1
|
Ebihara K, Niwa R. Compounds Inhibiting Noppera-bo, a Glutathione S-transferase Involved in Insect Ecdysteroid Biosynthesis: Novel Insect Growth Regulators. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030461. [PMID: 36979396 PMCID: PMC10046418 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are conserved in a wide range of organisms, including insects. In 2014, an epsilon GST, known as Noppera-bo (Nobo), was shown to regulate the biosynthesis of ecdysteroid, the principal steroid hormone in insects. Studies on fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, and silkworms, Bombyx mori, demonstrated that loss-of-function mutants of nobo fail to synthesize ecdysteroid and die during development, consistent with the essential function of ecdysteroids in insect molting and metamorphosis. This genetic evidence suggests that chemical compounds that inhibit activity of Nobo could be insect growth regulators (IGRs) that kill insects by disrupting their molting and metamorphosis. In addition, because nobo is conserved only in Diptera and Lepidoptera, a Nobo inhibitor could be used to target IGRs in a narrow spectrum of insect taxa. Dipterans include mosquitoes, some of which are vectors of diseases such as malaria and dengue fever. Given that mosquito control is essential to reduce mosquito-borne diseases, new IGRs that specifically kill mosquito vectors are always in demand. We have addressed this issue by identifying and characterizing several chemical compounds that inhibit Nobo protein in both D. melanogaster and the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. In this review, we summarize our findings from the search for Nobo inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kana Ebihara
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Niwa
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mhashilkar AS, Vankayala SL, Liu C, Kearns F, Mehrotra P, Tzertzinis G, Palli SR, Woodcock HL, Unnasch TR. Identification of Ecdysone Hormone Receptor Agonists as a Therapeutic Approach for Treating Filarial Infections. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004772. [PMID: 27300294 PMCID: PMC4907521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A homologue of the ecdysone receptor has previously been identified in human filarial parasites. As the ecdysone receptor is not found in vertebrates, it and the regulatory pathways it controls represent attractive potential chemotherapeutic targets. Methodology/ Principal Findings Administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone to gerbils infected with B. malayi infective larvae disrupted their development to adult stage parasites. A stable mammalian cell line was created incorporating the B. malayi ecdysone receptor ligand-binding domain, its heterodimer partner and a secreted luciferase reporter in HEK293 cells. This was employed to screen a series of ecdysone agonist, identifying seven agonists active at sub-micromolar concentrations. A B. malayi ecdysone receptor ligand-binding domain was developed and used to study the ligand-receptor interactions of these agonists. An excellent correlation between the virtual screening results and the screening assay was observed. Based on both of these approaches, steroidal ecdysone agonists and the diacylhydrazine family of compounds were identified as a fruitful source of potential receptor agonists. In further confirmation of the modeling and screening results, Ponasterone A and Muristerone A, two compounds predicted to be strong ecdysone agonists stimulated expulsion of microfilaria and immature stages from adult parasites. Conclusions The studies validate the potential of the B. malayi ecdysone receptor as a drug target and provide a means to rapidly evaluate compounds for development of a new class of drugs against the human filarial parasites. The human filarial parasites are the causative agents of two neglected tropical diseases targeted for elimination by the international community. The current elimination programs rely upon the mass distribution of a limited number of drugs, leaving the programs open to failure in the event that resistance develops. Thus, there is a critical need for novel chemotherapeutic agents to supplement the current arsenal. The filarial parasites are ecdysozoans, whose developmental processes are controlled by a master regulator, the ecdysone receptor. Here we validate the potential of the filarial ecdysone receptor as a chemotherapeutic target and report the development of high throughput and virtual screening assays that may be used to compounds that target it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amruta S. Mhashilkar
- Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sai L. Vankayala
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Canhui Liu
- Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Fiona Kearns
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Priyanka Mehrotra
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - George Tzertzinis
- New England Biolabs, Ipswich, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Subba R. Palli
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - H. Lee Woodcock
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Unnasch
- Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yokoi T, Minami S, Nakagawa Y, Miyagawa H. Structure-activity relationship of imidazothiadiazole analogs for the binding to the ecdysone receptor of insect cells. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 120:40-50. [PMID: 25987219 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Diacylhydrazines are the first non-steroidal ecdysone agonists, and five compounds are used as insecticides in agriculture. After the discovery of diacylhydrazine-type compounds, numerous non-steroidal structures were reported as ecdysone agonists. Among various ecdysone agonists, imidazothiadiazoles are reported to be very potent in vitro; however, the experimental detail for the structure identification and bioassays are not stated in the paper (Holmwood and Schindler, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17, 4064-4070, 2009). In our present study, we synthesized 18 imidazothiadiazole-type compounds and confirmed the chemical structures by spectrometric analyses. The binding activity of the synthesized compounds to the ecdysone receptor was evaluated in terms of the concentration required for 50% inhibition of [(3)H]ponasterone A incorporation [IC50 (M)] into lepidopteran (Sf-9), coleopteran (BCRL-Lepd-SL1), and dipteran (NIAS-AeAl2) cells. 6-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[2,1-b] [1,3,4]-thiadiazol-5-yl)acrylamide analogs with CONHR (secondary amide) were very potent against Sf-9 cells, but further alkylation (tertiary amide: CONR2) decreased the activity dramatically. Additionally, a primary amide analog (CONH2) was inactive. The activity also decreased 150-fold by the saturation of olefin region of the acrylamide moiety. In addition, various substituents were introduced at the 2-position of the imidazothiadiazole ring to disclose the physicochemical properties of the substituents which are important for receptor binding. The activity increased by 7500-fold with the introduction of the CF2CF2CF3 group compared to the unsubstituted compound against Sf-9 cells. Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis for these substituents indicated that hydrophobic and electron-withdrawing groups were favorable for binding. Some of the compounds with strong receptor binding activity showed good larvicidal activity against Spodoptera litura. In contrast, the binding affinity of imidazothiadiazole analogs was low or not observed against dipteran and coleopteran cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiyo Yokoi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Saki Minami
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Miyagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aggarwal N, Kumar R, Srivastava C, Dureja P, Khurana JM. Synthesis, biological activities and SAR studies of novel 1-Ethyl-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid based diacyl and sulfonyl acyl hydrazines. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2014; 70:1071-82. [PMID: 24038900 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diacyl hydrazines have attracted significant interest in medicine, pesticide chemistry and material science. It is an important class of insect growth regulators. In this study, acyl hydrazine, the essential active group was incorporated in to nalidixic acid with the aim of combining the active groups to generate more potent agrochemical. RESULTS Various nalidixic acid based diacyl and sulphonyl acyl hydrazines derivatives were synthesized and characterized by spectral techniques. These compounds were screened for the antifungal activity against five pathogenic fungi, nitrification inhibitory activity and insect growth regulator (IGR) activity against Spodoptera litura. The fungicidal activity was screened against R. bataticola, S. rolfsii, R. solani, F. oxysporum and A. porri. Most of the compounds showed moderate to good antifungal activity against A. porri (ED50 = 29.6-495.9 µg/mL). All the compounds showed significant nitrification inhibitory activity at 5% level. IGR activity was examined by feeding method against S. litura. CONCLUSION The study revealed that a few compounds possessed good activity against three different pests namely certain fungus, soil bacteria and insect, among which, compound 37 (R' = 4-chlorophenyl) behaved the best.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Aggarwal
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110 012, India; Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110 007, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li JP, Yu SQ, Qu GR, Wang YL. A Rapid and Convenient Method for Preparing Acylhydrazines from Acyldiazenes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200400125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
6
|
Zhang L, Cui Z, Yin B, Yang G, Ling Y, Yang X. QSAR and 3D-QSAR studies of the diacyl-hydrazine derivatives containing furan rings based on the density functional theory. Sci China Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-3185-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
7
|
