1
|
Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Kinetic Resolution of α‐Branched Aldehydes through Formal Cycloaddition with Homophthalic Anhydrides. Chemistry 2019; 25:10074-10079. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
2
|
Koller S, Gatzka J, Wong KM, Altmann PJ, Pöthig A, Hintermann L. Stereochemistry of the Menthyl Grignard Reagent: Generation, Composition, Dynamics, and Reactions with Electrophiles. J Org Chem 2018; 83:15009-15028. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Koller
- Technische Universität München, Department of Chemistry, and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Julia Gatzka
- Technische Universität München, Department of Chemistry, and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Kit Ming Wong
- Technische Universität München, Department of Chemistry, and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Philipp J. Altmann
- Technische Universität München, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, and Catalysis Research Center, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Strasse 1, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Technische Universität München, Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, and Catalysis Research Center, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Strasse 1, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Lukas Hintermann
- Technische Universität München, Department of Chemistry, and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pulis AP, Varela A, Citti C, Songara P, Leonori D, Aggarwal VK. Asymmetric Synthesis of Tertiary Alcohols and Thiols via Nonstabilized Tertiary α-Oxy- and α-Thio-Substituted Organolithium Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10835-10839. [PMID: 28783238 PMCID: PMC5601220 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonstabilized α-O-substituted tertiary organolithium species are difficult to generate, and the α-S-substituted analogues are configurationally unstable. We now report that they can both be generated easily and trapped with a range of electrophiles with high enantioselectivity, providing ready access to a range of enantioenriched tertiary alcohols and thiols. The configurational stability of the α-S-organolithium species was enhanced by using a less coordinating solvent and short reaction times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Pulis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Ana Varela
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Cinzia Citti
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Pradip Songara
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pulis AP, Varela A, Citti C, Songara P, Leonori D, Aggarwal VK. Asymmetric Synthesis of Tertiary Alcohols and Thiols via Nonstabilized Tertiary α-Oxy- and α-Thio-Substituted Organolithium Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Pulis
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ana Varela
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Cinzia Citti
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Pradip Songara
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fässler J, McCubbin JA, Roglans A, Kimachi T, Hollett JW, Kunz RW, Tinkl M, Zhang Y, Wang R, Campbell M, Snieckus V. Highly Enantioselective (−)-Sparteine-Mediated Lateral Metalation-Functionalization of Remote Silyl Protected ortho-Ethyl N,N-Dialkyl Aryl O-Carbamates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3368-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502561m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jürg Fässler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - J. Adam McCubbin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Anna Roglans
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tetsutaro Kimachi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joshua W. Hollett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Roland W. Kunz
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tinkl
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yousheng Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ruiyao Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michael Campbell
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L
3N6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Emerson CR, Zakharov LN, Blakemore PR. Investigation of functionalized α-chloroalkyllithiums for a stereospecific reagent-controlled homologation approach to the analgesic alkaloid (-)-epibatidine. Chemistry 2013; 19:16342-56. [PMID: 24127119 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Four putative functionalized α-chloroakyllithiums RCH2CHLiCl, where R=CHCH2(18 a), CCH (18 b), CH2OBn (18 c), and CH[O(CH2)2O] (18 d), were generated in situ by sulfoxide-lithium exchange from α-chlorosulfoxides, and investigated for the stereospecific reagent-controlled homologation (StReCH) of phenethyl and 2-chloropyrid-5-yl (17) pinacol boronic esters. Deuterium labeling experiments revealed that α-chloroalkyllithiums are quenched by proton transfer from their α-chlorosulfoxide precursors and it was established that this effect compromises the yield of StReCH reactions. Use of α-deuterated α-chlorosulfoxides was discovered to ameliorate the problem by retarding the rate of acid-base chemistry between the carbenoid and its precursor. Carbenoids 18 a and 18 b showed poor StReCH efficacy, particularly the propargyl group bearing carbenoid 18 b, the instability of which was attributed to a facile 1,2-hydride shift. By contrast, 18 d, a carbenoid that benefits from a stabilizing interaction between O and Li atoms gave good StReCH yields. Boronate 17 was chain extended by carbenoids 18 a, 18 b, and 18 d in 16, 0, and 68% yield, respectively; α-deuterated isotopomers D-18 a and D-18 d gave yields of 33 and 79% for the same reaction. Double StReCH of 17 was pursued to target contiguous stereodiads appropriate for the total synthesis of (-)-epibatidine (15). One-pot double StReCH of boronate 17 by two exposures to (S)-D-18 a (≤66 % ee), followed by work-up with KOOH, gave the expected stereodiad product in 16% yield (d.r.