1
|
Taenzler F, Xu J, Athe S, Rawal VH. Dearomative (4 + 3) Cycloaddition Reactions of 3-Alkenylindoles and 3-Alkenylpyrroles to Afford Cyclohepta[ b]indoles and Cyclohepta[ b]pyrroles. Org Lett 2022; 24:8109-8114. [PMID: 36315976 PMCID: PMC9664489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The dearomative (4 + 3) cycloaddition reactions of 3-alkenylindoles with in situ-generated oxyallyl cations furnish cyclohepta[b]indoles, functionality-rich frameworks found in many bioactive compounds, including all pentacyclic ambiguine alkaloids. The analogous reactions between oxyallyl cations and 3-alkenylpyrroles afford cyclohepta[b]pyrroles. The cycloadducts are generally formed in good to high yields and diastereoselectivities and can be readily transformed into useful derivatives. Additionally, we report preliminary investigations into the enantioselective catalysis of the dearomative (4 + 3) cycloaddition using imidodiphosphorimidate catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Viresh H. Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United
States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qin XY, Meng FT, Wang M, Tu SJ, Hao WJ, Wang J, Jiang B. Gold-Catalyzed Skeletal Rearrangement of Alkenes: Regioselective Synthesis of Skeletally Diverse Tricyclic Heterocycles and Mechanistic Investigations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Qin
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Fan-Tao Meng
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Mian Wang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nifant'ev IE, Ivchenko PV. Synthesis of Heteroarene‐Fused Cyclopentadienes and Related Compounds Suitable for Metallocene Preparation. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant'ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS Leninsky pr. 22 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University Leninskie gory 1–3 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS Leninsky pr. 22 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University Leninskie gory 1–3 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qiu Y, Dlugosch M, Liu X, Khan F, Ward JS, Lan P, Banwell MG. Reductive Cyclization of o-Nitroarylated-α,β-unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones with TiCl 3/HCl or Fe/HCl Leading to 1,2,3,9-Tetrahydro-4 H-carbazol-4-ones and Related Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12023-12033. [PMID: 30180589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Compounds such as 3, the product of a palladium[0]-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling of o-iodonitrobenzene and 2-iodocyclohex-2-en-1-one, undergo complementary modes of reductive cyclization depending upon the conditions employed. Thus, on treatment with hydrogen in the presence of palladium on carbon, the tetrahydrocarbazole 4 is formed, while reaction of the same substrate (3) with TiCl3 in acetone affords the 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4 H-carbazol-4-one 6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qiu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Michael Dlugosch
- Research School of Chemistry , Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Xin Liu
- Research School of Chemistry , Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Faiyaz Khan
- Research School of Chemistry , Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Jas S Ward
- Research School of Chemistry , Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry , Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ashley WL, Timpy EL, Coombs TC. Flow Photo-Nazarov Reactions of 2-Furyl Vinyl Ketones: Cyclizing a Class of Traditionally Unreactive Heteroaromatic Enones. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2516-2529. [PMID: 29400058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nazarov reactions of 2-furyl vinyl ketones and related heteroaromatic enones, to produce furan-fused cyclopentanones using a flow photochemical approach, are described. Compounds possessing this connectivity between heterocycle and ketone (2-furyl, 2-benzofuryl, 2-thiophene-yl, and 2-benzothiophene-yl) have traditionally proven difficult or impossible to cyclize with typical Brønsted and Lewis acid mediated methods. Using mild flow photochemistry conditions and acetic acid (AcOH) or hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as solvent, these compounds were found to cyclize in 45-97% yields, with typical UV exposure times of 3.4-6.8 min. In all cases, 2-furyl and 2-thiophene-yl enones cyclized, whereas 2-benzofuryl and 2-benzothiophene-yl enones exhibited divergent properties with reactivity patterns tied to the identity of the vinyl group. This report discloses the first photo-Nazarov reactions of tetrahydropyridine-substituted 2-furyl ketones, providing a direct approach to the corresponding fused heterocyclic motifs built around a central cyclopentanone. These motifs constitute the core structures of biologically active natural products, including the marine alkaloid nakadomarin A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William L Ashley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington , Dobo Hall, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Evan L Timpy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington , Dobo Hall, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Thomas C Coombs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington , Dobo Hall, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abe T. Nazarov Cyclization of an Indolyl Vinyl Ketone Promoted by Acetyl Chloride and Sodium Iodide: Formal Synthesis of Bruceolline E. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Application of Fischer Indolization under Green Conditions using Deep Eutectic Solvents. CHEM REC 2017; 17:1039-1058. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