Arai H, Watanabe B, Nakagawa Y, Miyagawa H. Synthesis of ponasterone A derivatives with various steroid skeleton moieties and evaluation of their binding to the ecdysone receptor of Kc cells. Steroids 2008; 73:1452-64. [PMID: 18804484 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of ponasterone A (PNA) derivatives with various steroid moieties were synthesized to measure their binding activity to the ecdysone receptors of Drosophila Kc cells. The activity of compounds was evaluated by determining the concentration required to give the 50% inhibition (IC(50) in M) of the incorporation of [(3)H]PNA to Drosophila Kc cells. Compounds with no functional groups such as OH and CO group in the steroid skeleton moiety were inactive. By the introduction of functional groups such as the OH and the CO group in the steroidal structure, these compounds became active. Some compounds containing the A/B-trans ring fusion, which is different from that (A/B-cis) of ecdysteroids were also active. The oxidation of CH(2) at 6-position to CO, enhanced the activity 19 times, but the activity was erased by the reduction of oxo to OH group at 6-position. The activity was enhanced about 250 times by the conversion of A/B ring configuration from trans [(20R,22R)-2beta,3beta,20,22-tetrahydroxy-5alpha-cholestan-6-one: pIC(50)=4.84] to cis [(20R,22R)-2beta,3beta,20,22-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-6-one: pIC(50)=7.23]. The latter cis-type compound which is the most potent among compounds synthesized in this study was equipotent to the natural molting hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, even though it is 1/50 of PNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Arai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hormann R, Smagghe G, Nakagawa Y. Multidimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of Diacylhydrazine Toxicity to Lepidopteran and Coleopteran Insect Pests. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200730114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
9
|
Esengil H, Chang V, Mich JK, Chen JK. Small-molecule regulation of zebrafish gene expression. Nat Chem Biol 2007; 3:154-5. [PMID: 17237798 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2006] [Accepted: 01/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The zebrafish has emerged as a versatile model organism for biomedical research, yet its potential has been limited by a lack of conditional reverse-genetic tools. Here we report a chemically inducible gene expression technology that has orthogonality to vertebrate signaling processes, high induction levels, and rapid kinetics. Coupled with tissue-specific promoters, this system provides multidimensional control of gene expression and will enable new models of human disorders and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Esengil
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Center for Clinical Sciences Research, Room 3155, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists are novel compounds that have become attractive candidates not only as pest control agents in agriculture but also as tools for research. Their narrow spectrum of activity makes them relatively safe as pesticides, and their mode of action as ligands for gene expression has found application in gene therapy and inducing transgenic gene expression in plants. These diacylhydrazines (DAHs) are potent nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists, and four of them, tebufenozide, methoxyfenozide, chromafenozide, and halofenozide, have been developed as insecticides. Although these compounds are very toxic to insects, they are safe for mammals and are environmentally benign. Their action on insects is also selective, the first three are effective against Lepidoptera but weakly active or inactive on Diptera and Coleoptera. On the other hand, halofenozide is effective on Coleoptera but mildly active on Lepidoptera. Previous reviews on ecdysone agonists have concentrated on the biological response of some DAHs and their effects on pests. In this review, the chemistry, biological effects and their modes of action at the molecular level will be covered. In addition, a few studies on other nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists, such as 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-N-iso-butylbenzamide, acylaminoketones, and benzoyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines, will be briefly reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nakagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hormann RE, Dinan L, Whiting P. Superimposition evaluation of ecdysteroid agonist chemotypes through multidimensional QSAR. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2004; 17:135-53. [PMID: 13677482 DOI: 10.1023/a:1025365722403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The EC50 values for a training set of 66 ecdysteroids and 97 diacylhydrazines were measured in the ecdysteroid-responsive Drosophila melanogaster BII cell line, a prototypical homologous inducible gene expression system. Each of eight superimposition hypotheses for the folded diacylhydrazine conformation was evaluated and ranked on the basis of CoMFA and 4D-QSAR Q2 values for the training set and R2 values for a 52-member test set comprising randomly-chosen diacylhydrazines and chronologically-chosen ecdysteroids for which data became available after model construction. Both 4D-QSAR and CoMFA rate a common superimposition as the preferred one. Two additional superimpositions, with somewhat weaker 4D-QSAR and CoMFA consensus, nonetheless share several important topological features. The resultant QSAR models address the question of relative binding orientation of the two ligand families and can be useful as a virtual screen for new chemotypes.