~67:33). The comparable reaction using two exposures to (S)-D-18 d (≤90% ee) delivered the expected bisacetal containing stereodiad (R,R)-DD-48 in 40% yield (≥98% ee, d.r.=85:15). Double StReCH of 17 using (S)-D-18 d (≤90% ee) followed by (R)-D-18 d (≤90% ee) likewise gave (R,S)-DD-48 in 49% yield (≥97% ee, d.r.=79:21). (R,S)-DD-48 was converted to a dideuterated isotopomer of a synthetic intermediate in Corey's synthesis of 15.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chirality transfer in Brook rearrangement-mediated SE2′ solvolytic protonation and its use in estimation of the propensity for racemization of the α-lithiocarbanions of the substituents. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
8
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kei Takeda
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Wieczorek A, Hammerschmidt F. On the preparation and determination of configurational stability of chiral thio- and bromo[D1]methyllithiums. J Org Chem 2012; 77:10021-34. [PMID: 23106613 PMCID: PMC3557930 DOI: 10.1021/jo301441g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Thio- and bromo[D1]methyllithiums (ee 99%)
were generated
from the respective stannanes by tin–lithium exchange at temperatures
ranging from 0 to −95 °C. Thio[D1]methyllithiums 6 were found to be microscopically configurationally labile
on the time scale of the thiophosphate-α-mercaptophosphonate
rearrangement even at −95 °C. Thio[D1]methyllithiums 13a and 13b underwent a thia-[2,3]-Wittig rearrangement
down to −95 °C and 13b only down to −50
°C. The former were microscopically configurationally stable
below −95 °C, and the latter racemized completely at −50
°C. Chiral bromo[D1]methyllithiums are chemically
unstable at −78 °C but microscopically configurationally
stable at the time scale of their addition to benzaldehyde and acetophenone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wieczorek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bejjani J, Botuha C, Chemla F, Ferreira F, Magnus S, Pérez-Luna A. Metallotropic Equilibrium and Configurational Stability of 3-Chloro-1-(trimethylsilyl)propargyl and -allenyl Metals: Comparative Study among Lithium, Titanium, and Zinc. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300420q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bejjani
- UPMC-Univ Paris 06, UMR
CNRS 7201, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire (FR 2769), Case 183, 4 place Jussieu,
F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Candice Botuha
- UPMC-Univ Paris 06, UMR
CNRS 7201, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire (FR 2769), Case 183, 4 place Jussieu,
F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Fabrice Chemla
- UPMC-Univ Paris 06, UMR
CNRS 7201, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire (FR 2769), Case 183, 4 place Jussieu,
F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Franck Ferreira
- UPMC-Univ Paris 06, UMR
CNRS 7201, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire (FR 2769), Case 183, 4 place Jussieu,
F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Sarah Magnus
- UPMC-Univ Paris 06, UMR
CNRS 7201, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire (FR 2769), Case 183, 4 place Jussieu,
F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Luna
- UPMC-Univ Paris 06, UMR
CNRS 7201, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire (FR 2769), Case 183, 4 place Jussieu,
F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Louvel J, Chemla F, Demont E, Ferreira F, Pérez-Luna A, Voituriez A. Stereoselective Synthesis of syn-β-Amino Propargylic Ethers: Application to the Asymmetric Syntheses of (+)-β-Conhydrine and (−)-Balanol. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
13
|
Tomida Y, Nagaki A, Yoshida JI. Asymmetric Carbolithiation of Conjugated Enynes: A Flow Microreactor Enables the Use of Configurationally Unstable Intermediates before They Epimerize. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3744-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja110898s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Tomida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Philippitsch V, Hammerschmidt F. Rearrangement of lithiated S-alkyl O,O-dialkyl thiophosphates: Scope and stereochemistry of the thiophosphate–mercaptophosphonate rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5220-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
15
|
Ikemoto H, Sasaki M, Takeda K. Solvent Effects on the Steric Course of the [2,3]-Wittig Rearrangement of (S,E)-[3-(Allyloxy)prop-1-ene-1,3-diyl]dibenzene and Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
16
|
Capriati V, Florio S. Anatomy of long-lasting love affairs with lithium carbenoids: past and present status and future prospects. Chemistry 2010; 16:4152-62. [PMID: 20222089 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
After a long adolescence, the chemistry of lithium carbenoids has currently been entering its maturity bringing a dowry of a more in-depth and less empirical knowledge of the structure and configurational stability of such double-faced intermediates; this, thanks in particular to the synergistic and harmonic cooperation between calculations and the most modern NMR techniques now at our disposal. Such knowledge has stimulated the development of fruitful stereoselective applications in the field of organic synthesis, providing in addition a rationale to observed selectivities. Such aspects together with the role played by aggregation and solvation on the structure-reactivity relationship are highlighted throughout this Minireview with selected examples extracted from recent literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Capriati
