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Wearing ER, Yeh YC, Terrones GG, Parikh SG, Kevlishvili I, Kulik HJ, Schindler CS. Visible light-mediated aza Paternò-Büchi reaction of acyclic oximes and alkenes to azetidines. Science 2024; 384:1468-1476. [PMID: 38935726 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj6771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The aza Paternò-Büchi reaction is a [2+2]-cycloaddition reaction between imines and alkenes that produces azetidines, four-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Currently, successful examples rely primarily on either intramolecular variants or cyclic imine equivalents. To unlock the full synthetic potential of aza Paternò-Büchi reactions, it is essential to extend the reaction to acyclic imine equivalents. Here, we report that matching of the frontier molecular orbital energies of alkenes with those of acyclic oximes enables visible light-mediated aza Paternò-Büchi reactions through triplet energy transfer catalysis. The utility of this reaction is further showcased in the synthesis of epi-penaresidin B. Density functional theory computations reveal that a competition between the desired [2+2]-cycloaddition and alkene dimerization determines the success of the reaction. Frontier orbital energy matching between the reactive components lowers transition-state energy (ΔGǂ) values and ultimately promotes reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Wearing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yu-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gianmarco G Terrones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Seren G Parikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ilia Kevlishvili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Corinna S Schindler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z1 BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4 BC, Canada
- BC Cancer, Vancouver V5Z 1G1 BC, Canada
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2
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Kovács E, Faigl F, Mucsi Z. Regio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2-Arylazetidines: Quantum Chemical Explanation of Baldwin's Rules for the Ring-Formation Reactions of Oxiranes†. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11226-11239. [PMID: 32786621 PMCID: PMC7498157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
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A general,
scalable two-step regio- and diastereoselective method
has been described for the synthesis of versatile alkaloid-type azetidines
from simple building blocks with excellent overall yields. In the
kinetically controlled reaction, only the formation of the strained
four-membered ring can be achieved instead of the thermodynamically
favorable five-membered rings under appropriate conditions. Remarkable
functional group tolerance has also been demonstrated. In this paper,
we give a new scope of Baldwin’s rules by density functional
theory (DFT) calculations with an explicit solvent model, confirming
the proposed reaction mechanisms and the role of kinetic controls
in the stereochemical outcome of the reported transition-metal-free
carbon–carbon bond formation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ervin Kovács
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.,MTA-BME Organic Chemical Technology Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.,Femtonics Ltd., Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Faigl
- MTA-BME Organic Chemical Technology Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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3
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Kovács E, Huszka B, Gáti T, Nyerges M, Faigl F, Mucsi Z. Chemoselective Strategy for the Direct Formation of Tetrahydro-2,5-methanobenzo[ c]azepines or Azetotetrahydroisoquinolines via Regio- and Stereoselective Reactions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7100-7112. [PMID: 31084024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports regio- and highly diastereoselective preparative methods for the synthesis of versatile alkaloid-type compounds from oxiranylmethyl tetrahydroisoquinolines. 2,5-Methanobenzo[ c]azepines or azetidine-fused heterocycles were synthesized in tandem reactions depending on the absence or presence of a BF3 co-reagent. A high functional group tolerance has also been demonstrated. DFT calculations with an explicit solvent model confirmed the proposed reaction mechanisms and the role of kinetic controls on the stereochemical outcome of the reported new methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ervin Kovács
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology , Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budapest H-1111 Hungary.,Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Budapest H-1117 Hungary
| | - Balázs Huszka
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology , Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budapest H-1111 Hungary
| | - Tamás Gáti
- Servier Research Institute of Medicinal Chemistry , Budapest H-1031 Hungary
| | - Miklós Nyerges
- Servier Research Institute of Medicinal Chemistry , Budapest H-1031 Hungary
| | - Ferenc Faigl
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology , Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budapest H-1111 Hungary
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4
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Gembus V, Karmazin L, Uguen D, Zoller T. Formal Synthesis of Borrelidin: A Highly Enantio- and Diastereoselective Access to the Morken’s C2–C12 Intermediate. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gembus
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (associé au CNRS; UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Université de Strasbourg, BP296/R8, 67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Daniel Uguen
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (associé au CNRS; UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Zoller
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (associé au CNRS; UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
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5
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Bull JA, Croft RA, Davis OA, Doran R, Morgan KF. Oxetanes: Recent Advances in Synthesis, Reactivity, and Medicinal Chemistry. Chem Rev 2016; 116:12150-12233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary A. Croft
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Owen A. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Doran
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kate F. Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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6
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Mongin F, Harrison-Marchand A. Mixed AggregAte (MAA): A Single Concept for All Dipolar Organometallic Aggregates. 2. Syntheses and Reactivities of Homo/HeteroMAAs. Chem Rev 2013; 113:7563-727. [DOI: 10.1021/cr3002966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mongin
- Equipe Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bât. 10A, Case 1003, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cédex, France
| | - Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Laboratoire COBRA de l′Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, IRCOF, Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cédex, France
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Faigl F, Kovács E, Turczel G, Szöllősy Á, Mordini A, Balázs L, Holczbauer T, Czugler M. Novel stereoselective synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted azetidines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Wu FL, Ross BP, McGeary RP. New Methodology for the Conversion of Epoxides to Alkenes. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Shimizu M, Hachiya I, Matsumoto T, Inagaki T, Takahashi A. Synthesis of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) from (Z)-But-2-ene-1,4-diol or But-2-yne-1,4-diol. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-10-s(e)16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Farkas F, Thurner A, Kovács E, Faigl F, Hegedűs L. Hydrogenolysis of O-protected hydroxyoxetanes over palladium: An efficient method for a one-step ring opening and detritylation reaction. CATAL COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2008.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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11
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Jautze S, Seiler P, Peters R. Synthesis of Nearly Enantiopure Allylic Amines by Aza-Claisen Rearrangement ofZ-Configured Allylic Trifluoroacetimidates Catalyzed by Highly Active Ferrocenylbispalladacycles. Chemistry 2008; 14:1430-44. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Kopp F, Linne U, Oberthür M, Marahiel MA. Harnessing the chemical activation inherent to carrier protein-bound thioesters for the characterization of lipopeptide fatty acid tailoring enzymes. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:2656-66. [PMID: 18237171 DOI: 10.1021/ja078081n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a new experimental approach utilizing an amide ligation reaction for the characterization of acyl carrier protein (ACP)-bound reaction intermediates, which are otherwise difficult to analyze by traditional biochemical methods. To explore fatty acid tailoring enzymes of the calcium-dependent antibiotic (CDA) biosynthetic pathway, this strategy enabled the transformation of modified fatty acids, covalently bound as thioesters to an ACP, into amide ligation products that can be directly analyzed and compared to synthetic standards by HPLC-MS. The driving force of the amide formation is the thermodynamic activation inherent to thioester-bound compounds. Using this novel method, we were able to characterize the ACP-mediated biosynthesis of the unique 2,3-epoxyhexanoyl moiety of CDA, revealing a new type of FAD-dependent oxidase HxcO with intrinsic enoyl-ACP epoxidase activity, as well as a second enoyl-ACP epoxidase, HcmO. In general, our approach should be widely applicable for the in vitro characterization of other biosynthetic systems acting on carrier proteins, such as integrated enzymes from NRPS and PKS assembly lines or tailoring enzymes of fatty and amino acid precursor synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kopp
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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13
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Faigl F, Thurner A, Farkas F, Battancs M, Poppe L. Synthesis and enantioselective rearrangement of (Z)-4-triphenylmethoxy-2,3-epoxybutan-1-ol enantiomers. Chirality 2007; 19:197-202. [PMID: 17192839 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Efficient enzyme catalyzed kinetic resolutions of a synthetically useful chiral building block, (Z)-4-triphenylmethoxy-2,3-epoxybutan-1-ol, are reported. The highest selectivities were achieved by Lipozyme TL IM and Amano Lipase PS enzymes in the presence of vinyl acetate. Enantiomeric enrichment of the optically active acetate isomer was accomplished by selective crystallization of the racemic part of the enantiomeric mixture. Enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of the acetate also provided an optically pure epoxybutanol derivative. O-Benzylation of (+)-(Z)-1-hydroxy-4-triphenylmethoxy-2,3-epoxybutane followed by super base promoted diastereo- and enantio-selective rearrangement resulted in (+)-(2R,3R,1'R)-3-[1-hydroxy-2-(triphenylmethoxy)ethyl]-2-phenyloxetane in >98% ee and de. Configurations of the new optically active products were determined by chemical correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Faigl
- Department of Organic Chemical Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Budafoki út 8., Hungary.
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14
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Parallel synthesis of modular chiral Schiff base ligands and evaluation in the titatium(IV) catalyzed asymmetric trimethylsilylcyanation of aldehydes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Faigl F, Thurner A, Battancs M, Farkas F, Poppe L, Bódai V, Kmecz I, Simándi B. Efficient, scalable kinetic resolution of cis-4-benzyloxy-2,3-epoxybutanol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Mordini A, Peruzzi D, Russo F, Valacchi M, Reginato G, Brandi A. Superbase-promoted rearrangement of oxiranes to cyclopropanes. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Katz JD, Overman LE. Studies towards the total synthesis of palau'amine. Formation of 4,5-dihydropyrrole-2-carboxylate intermediates by alkene–enamide ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Mordini A, Russo F, Valacchi M, Zani L, Degl'Innocenti A, Reginato G. Base-promoted elaboration of aziridines. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Faigl F, Thurner A, Tárkányi G, Kovári J, Mordini A. Resolution and enantioselective rearrangements of amino group-containing oxiranyl ethers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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