailand
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Tangsathitkulchai C. The effect of slurry rheology on fine grinding in a laboratory ball mill. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-7516(02)00061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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