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari Aldo Moro, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi C.I.N.M.P.I.S. Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Botuha C, Chemla F, Ferreira F, Louvel J, Pérez-Luna A. Allenylzincs and tert-butylsulfinylimines: a fruitful marriage for synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
18
|
Hoffmann RW. Test on the Configurational Stability/Lability of Organolithium Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/9783906390628.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
19
|
Sasaki M, Ikemoto H, Kawahata M, Yamaguchi K, Takeda K. [2,3]-Wittig Rearrangement of Enantiomerically Enriched 3-Substituted 1-Propenyloxy-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-yl Carbanions: Effect of Heteroatoms and Conjugating Groups on Planarization of an α-Oxy-Benzylcarbanion through a Double Bond. Chemistry 2009; 15:4663-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
20
|
Capriati V, Florio S, Luisi R, Perna FM, Spina A. 2-Lithio-3,3-dimethyl-2-oxazolinyloxirane: Carbanion or Azaenolate? Structure, Configurational Stability, and Stereodynamics in Solution. J Org Chem 2008; 73:9552-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801646e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Capriati
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Saverio Florio
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Renzo Luisi
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Perna
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Agnese Spina
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Metodologie e Processi Innovativi di Sintesi C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lange H, Bergander K, Fröhlich R, Kehr S, Nakamura S, Shibata N, Toru T, Hoppe D. Highly enantioselective reactions of configurationally labile epimeric diamine complexes of lithiated S-benzyl thiocarbamates. Chem Asian J 2008; 3:88-101. [PMID: 18067115 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Substitution reactions that employ primary-carbamoyl-protected arylmethanethiols are described. The enantiodetermining step was found to occur in the post-deprotonation step as a dynamic thermodynamic resolution with a chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand. The configurationally labile lithium complexes were trapped with various electrophiles to yield different substitution products in good to excellent yields and enantiomeric excesses. The absolute configurations of the substitution products were determined, and the stereochemical pathway of the substitution reaction was elucidated for different classes of electrophiles. The temperature-dependent epimerization process was monitored by 1H and 6Li NMR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Lange
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität, Westpfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Asymmetric lithiation of 2-alkynyl aryl sulfides—Enantio- and diastereoselective formation of allenyl aryl sulfides and their application in nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
23
|
Kapeller DC, Brecker L, Hammerschmidt F. Configurational Stability of Oxymethyllithiums as Intermediates in Intramolecular Rearrangements. Chemistry 2007; 13:9582-8. [PMID: 17868173 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Several homochiral oxymethyllithiums, chiral by virtue of the hydrogen isotopes protium and deuterium, were prepared. They were tested for their microscopic configurational stability in intramolecular isomerizations, such as the silyl- and germyl-[1,2]-retro-Brook and the sigmatropic[2,3]-Wittig rearrangement. The influence of temperature, solvent, and migrating group on the stability of the intermediate carbanions was studied. Furthermore, the stereochemical course of these rearrangements was elucidated, resulting in highly enantioenriched alcohols (90-97% ee; ee=enantiomeric excess) up to temperatures of 0 degrees C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar C Kapeller
- University of Vienna, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Währingerstr. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sonawane RP, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Fröhlich R, Bergander K, Hoppe D. Highly diastereoselective lithiation and substitution of an (S)-prolinyl thiocarbamate via sterically homogeneous lithio(thiocarbamate): synthesis of enantiomerically pure prolinethiols. Chemistry 2007; 13:6419-29. [PMID: 17503415 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Highly diastereoselective lithiation-substitution reactions of an (S)-proline derived S-alkyl thiocarbamate was accomplished. The configuration of the predominant alkyllithium species and the stereochemical course of the electrophilic substitution reactions are deduced by a combination of X-ray crystal structure analysis, NMR spectroscopic studies, deuteration/dedeuteration experiments, and quantum chemical calculations. The lithium intermediate (S,S)-9 was found to be kinetically and thermodynamically favoured, whereas (S,R)-9 rapidly epimerizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra P Sonawane
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Botuha C, Chemla F, Ferreira F, Pérez-Luna A, Roy B. Allenylzinc reagents: new trends and synthetic applications. NEW J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b706541h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
26
|