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li JP, Yu SQ, Qu GR, Wang YL. Rapid and Convenient Synthesis of Acylhydrazines from Acyldiazenes. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2004. [DOI: 10.3184/030823404323000738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of acylhydrazines by using phenylhydrazine as the reductant to hydrogenate acyldiazenes is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology of High Education of Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Qiang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology of High Education of Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Rong Qu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology of High Education of Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Lu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology of High Education of Henan Province, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Minakuchi C, Nakagawa Y, Kamimura M, Miyagawa H. Binding affinity of nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists against the ecdysone receptor complex determines the strength of their molting hormonal activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 270:4095-104. [PMID: 14519121 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03801.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
N-tert-Butyl-N,N'-dibenzoylhydrazine and its analogs are nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists that exhibit insect molting hormonal and larvicidal activities. The interaction mode of those ecdysone agonists with the heterodimer of the ecdysone receptor and ultraspiracle has not been fully elucidated. We expressed the ecdysone receptor B1 and the ultraspiracle of the lepidopteran, Chilo suppressalis, using an in vitro transcription/translation system and confirmed, using gel-shift assays, that the proteins function as ecdysone receptors. We also analyzed their ligand-binding affinity. A potent ecdysteroid, ponasterone A, specifically bound to the ecdysone receptor with low affinity (KD = 55 nm), and the specific binding was dramatically increased (KD = 1.2 nm) in the presence of the ultraspiracle. For seven nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists and five ecdysteroids, the binding activity to the in vitro-translated ecdysone receptor-ultraspiracle complex was linearly correlated with the binding activity to the inherent receptor protein in the cell-free preparation of C. suppressalis integument. The binding to the ecdysone receptor-ultraspiracle complex for a series of compounds was highly correlated with their molting hormonal activity, indicating that the binding affinity of nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists to the ecdysone receptor-ultraspiracle complex primarily determines the strength of their molting hormonal activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieka Minakuchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kasuya A, Sawada Y, Tsukamoto Y, Tanaka K, Toya T, Yanagi M. Binding mode of ecdysone agonists to the receptor: comparative modeling and docking studies. J Mol Model 2003; 9:58-65. [PMID: 12638012 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-002-0113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2002] [Accepted: 11/12/2002] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional structure models of the ligand-binding domain of the ecdysone receptor of Heliothis virescens were built by the homology modeling technique from the crystal structures of nuclear receptors. Two models were created based both on known ligand-binding domain structures of the receptors with the highest sequence identity to the ecdysone receptor, and on those of steroid hormone receptors. The latter model, which was found to have better stereochemical quality and be in good agreement with the binding of the steroidal framework of the endogenous agonist 20-hydroxyecdysone, was used for docking studies. The docking of 20-hydroxyecdysone to the receptor model revealed that the ligand molecule can interact with the receptor in a similar manner to other steroid hormone-receptor complexes. The docking of a dibenzoylhydrazine agonist, chromafenozide, was performed based on the correspondences between the molecule and 20-dydroxyecdysone expected by molecular comparison. The interactions of the ligands with the receptor in the complexes modeled were investigated and found to be consistent with known structure-activity relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kasuya
- Exploratory Chemistry Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co., Ltd., 2-58 Hiromachi 1-chome, Shinagawa-ku, 140-8710, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Minakuchi C, Nakagawa Y, Kiuchi M, Seino A, Tomita S, Kamimura M. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of ultraspiracle (USP) from the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2003; 33:41-49. [PMID: 12459199 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(02)00165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
cDNA for ultraspiracle (USP) from the lepidopteran rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis was cloned using PCR techniques. The deduced amino acid sequence of C. suppressalis USP (CsUSP) was very similar to those of other lepidopteran USPs, especially to the Manduca sexta USP-2 isoform. Northern hybridization analysis detected a 6.5-kb message in the epidermis, fat body, and midgut of wandering larvae. CsUSP mRNA expression in the epidermis varied little during the last larval instar. Gel mobility shift assays showed that in vitro translated C. suppressalis ecdysone receptor (CsEcR) and CsUSP proteins bound to the Pal1 or Drosophila melanogaster hsp27 ecdysone response element as a heterodimer. In a ligand-receptor binding assay, [(3)H]ponasterone A ([(3)H]PoA) did not bind to individual CsEcR or CsUSP protein, but bound strongly to the CsEcR/CsUSP complex. [(3)H]PoA binding to CsEcR/CsUSP complex was competed by 20-hydroxyecdysone and a non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonist, RH-5992, but not by cholesterol, indicating that compounds with molting hormone activity against C. suppressalis can bind specifically to the CsEcR/CsUSP complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieka Minakuchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Toya T, Yamaguchi K, Endo Y. Cyclic dibenzoylhydrazines reproducing the conformation of ecdysone agonists, RH-5849. Bioorg Med Chem 2002; 10:953-61. [PMID: 11836104 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(01)00353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the biologically active conformation of the non-steroidal ecdysone agonist, 1-tert-butyl-1,2-dibenzoylhydrazine (RH-5849) by means of design, synthesis and conformational analysis of cyclic derivatives of RH-5849. Among the synthesized compounds, a 6-membered cyclic hydrazine bearing two benzoyl groups (5) exists in three conformational states in solution, and the major unsymmetrical conformer of 5 is similar to that of RH-5849 on the basis of 1H NMR and X-ray analyses. The 3,3-dimethyl derivative of 5 (10) exists as a single unsymmetrical conformer. Although there is conformational similarity of the cyclic derivatives with RH-5849, these compounds did not show any hormonal or insecticidal activity. The hydrogen bonding character of the amide N-H group of the dibenzoylhydrazine seems to play a critical role in the appearance of the biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Toya
- Research & Development Laboratories, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., 225-1 Koshikiya, Ageo, 362-0064, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nakagawa Y, Minakuchi C, Takahashi K, Ueno T. Inhibition of [3H]ponasterone A binding by ecdysone agonists in the intact Kc cell line. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2002; 32:175-180. [PMID: 11755060 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(01)00105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the binding of [3H]ponasterone A ([3H]PoA) by ecdysone agonists including diacylhydrazines such as RH-5849, tebufenozide (RH-5992) and methoxyfenozide (RH-2485) was examined in intact Drosophila Kc cells. The reciprocal logarithm of the concentration at which there is 50% inhibition of [3H]PoA binding, pIC(50) (M), was determined as the binding activity for all compounds from each concentration-response curve. The order of the activity was PoA>20-hydroxyecdysone>cyasterone>inokosterone>or=makisterone A>methoxyfenozide>or=tebufenozide>ecdysone>RH-5849. The ranking of steroidal ecdysone analogs is consistent with that obtained against Spodoptera Sf-9 cells. Furthermore, in terms of pIC(50), all binding activity for ecdysone analogs, except ecdysone, estimated in the Kc cell line system was significantly higher than that for the Sf-9 cell line system. However, the activity of ecdysone was comparable between Kc and Sf-9 cells. The activity of diacylhydrazine analogs against Kc cells was significantly low compared with that against Sf-9 cells. The potency of methoxyfenozide was 1/200 that of PoA, which showed the highest activity in the Kc cell line system among all compounds tested. The activity of tebufenozide analogs having an n-pentyl or n-hexyl group instead of a 4-ethylphenyl group was similar to that of RH-5849.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nakagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cao S, Qian X, Song G. N'- tert-Butyl- N'-aroyl- N-(alkoxycarbonylmethyl)- N-aroylhydrazines, a novel nonsteroidal ecdysone agonist: syntheses, insecticidal activity, conformational, and crystal structure analysis. CAN J CHEM 2001. [DOI: 10.1139/v01-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen N'-tert-butyl-N'-aroyl-N-(alkoxycarbonylmethyl)-N-aroylhydrazines were synthesized, and their insecticidal activities against armyworm (Leucania separata (Walker)) were tested. The conformation and structure of compound 1b was studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure belongs to the orthorhombic system and the NN bond adopts a gauche conformation, which was assumed to be the active conformation, with a dihedral angle of 69.9°.Key words: N'-tert-butyl-N'-aroyl-N-(alkoxycarbonylmethyl)-N-aroylhydrazine, syntheses, insecticidal activity, conformation, crystal structure.