8
|
Chen J, Han X, Lu X. Atom-Economic Synthesis of Pentaleno[2,1-b]indoles via Tandem Cyclization of Alkynones Initiated by Aminopalladation. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1977-1985. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiuling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dethe DH, Sau SK, Mahapatra S. Biomimetic Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Mycoleptodiscin A. Org Lett 2016; 18:6392-6395. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dattatraya H. Dethe
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India rieval
| | - Susanta Kumar Sau
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India rieval
| | - Samarpita Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India rieval
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Raja S, Nakajima M, Rueping M. Experimental and computational study of the catalytic asymmetric 4π-electrocyclization of N-heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:2762-5. [PMID: 25533025 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The first asymmetric metal-catalyzed Nazarov cyclization of N-heterocycles has been developed. The use of a chiral catalyst allows the enantioselective electrocyclization of N-heterocycles under mild conditions and the corresponding products are obtained in good yields with excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivity. The reaction mechanism and the absolute configuration of the obtained products are explained by means of computational studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Raja
- Institut of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen (Germany)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Raja S, Nakajima M, Rueping M. Experimentelle und theoretische Untersuchungen zur katalytischen asymmetrischen 4π-Elektrocyclisierung von N-Heterocyclen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
12
|
Sakae M, Oshitani SS, Ibara C, Natsuyama M, Nokami T, Itoh T. Iron-Catalyzed Nazarov Reaction of Indole, Benzofuran, and Benzo[b]thiophene Derivatives. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikei Sakae
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Tottori University; Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Shun-suke Oshitani
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Tottori University; Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Chie Ibara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Tottori University; Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Machiko Natsuyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Tottori University; Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Toshiki Nokami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Tottori University; Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Itoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering; Tottori University; Tottori 680-8552 Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry; Tottori University; Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sato AH, Ohashi K, Ito K, Iwasawa T. Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of 1-(1-halovinyl)-1H-indoles from 1-ethynyl-1H-indoles with in situ generated HX. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
14
|
Chen B, Fan W, Chai G, Ma S. Electronic Effect Directed Au(I)-Catalyzed Cyclic C2–H Bond Functionalization of 3-Allenylindoles. Org Lett 2012; 14:3616-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301408g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China, and Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China, and Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Guobi Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China, and Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shengming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China, and Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Raja S, Bolte M. (1R,2S)-Methyl 1-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-3-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-cyclo-penta-[b]indole-2-carboxyl-ate 0.2-hydrate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 67:o2991. [PMID: 22220011 PMCID: PMC3247393 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811042358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C19H14ClNO3·0.2H2O, crystallizes with five molecules and a disordered water molecule in the asymmetric unit. Four of the five molecules form hydrogen-bonded dimers via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds towards another symmetry-independent molecule, whereas the fifth molecule forms a hydrogen-bonded dimer with its symmetry equivalent, also via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The dihedral angle between the planes of the fused benzene ring and the five-membered ring to which it is attached is 79.45 (13), 49.00 (15), 72.49 (16), 81.91 (18) and 76.38 (16)° for the five molecules in the asymmetric unit.
