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Ning C, Rui KH, Wei Y, Shi M. Rh(i)-catalyzed dimerization of ene-vinylidenecyclopropanes for the construction of spiro[4,5]decanes and mechanistic studies. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7310-7317. [PMID: 35799819 PMCID: PMC9214856 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06986a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rh(i) complex catalyzed dimerization of ene-vinylidenecyclopropanes took place smoothly to construct a series of products containing spiro[4,5]decane skeletons featuring a simple operation procedure, mild reaction conditions, and good functional group tolerance. In this paper, the combination of experimental and computational studies reveals a counterion-assisted Rh(i)-Rh(iii)-Rh(v)-Rh(iii)-Rh(i) catalytic cycle involving tandem oxidative cyclometallation/reductive elimination/selective oxidative addition/selective reductive elimination/reductive elimination steps; in addition, a pentavalent spiro-rhodium intermediate is identified as the key intermediate in this dimerization reaction upon DFT calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ning
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Kang-Hua Rui
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road No. 130 Shanghai 200237 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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2
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Rauscher N, Næsborg L, Jandl C, Bach T. Concise Total Synthesis of Agarozizanol B via a Strained Photocascade Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rauscher
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Line Næsborg
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
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3
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Rauscher N, Næsborg L, Jandl C, Bach T. Concise Total Synthesis of Agarozizanol B via a Strained Photocascade Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24039-24042. [PMID: 34519408 PMCID: PMC8596452 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The prezizane-type sesquiterpene agarozizanol B was synthesized employing a photochemical cascade reaction as the key step. Starting from a readily available 1-indanone with a tethered olefin, a strained tetracyclic skeleton was assembled which contained all carbon atoms of the sesquiterpene with the correct relative configuration. The conversion into the tricyclic prezizane skeleton was accomplished by a strategic cyclopropane bond cleavage. Prior to the cyclopropane ring opening an adaption of the oxidation state was required, which could be combined with a reductive resolution step. After removal of two functional groups, the natural product was obtained both in racemic form or, if resolved, as the (+)-enantiomer which was shown to be identical to the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rauscher
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Line Næsborg
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität MünchenSchool of Natural SciencesDepartment of Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterLichtenbergstrasse 485747GarchingGermany
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4
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Abstract
Metathesis reactions are one of the most reliable and prevalent ways of creating a C-C bond in synthesis. Photochemical variants exist, and they have proven extremely useful for the construction of complex molecules, from natural products to Möbius rings. A variety of starting materials can undergo photometathesis reactions, including alkenes, alkynes, carbonyls, thiocarbonyls, and ketenes. While many of these reactions proceed with UV light and require harsh conditions, a handful of new techniques for visible-light photometathesis reactions have appeared recently. Given the current developments in visible-light photocatalysis, we believe that many more visible light photometathesis reactions await discovery. In this first review on the subject of photometathesis, we have gathered the relevant literature to give the reader an in-depth understanding of the field, and to inspire further development and synthetic application of these fascinating reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya M Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Christian G Bochet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Wang J, Ma D. 6‐Methylenebicyclo[3.2.1]oct‐1‐en‐3‐one: A Twisted Olefin as Diels–Alder Dienophile for Expedited Syntheses of Four Kaurane Diterpenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Dawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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6
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Wang J, Ma D. 6‐Methylenebicyclo[3.2.1]oct‐1‐en‐3‐one: A Twisted Olefin as Diels–Alder Dienophile for Expedited Syntheses of Four Kaurane Diterpenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15731-15735. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Dawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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7
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Zhu C, Yang B, Mai BK, Palazzotto S, Qiu Y, Gudmundsson A, Ricke A, Himo F, Bäckvall JE. Highly Selective Palladium-Catalyzed Hydroborylative Carbocyclization of Bisallenes to Seven-Membered Rings. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14324-14333. [PMID: 30281287 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A highly selective palladium-catalyzed hydroborylative carbocyclization of bisallenes to afford seven-membered rings has been established. This ring-closing coupling reaction showed good functional group compatibility with high chemo- and regioselectivity, as seven-membered ring 3 was the only product obtained. The extensive use of different linkers, including nitrogen, oxygen, malononitrile, and malonate, showed a broad substrate scope for this approach. A one-pot cascade reaction was realized by trapping the primary allylboron compound with an aldehyde, affording a diastereomerically pure alcohol and a quaternary carbon center by formation of a new C-C bond. A comprehensive mechanistic DFT investigation is also presented. The calculations suggest that the reaction proceeds via a concerted hydropalladation pathway from a Pd(0)-olefin complex rather than via a pathway involving a defined palladium hydride species. The reaction was significantly accelerated by the coordination of the pendant olefin, as well as the introduction of suitable substituents in the bridge, due to the Thorpe-Ingold effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Sara Palazzotto
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Youai Qiu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Arnar Gudmundsson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Alexander Ricke