Collapse
|
20
|
Montanari ML, Beezer AE, Montanari CA, Piló-Veloso D. QSAR based on biological microcalorimetry. J Med Chem 2000; 43:3448-52. [PMID: 10978193 DOI: 10.1021/jm990427k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we describe a QSAR based on biological microcalorimetry for a set of antimicrobial hydrazides acting against Saccharomyces cerivisiae and Escherichia coli. Results show that an extrathermodynamic relationship exists based upon partitioning (log P(TA)) and microcalorimetrically measured biopotencies using the same cell systems. Moreover, the extrathermodynamic relationship between drug potencies for these two cell systems shows that both cellular systems appear to behave in the same way with respect to the importance of partitioning. This means that the same set of congeneric compounds experience a similar environment in the two systems. This represents a lateral validation of the method and discloses the validity of the QSAR model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Montanari
- Núcleo de Estudos em Química Medicinal (NEQUIM), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus da Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nakagawa Y, Minakuchi C, Ueno T. Inhibition of [(3)H]ponasterone a binding by ecdysone agonists in the intact Sf-9 cell line. Steroids 2000; 65:537-42. [PMID: 10978733 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(00)00130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ecdysone agonists, including dibenzoylhydrazines, significantly inhibited the binding of [(3)H]ponasterone A ([(3)H]PoA) in intact Sf-9 cells (Spodoptera frugiperda). The amount of [(3)H]PoA binding varied in a concentration-dependent manner. According to the IC(50), concentration at which there is 50% inhibition, the order of potency of typical ecdysone agonists is tebufenozide (RH-5992) > methoxyfenozide (RH-2485) > PoA > 20-hydroxyecdysone > cyasterone > RH-5849, makisterone A > or = inokosterone > ecdysone. The ranking is consistent with that obtained from a cultured integument system of the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis except for methoxyfenozide. Other compounds whose modes of action are different from that of ecdysteroids, for example respiration inhibitors, plant steroid hormones, and chitin synthesis inhibitors, did not inhibit the binding of [(3)H]PoA significantly. The mammalian hormones estradiol and diethylstilbestrol, and a secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid, significantly inhibited the binding of [(3)H]PoA at 25 microM. However, their binding activity in terms of pIC(50) was either very low or not evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wurtz JM, Guillot B, Fagart J, Moras D, Tietjen K, Schindler M. A new model for 20-hydroxyecdysone and dibenzoylhydrazine binding: a homology modeling and docking approach. Protein Sci 2000; 9:1073-84. [PMID: 10892801 PMCID: PMC2144669 DOI: 10.1110/ps.9.6.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The ecdysone receptor (ECR), a nuclear transcription factor controlling insect development, is a novel target for insecticides such as dibenzoylhydrazines with low environmental and toxicological impacts. To understand the high selectivity of such synthetic molecules toward ECR, two homology models of the Chironomus tentans ECR ligand-binding domain (LDB) have been constructed by taking as templates the known LBD crystal structures of the retinoic acid and vitamin D receptors. Docking of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and dibenzoylhydrazines to the receptor suggests a novel superposition of the natural and synthetic molecules; the N-tert-butyl substituent of the dibenzoylhydrazines extends significantly beyond the 20E volume. Our ECR-LBD protein models rationalize how 20E and dibenzoylhydrazines interact with the ligand-binding pocket. The homology model complexes provide new insights that can be exploited in the rational design of new environmentally safe insecticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Wurtz