Pearlman BA, Putt SR, Fleming JA. Lithium Carbenoids−Ultra-Reactive Yet Selective Reagents for Methylenation and Halomethylenation of Sulfones1. J Org Chem 2006; 71:5646-57. [PMID: 16839145 DOI: 10.1021/jo060669+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first efficient, one-pot method for methylenation of p-toluyl sulfones (i.e., the transformation of p-MePhSO2CHR2 into R2CCH2) is described. Methods for effecting that transformation involving alkylation of sulfones with reagents of the general formula MCH2X, where M = SiMe3, SnR3, and MgCl (the Julia method) have been previously described. However, the silicon reagent is completely unreactive toward many sulfones, the tin reagent typically affords only moderate yields, and the magnesium reagent typically gives incomplete reaction (9-40% starting material). This article reports that excellent yields are obtained by alkylating the sulfone with the more ionic lithium methylene carbenoids (LiCH2X, where X = Cl, Br, and I). For example, treatment of sulfone 1 with 3 equiv of n-BuLi (THF, -100 degrees C) followed by 2 equiv of CH2Br2 affords olefin 2 in 96% yield. Although the carbenoid is generated in the presence of a 1:2 mixture of alpha-lithio-sulfone and n-BuLi, it reacts selectively with the alpha-lithio-sulfone (Krel = 9.6 +/- 0.8 with LiCH2Br). The chlorocarbenoid LiCH2Cl reacts somewhat less selectively (Krel = 3.5). The alkyl-substituted carbenoid n-BuCHBrLi reacts > or = 40 times more slowly than LiCH2Br, suggesting that olefination occurs by the SN2 mechanism rather than by metal-assisted ionization (MAI), the mechanism by which cyclopropyl and vinylidene carbenoids react with nucleophiles. Finally, sulfones can be transformed into vinyl halides by treatment with 3 equiv of n-BuLi (THF, -78 degrees C), followed by >2 equiv of diisopropylamine, followed by 3 equiv of dihalomethane (CH2X2, where X2 = Cl2, BrCl, Br2, or I2). All products are formed in high yield and purity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Pearlman
- Chemical Research and Development, 31073-091-201, Pfizer, Incorporated, 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001-0102, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sonawane RP, Fröhlich R, Hoppe D. Highly diastereoselective formation and reactions of a non-mesomerically stabilized, lithiated alpha-thiocarbanion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:3101-3. [PMID: 16855699 DOI: 10.1039/b604029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new class of non-mesomerically stabilized, unbranched, configurationally stable lithiated alpha-thiocarbanion has been synthesized and its stereospecific reactions with several electrophiles were investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra P Sonawane
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Klute W, Krüger M, Hoffmann RW. Chiral Organometallic Reagents, XX. An Enantiomerically Enriched (α‐Phenylselenoalkyl)magnesium Compound. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19961290607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Klute
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, D‐35302 Marburg
| | - Michael Krüger
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps‐Universität Marburg, D‐35302 Marburg
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ferreira F, Audouin M, Chemla F. Influence of HMPA on the Stereochemical Outcome of the Addition of a Racemic Allenylzinc onto Enantiopure N-tert-Butanesulfinimines: Stereoselective Access to Enantiopurecis-Ethynylaziridines. Chemistry 2005; 11:5269-78. [PMID: 15997436 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of 60 equivalents of HMPA, the condensation of the racemic allenylzinc derived from 1-chloro-3-trimethylsilylpropyne onto enantiopure non-alpha-branched N-tert-butanesulfinimines was proven to give access to the corresponding cis-ethynylaziridines as the major products. The good cis selectivity observed presumably resulted from a high kinetic resolution with the allenylzinc being partially configurationally labile with respect to the time scale defined by the rate of the reaction. Both single crystal X-ray analysis and semiempirical calculations conducted at the MM2 and AM1 levels of theory proved that the reaction certainly occurred through a preferred synclinal transition state in a supra- or antarafacial S(E)2' process. In all cases, chromatographic purification over silica gel allowed the cis-ethynyl-N-tert-butanesulfinylaziridines to be obtained as diastereo- and enantiomerically pure compounds (dr >98:2 and ee >99%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Ferreira
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, UMR 7611, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Tour 44-45, 2ème étage, Boîte 183, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Otte R, Fröhlich R, Wibbeling B, Hoppe D. Festkörperstruktur und enantioselektive Reaktionen eines 1-thiosubstituierten Propargyllithium-(−)-Spartein-Komplexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200501142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
31
|
Otte R, Fröhlich R, Wibbeling B, Hoppe D. Solid-State Structure and Enantioselective Reactions of a Complex of a 1-Thio-Substituted Propargyllithium and (−)-Sparteine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:5492-6. [PMID: 16044477 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Otte