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Jan-E Bäckvall
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
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Akpınar DE, Özgür (Nee Yakut) M, Aslan H, Alagöz O, Öktemer A, Dal H, Hökelek T, Loğoğlu E. Synthesis, characterization, and investigations of antimicrobial activity of benzopyrans, benzofurans and spiro[4.5]decanes. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1509094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz E. Akpınar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Tandoğan, Ankara, TURKEY
| | | | - Hakan Aslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Tandoğan, Ankara, TURKEY
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Alagöz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Atilla Öktemer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Tandoğan, Ankara, TURKEY
| | - Hakan Dal
- Department of Chemistry, Anadolu University, Yenibağlar, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Tuncer Hökelek
- Department of Physics, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Loğoğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Gazi University, Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Zhang C, Jiang H, Zhu S. Gold-catalyzed ring-expansion through acyl migration to afford furan-fused polycyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2677-2680. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed ring-expansion reaction of alkynones to access furan-fused polycyclic compounds is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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10
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Zhu C, Yang B, Qiu Y, Bäckvall JE. Highly Selective Construction of Seven-Membered Carbocycles by Olefin-Assisted Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Carbocyclization-Alkoxycarbonylation of Bisallenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Youai Qiu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Jan-E. Bäckvall
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
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11
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Zhu C, Yang B, Qiu Y, Bäckvall JE. Highly Selective Construction of Seven-Membered Carbocycles by Olefin-Assisted Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Carbocyclization-Alkoxycarbonylation of Bisallenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14405-14408. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Youai Qiu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Jan-E. Bäckvall
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory; Stockholm University; Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Ydhyam
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Jin Kun Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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13
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Bennett NB, Stoltz BM. A unified approach to the daucane and sphenolobane bicyclo[5.3.0]decane core: enantioselective total syntheses of daucene, daucenal, epoxydaucenal B, and 14-para-anisoyloxydauc-4,8-diene. Chemistry 2013; 19:17745-50. [PMID: 24302464 PMCID: PMC3927641 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Access to the bicyclo[5.3.0]decane core found in the daucane and sphenolobane terpenoids via a key enone intermediate enables the enantioselective total syntheses of daucene, daucenal, epoxydaucenal B, and 14-para-anisoyloxydauc-4,8-diene. Central aspects include a catalytic asymmetric alkylation followed by a ring contraction and ring-closing metathesis to generate the five- and seven-membered rings, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan B. Bennett
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA), Fax: (+1) 626-395-8436
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 1200 E. California Blvd, MC 101-20, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA), Fax: (+1) 626-395-8436
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14
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Chuang CN, Chuang LW, Yeh MCP. Transition Metal Cation Salts in Organic Synthesis. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199500096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Liu HJ, Sun D, Shia KS. Polyene Cyclization Promoted by the Cross Conjugated α-Carbalkoxy Enone System. An Efficient Approach to Highly Functionalized Decalins. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199900062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Krebs M, Kalinowski M, Frey W, Claasen B, Baro A, Schobert R, Laschat S. Tricyclic challenges: synthetic approaches toward dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]indenes. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Expeditious synthesis of N-bridged heterocycles via dipolar cycloaddition of pentafulvenes with 3-oxidopyridinium betaines. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Kotha S, Chavan AS, Dipak MK. Synthetic approach to cis and trans-decalins via Diels—Alder reaction and ring-closing metathesis as key steps: further extension to dioxapropellane derivative by ring-closing metathesis. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Stoltz B, Motherwell W. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(10)01735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Yamada T, Udagawa T, Sakai S. Driving force of metallo (Mg-H and Mg-Cl)-ene reaction mechanisms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:3799-805. [PMID: 20358073 DOI: 10.1039/b925166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential-energy surfaces of the metallo-ene reactions of allyl-MgH and allyl-MgCl with ethylene were studied using ab initio molecular-orbital (MO) methods. The concerted path and the stepwise path of the metallo-ene reactions of allyl-MgH and allyl-MgCl with ethylene were identified and it was determined that the energy barriers on concerted paths of the metallo-ene reactions of allyl-MgH and allyl-MgCl with ethylene are lower than those on the stepwise paths. Furthermore, the concerted path of the metallo-ene reaction of allyl-MgCl with ethylene is more favorable than that of the allyl-MgH reaction system. The reaction mechanisms were analyzed using a CiLC method on the basis of CASSCF MOs. The driving force for the concerted path reactions arises from the migration process of the metal. The difference between the reactivity of allyl-MgH and allyl-MgCl can be explained with the reaction mechanism on the basis of the driving force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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22
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23
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Singh V, