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Jougleux C, Joly H, Brissard H, Lenne B, François S, Hamelin F, Derache N, Morin J, Reuter F, Colamarino R, Ruet A. French consensus procedure for neuropsychological assessment in multiple sclerosis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024:S0035-3787(24)00558-7. [PMID: 39003098 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is one of the invisible symptoms of Multiple sclerosis (MS), which could be associated with depression, unemployment, reduced social interaction, inability to drive, and compromised quality of life. Moreover, the presence of cognitive impairment can be considered as a long-term prognostic factor and in the follow-up of disability. So, cognitive assessment is a crucial element in clinical follow-up of patients with MS (pwMS). International recommendations mention the use of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment in MS (BICAMS). The BICAMS, that has been recently validated in French is a brief non-exhaustive assessment, developed as a short screening battery, hence needing other supplemented tests. The present paper aims to propose a consensus, approved by expert French consensus from the Cognition group of the SF-SEP (http://sfsep.org [Société Francophone de la Sclérose en Plaques]), for cognitive assessment of pwMS suggesting the tools that should be used in order to apprehend the other cognitive impairments that could appear in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jougleux
- Service de neurologie et pathologies neuro-inflammatoires, Clinique neurologique, CRC SEP, CHU de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - H Joly
- Service de neurologie, CHU Pasteur 2, CRC SEP, Nice, France; UR2CA-URRIS, université Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CNRS, IMoPA, université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - H Brissard
- CNRS, IMoPA, université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; Service de neurologie, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - B Lenne
- Groupement des hôpitaux de l'institut catholique de Lille (GHICL), Neurology Department, Lille, France
| | - S François
- Service de neurologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - F Hamelin
- Structure régionale NeuroSEP Synapse, Le Vésinet, France
| | - N Derache
- Department of Neurology, centre hospitalier universitaire de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - J Morin
- Service de neurologie pathologie inflammatoire du système nerveux central, CRC SEP, CHU Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Reuter
- Service de neurologie, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, pôle de neurosciences cliniques, Marseille, France; CEMEREM, Aix Marseille université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR 7339, Marseille, France
| | - R Colamarino
- Service de neurologie, CH d'Antibes, Antibes, France
| | - A Ruet
- Service de neurologie pathologie inflammatoire du système nerveux central, CRC SEP, CHU Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Inserm U1215, Neurocentre Magendie, université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Language disorders in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2016; 10:103-111. [PMID: 27919475 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cognitive impairments are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), language impairments are not well defined. OBJECTIVE The goal of this review was to examine the presence and nature of language disorders associated with MS. METHOD A search of PubMed and PsycINFO databases was conducted using combinations of the following terms: language disorders, language pathology, language impairment, multiple sclerosis, communication, language and speech. Studies were chosen based on the original language of the text, year of publication, peer-review status and specificity of the results regarding language and communication disorders. RESULTS This review covers 30 articles from 13 countries. The studies involved patients with different types of MS. Various language impairments were reported in MS. However, since the methods used in the studies varied widely, it is difficult to draw any conclusions thus far. CONCLUSION Given the various cognitive deficits in MS, it is expected that higher language abilities would be affected. This aspect should be investigated in future studies.
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Ruet A, Deloire MSA, Charré-Morin J, Hamel D, Brochet B. A new computerised cognitive test for the detection of information processing speed impairment in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2013; 19:1665-72. [PMID: 23459569 DOI: 10.1177/1352458513480251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) primarily applies to information processing speed (IPS). OBJECTIVE To evaluate psychometric properties of a new digit/symbol substitution test in healthy subjects and patients with MS, and assess its ability to detect IPS impairment in patients with MS. METHODS A sample of MS patients, 60 relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and 41 primary progressive MS (PPMS), and 415 healthy controls (HCs) underwent an IPS battery, including assessment of reaction times of subtests of the Test of Attentional Performance battery and a newly developed in-house digit/symbol substitution task, the Computerised Speed Cognitive Test (CSCT). The CSCT was additionally evaluated in a second cohort of 31 RRMS and 12 progressive MS patients, for comparison with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). RESULTS The CSCT had good reliability in both HCs and patients with MS. It showed a weak practice effect at the 6-month time point. This test had good ecological validity in MS patients. There was a strong correlation between the CSCT with the SDMT and with other IPS tests in patients with MS. The CSCT had the best sensitivity for predicting IPS impairment and was one of the most accurate tests among the IPS battery. CONCLUSION The CSCT appeared as a good candidate for detecting IPS impairment in MS patients.
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Brochet B, Bonnet M, Deloire M, Hamel D, Salort-Campana E. Les troubles cognitifs au cours de la sclérose en plaques. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2007; 163:697-702. [PMID: 17607192 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(07)90482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Forty to sixty percent of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have cognitive dysfunction. The frequency of cognitive disturbances according to the clinical form is not completely understood and the natural history of these disorders has not been extensively studied. Cognitive deficits can be detected in early stages of the disease. Their frequency increases from clinically isolated syndromes, to relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive MS. Cognitive abnormalities are frequently observed also in primary progressive MS. The most frequently impaired functions are information processing speed, attention and memory. Dementia is uncommon but may disclose the disease. Diffuse cerebral injury, assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, contributes to cognitive dysfunction in MS, probably by interrupting connecting fibers between neuronal networks involved in these cognitive functions. Compensatory mechanisms may occur at early stages but they are limited by extension of brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Brochet
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
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