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Matamoros E, Pérez EMS, Light ME, Cintas P, Martínez RF, Palacios JC. A True Reverse Anomeric Effect Does Exist After All: A Hydrogen Bonding Stereocontrolling Effect in 2-Iminoaldoses. J Org Chem 2024; 89:7877-7898. [PMID: 38752850 PMCID: PMC11165589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The reverse anomeric effect is usually associated with the equatorial preference of nitrogen substituents at the anomeric center. Once postulated as another anomeric effect with explanations ranging from electrostatic interactions to delocalization effects, it is now firmly considered to be essentially steric in nature. Through an extensive research on aryl imines from 2-amino-2-deoxyaldoses, spanning nearly two decades, we realized that such substances often show an anomalous anomeric behavior that cannot easily be rationalized on the basis of purely steric grounds. The apparent preference, or stabilization, of the β-anomer takes place to an extent that not only neutralizes but also overcomes the normal anomeric effect. Calculations indicate that there is no stereoelectronic effect opposing the anomeric effect, resulting from the repulsion between electron lone pairs on the imine nitrogen and the endocyclic oxygen. Such data and compelling structural evidence unravel why the exoanomeric effect is largely inhibited. We are now confident, as witnessed by 2-iminoaldoses, that elimination of the exo-anomeric effect in the α-anomer is due to the formation of an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the anomeric hydroxyl and the iminic nitrogen, thereby accounting for a true electronic effect. In addition, discrete solvation may help justify the observed preference for the β-anomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Matamoros
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias, and Instituto del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad
(IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Málaga, Campus
Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma
en Nanomedicina − IBIMA, Plataforma Bionand, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Esther M. S. Pérez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias, and Instituto del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad
(IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Mark E. Light
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias, and Instituto del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad
(IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - R. Fernando Martínez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias, and Instituto del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad
(IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Juan C. Palacios
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias, and Instituto del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad
(IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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Albler C, Hollaus R, Kählig H, Schmid W. Indium-mediated allylation in carbohydrate synthesis: A short and efficient approach towards higher 2-acetamido-2-deoxy sugars. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2230-4. [PMID: 25246982 PMCID: PMC4168925 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher aminosugars are interesting targets in carbohydrate synthesis since these compounds play important roles in biological systems. However, their availability from natural sources is limited. Thus, in order to investigate their biological function, the development of facile and adaptable routes to this class of compounds is of fundamental importance. Our synthetic route towards these target molecules makes use of readily accessible pentoses and hexoses, which are subjected to indium-mediated two-carbon chain elongation. Subsequent ozonolysis and treatment with base yields α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, which are stereoselectively epoxidized using Jørgenson’s protocol. After Wittig chain elongation the obtained allylic epoxides were regio- and stereoselectively opened with trimethylsilyl azide under palladium catalysis. Finally, a suitable deprotection protocol, starting with acidic acetate cleavage and ozonolysis was established. Peracetylation of the products simplifies purification and subsequent azide reduction followed by final deacetylation using methanolic sodium methoxide furnishes the title compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Albler
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralph Hollaus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hanspeter Kählig
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walther Schmid
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Silvero G, Ávalos M, Babiano R, Cintas P, Jiménez JL, Palacios JC. A bioinspired look at the glucosinolate metabolic pathway. Structural insights into the reaction of benzyl isothiocyanate and d-glucosamine. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pérez EMS, Avalos M, Babiano R, Cintas P, Light ME, Jiménez JL, Palacios JC, Sancho A. Schiff bases from D-glucosamine and aliphatic ketones. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:23-32. [PMID: 19914606 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the comprehensive literature and enormous versatility of chiral imines derived from aminosugars and aldehydes, the corresponding counterparts generated from ketones remain an underestimated research subject. Filling in the gap, this manuscript sheds light on the synthetic and structural aspects of such substances and updates the few antecedents reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M S Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, QUOREX Research Group, Universidad de Extremadura, E-06071 Badajoz, Spain.
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Ulgheri F, Giunta D, Spanu P. Short and highly stereoselective total synthesis of d-ribo-configured ureido sugars. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ávalos M, Babiano R, Cintas P, Hursthouse MB, Jiménez JL, Light ME, Palacios JC, Pérez EMS. Synthesis of Sugar Isocyanates and Their Application to the Formation of Ureido-Linked Disaccharides. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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López Ó, Maza S, Maya I, Fuentes J, Fernández-Bolaños JG. New synthetic approaches to sugar ureas. Access to ureido-β-cyclodextrins. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ávalos M, Babiano R, Cintas P, Hursthouse MB, Jiménez JL, Light ME, Palacios JC, Silvero G. Non-biaryl atropisomers derived from carbohydrates. Part 3: Rotational isomerism of sterically hindered heteroaryl imidazolidine-2-ones and 2-thiones. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ávalos M, Babiano R, Cintas P, Hursthouse MB, Jiménez JL, Light ME, Palacios JC, Silvero G. Non-biaryl atropisomers derived from carbohydrates. Part 4: Absolute stereochemistry of carbohydrate-based imidazolidine-2-ones and 2-thiones with axial and central chirality. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jiang B, Liu JF, Zhao SY. Enantioselective total syntheses of slagenins A-C and their antipodes. J Org Chem 2003; 68:2376-84. [PMID: 12636405 DOI: 10.1021/jo026773i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Full details of the total syntheses of slagenins A-C (1a-c) and their antipodes (2a-c), novel bromopyrrole alkaloids with a unique tetrahydrofuro[2,3-d]imidazolidin-2-one moiety, are described in which their absolute stereochemistry was established. The key step in the syntheses involves the efficient condensation of dihydrofuran-3-one or glyoxal with urea to construct the slagenin bicycle core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
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Abstract
[formula: see text] An enantioselective synthesis of slagenins A-C (1a-c) is described in which their absolute stereochemistries were established. The key step in the synthesis involved the efficient condensation of 2-methoxy-dihydro-furan-3-one 9 and urea to construct the slagenin bicycle core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, Peoples Republic of China.
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Abstract
[structure: see text] A short synthesis of the marine sponge metabolites slagenins A (1), B (2), and C (3) is described. The synthetic route features the preparation of beta-hydroxyimidazolone 4 from ornithine and its subsequent oxidative cyclization to the slagenin core.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Barrios Sosa
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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García Fernández J, Mellet CO. Chemistry and developments of N-thiocarbonyl carbohydrate derivatives: Sugar isothiocyanates, thioamides, thioureas, thiocarbamates, and their conjugates. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2318(00)55004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Saul R, Kern T, Kopf J, Pintér I, Köll P. Reaction of 1,3-Disubstituted Acetone Derivatives with Pseudohalides: A Simple Approach to Spiro[4.4]nonane-Type Bis-Oxazolidines and -Imidazolidines (Bicyclic Carbamates, Thiocarbamates, Ureas, and Thioureas). European J Org Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(200001)2000:1<205::aid-ejoc205>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Avalos M, Babiano R, Cintas P, Higes FJ, Jiménez J, Palacios JC, Silvero G, Valencia C. Non-biaryl atropisomers derived from carbohydrates. Part 2. Atropisomeric behavior of monocyclic and bicyclic imidazolidine-2-ones and 2-thiones. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shaban MA. The Chemistry of C-Nucleosides and Their Analogs II: C-Nucleosides of Condensed Heterocyclic Bases. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Shaban MA, Nasr AZ. The Chemistry of C-Nucleosides and Their Analogs I: C-Nucleosides of Hetero Monocyclic Bases. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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Wawer I, Piekarska-Bartoszewicz B, Temeriusz A. 13C CP MAS and high-resolution 1H, 13C, 15N NMR study of new ureido sugars, derivatives of 2-amino-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose and l-amino acid. Carbohydr Res 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Del Valle JL, Torroba T, Marcaccini S, Paoli P, Williams DJ. Diastereoselective synthesis of C-glycosylnorbornenones. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00428-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Wawer I, Piekarska-Bartoszewicz B, Temeriusz A. 13C CP MAS and high-resolution 1H, 15N NMR study of ureido sugars. Carbohydr Res 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)00295-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Condensation of 2-amino-2-deoxysugars with isothiocyanates. Synthesis of cis-1,2-fused glycopyrano heterocycles. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)81122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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