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Knochel P, Dohle W, Gommermann N, Kneisel FF, Kopp F, Korn T, Sapountzis I, Vu VA. Highly functionalized organomagnesium reagents prepared through halogen-metal exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004; 42:4302-20. [PMID: 14502700 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200300579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 643] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Organomagnesium reagents occupy a central position in synthetic organic and organometallic chemistry. Recently, the halogen-magnesium exchange has considerably extended the range of functionalized Grignard reagents available for synthetic purposes. Functional groups such as esters, nitriles, iodides, imines, or even nitro groups can be present in a wide range of aromatic and heterocyclic organomagnesium reagents. Also various highly functionalized alkenyl magnesium species can be prepared. These recent developments as well as new applications of organomagnesium reagents in cross-coupling reactions and amination reactions will be covered in this Review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Toru T, Nakamura S. Enantioselective Synthesis by Lithiation Adjacent to Sulfur, Selenium or Phosphorus, or without an Adjacent Activating Heteroatom. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-36117-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
|
34
|
Marr F, Fröhlich R, Wibbeling B, Diedrich C, Hoppe D. The Synthesis and Configurational Stability of Enantioenriched α-Thioallyllithium Compounds and the Stereochemical Course of Their Electrophilic Substitution. European J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200209)2002:17<2970::aid-ejoc2970>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
35
|
Basu A, Thayumanavan S. Konfigurative Stabilität und Stereoinformationstransfer in Reaktionen Enantiomeren-angereicherter Organolithium-Reagentien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20020301)114:5<740::aid-ange740>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
36
|
Job A, Janeck CF, Bettray W, Peters R, Enders D. The SAMP-/RAMP-hydrazone methodology in asymmetric synthesis. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00080-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
37
|
Zhang Y, Guo H. SRN1 reaction of haloarenes with benzenethiolate, benzeneselenolate, and benzenetellurolate ions promoted by SmI2. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
38
|
Nakamura S, Nakagawa R, Watanabe Y, Toru T. Highly Enantioselective Reactions of Configurationally Labile α-Thioorganolithiums Using Chiral Bis(oxazoline)s via Two Different Enantiodetermining Steps. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja0025191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Nakamura
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakagawa
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Watanabe
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takeshi Toru
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Nakamura S, Nakagawa R, Watanabe Y, Toru T. Enantioselective Reactions of Configurationally Unstable α-Thiobenzyllithium Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(20000117)112:2<361::aid-ange361>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
41
|
Weisenburger GA, Faibish NC, Pippel DJ, Beak P. Temperature- and Electrophile-Dependent Stereocontrol: A Structural and Mechanistic Investigation of (−)-Sparteine-Mediated Asymmetric Lithiation−Substitution Sequences of N-Boc-N-(p-Methoxyphenyl)cinnamylamine. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9910560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald A. Weisenburger
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Neil C. Faibish
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Daniel J. Pippel
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Peter Beak
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
|
44
|
Pippel DJ, Curtis MD, Du H, Beak P. Complex-Induced Proximity Effects: Stereoselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation in Chiral Auxiliary Mediated beta-Lithiation-Substitution Sequences of beta-Substituted Secondary Carboxamides. J Org Chem 1998; 63:2-3. [PMID: 11674033 DOI: 10.1021/jo972042k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Pippel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hoppe D, Kaiser B, Stratmann O, Fröhlich R. Herstellung und Reaktionen einer hoch enantiomerenangereicherten, ungewöhnlich konfigurationsstabilen α-Benzylthiolithiumverbindung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971092412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
46
|
|
47
|
Hoppe D, Hense T. Enantioselektive Synthese mit Lithium/(−)-Spartein-Carbanion-Paaren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971092105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
48
|
Clayden* J, Pink JH. Configurational Stability and Stereospecificity in the Reactions of Amide-Stabilised Organolithiums: A Non-Stereospecific Tin-Lithium Exchange. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)00402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
49
|
Matsubara S, Yoshioka M, Utimoto K. Sm-vermittelte, hochstereoselektive Reaktionen von 1,1-Dihalogenalkanen mit Aldehyden – Herstellung eines chiralen α-Iodethyl-Synthesebausteins aus 1,1-Diiodetha. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971090615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
50
|
Gallagher DJ, Du H, Long SA, Beak P. Chiral Organolithium Complexes: The Structure of β-Lithiated β-Phenylcarboxamides and the Mechanism of Asymmetric Substitution in the Presence of (−)-Sparteine. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja962430o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald J. Gallagher
- Contribution from the Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Hua Du
- Contribution from the Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Scott A. Long
- Contribution from the Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Peter Beak
- Contribution from the Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| |
Collapse
|