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Patil DV, Cavitt MA, France S. Diastereoselective Intramolecular Friedel–Crafts Cyclizations of Substituted Methyl 2-(1H-indole-1-carbonyl)acrylates: Efficient Access to Functionalized 1H-Pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles. Org Lett 2011; 13:5820-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202431x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dadasaheb V. Patil
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Marchello A. Cavitt
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stefan France
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chandra A, Johnston JN. Total Synthesis of the Chlorine-Containing Hapalindoles K, A, and G. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
19
|
Chandra A, Johnston JN. Total synthesis of the chlorine-containing hapalindoles K, A, and G. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7641-4. [PMID: 21739540 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aroop Chandra
- Department of Chemistry & Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1822, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bergman J, Lidgren G, Gogoll A. Synthesis and Reactions of Oxazolones from L-Tryptophan and α-Haloacetic Anhydrides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19921010712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
21
|
|
22
|
Yadav AK, Peruncheralathan S, Ila H, Junjappa H. Domino Carbocationic Rearrangement of α-[Bis(methylthio)methylene]alkyl-2-(3/2-indolyl) Cyclopropyl Ketones. J Org Chem 2007; 72:1388-94. [PMID: 17288384 DOI: 10.1021/jo062302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Domino carbocationic rearrangement of a number of substituted 3- and 2-indolylcyclopropyl ketones with an alpha-bis(methylthio)methylene group in the presence of various protic/Lewis acids yields a variety of products, mainly the pentaleno fused indoles and the carbazole derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur-208016, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Venkatesh C, Singh PP, Ila H, Junjappa H. Highly Diastereoselective [3+2] Cyclopenta[b]annulation of Indoles with2-Arylcyclopropyl Ketones and Diesters. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
24
|
Malona JA, Colbourne JM, Frontier AJ. A General Method for the Catalytic Nazarov Cyclization of Heteroaromatic Compounds. Org Lett 2006; 8:5661-4. [PMID: 17107097 DOI: 10.1021/ol062403v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general, catalytic method for efficient Nazarov cyclization of systems containing heteroaromatic components has been developed. Scandium triflate was identified as the most reactive promoter, and it was found that addition of lithium perchlorate was necessary for synthetically useful catalytic cyclizations. The method was used to synthesize a range of cyclopentanone-fused heteroaromatic systems in 36-97% yield, and the reactivity trends observed demonstrate the impact of polarization on cyclization efficiency. [reaction: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Malona
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14627, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Knölker HJ, Bauermeister M. Transition Metal-Diene Complexes in Organic Synthesis. Part 15. Iron-mediated total synthesis of carbazomycin A and B. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19930760709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
26
|
Lachance N, Chan WY. Efficient synthesis of bromocyclopenta[b] indoles via a bromination - reduction sequence. J Heterocycl Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570400214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
27
|
|
28
|
Katritzky AR, Zhang G, Xie L, Ghiviriga I. Efficient Syntheses of Substituted Carbazoles and Cyclopent[b]indoles from 1-Methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole. J Org Chem 1996; 61:7558-7563. [PMID: 11667688 DOI: 10.1021/jo9604954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1-Methyl-3-(benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)indole (1) undergoes lithiation and 1,4-addition with a variety of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones and aldehydes. Subsequent treatment with an acidic resin in refluxing 1,4-dioxane causes intramolecular cyclization followed by aromatization to furnish a wide range of 1,3-di-, 2,3-di-, and 1,2,3-trisubstituted carbazoles 6a-j and 8 in moderate to excellent yields. NMR study is described to discriminate between structures of types 6 and 8 on the basis of (1)H-(13)C long-range correlation. Treatment of 1 with styrenes in the presence of zinc bromide results in formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition to give cyclopent[b]indoles 14a-c in good yields. When 1 is first lithiated and reacts with electrophiles, the resulting alkylation products undergo similar [3 + 2] additions with styrenes to give 1-functionalized cyclopent[b]indoles 15 and 16with a high degree of stereoselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R. Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheng KF, Cheung MK. Synthesis of inverto-yuehchukene and its 10-(indol-3′-yl) isomer. X-Ray structure of (4aRS,10aRS)-1,1,3-trimethyl-1,2,4a,5,10,10a-hexahydroindene [1,2-b]indol-10-one. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/p19960001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
30
|
Franceschetti L, Garzon-Aburbeh A, Mahmoud MR, Natalini B, Pellicciari R. Synthesis of a novel, conformationally restricted analog of tryptophan. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)93413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
31
|
Harisson CA, Leineweber R, Moody CJ, Williams JM. Synthesis of cyclopent[bindoles by formal [3+2]-addition of indolylmethyl cations to alkenes. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)61376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
32
|
Chapter 4 Chemistry and Biology of Carbazole Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
33
|
A Stereochemical test of the mechanism of electrophilic substitution in 3-substituted indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(93)85096-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
34
|
Knölker HJ, Bauermeister M, Jörn-Bernd P, Bläser D, Boese R. Transition metal-diene complexes in organic synthesis - 13. Highly Chemo- and Stereoselective Oxidations of Tricarbonyliron-Cyclohexadiene Complexes: Synthesis of 4-Deoxycarbazomycin B. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)80328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
35
|
|