- Laboratoire de Biologie Structurale, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, Illkirch, C.U. de Strasbourg, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nakagawa Y, Hattori K, Minakuchi C, Kugimiya S, Ueno T. Relationships between structure and molting hormonal activity of tebufenozide, methoxyfenozide, and their analogs in cultured integument system of Chilo suppressalis Walker. Steroids 2000; 65:117-23. [PMID: 10699589 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(99)00091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The molting hormonal activity of methoxyfenozide (RH-2485), tebufenozide (RH-5992), five analogs with various alkyl groups, and 18 acyl analogs was measured by using cultured integument of rice stem borers, Chilo suppressalis Walker. The hormonal activity of methoxyfenozide was remarkably high (EC(50) = 1.1 x 10(-9) M), being equivalent to that of tebufenozide (RH-5992). The hormonal activity of several tebufenozide analogs with varying alkyl groups such as CH(3), n-C(3)H(7), i-C(3)H(7), n-C(4)H(9) and n-C(5)H(11) at the para-position of the benzene ring furthest from the tert-butyl group was lower than that of tebufenozide (alkyl group is C(2)H(5)). The activity decreased to varying degrees as a result of replacement of the 3,5-dimethylphenyl moiety of tebufenozide with either a phenyl, naphthyl, or cyclohexyl group. Both 1- and 2-naphthyl derivatives were very active (EC(50) = 4.3 x 10(-8) M and 3.2 x 10(-8) M, respectively) without any significant difference between them. The activity of the 1-cyclohexenyl analog (EC(50) = 1.0 x 10(-7) M) was about 40x that of the corresponding 3-cyclohexenyl analog (EC(50) = 4.4 x 10(-6) M), but 1/100 that of tebufenozide. The activity varied parabolically with respect to the molecular hydrophobicity, and decreased with longer acyl moieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nakagawa Y, Hattori K, Shimizu BI, Akamatsu M, Miyagawa H, Ueno T. Quantitative structure-activity studies of insect growth regulators xiv. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship of ecdysone agonists including dibenzoylhydrazine analogs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199808)53:4<267::aid-ps765>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
25
|
Abstract
The ecdysteroid agonist activity of 71 HPLC-purified ecdysteroids was measured in the Drosophila melanogaster BII tumorous blood cell line assay. The resultant log(ED50) values, spanning almost 6 orders of magnitude, were used to construct a comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) model in which conformations were selected by homology to the crystal structure of ecdysone. Model A was constructed by utilization of the region-focused electrostatic indicator field (q2 = 0.631, r2 = 0.903, 5 components, 4 outliers). Model B made use of region-focused electrostatic and steric indicator fields along with MlogP (q2 = 0.694, r2 = 0.892, 5 components, 4 outliers). The model and its underlying bioassay data support a pharmacophore hypothesis in which ecdysteroid binding is understood to be due principally to the summation of localized interactions from approximately six specific loci. This is in contrast to previous structure-activity relationship hypotheses which are formulated in terms of the presence or absence of essential functional groups, without which ecdysteroid receptor affinity would be completely absent. The present CoMFA model is utilized to predict the activities of heretofore unknown ecdysteroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Dinan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Exeter, U.K
| | | | | |
Collapse
|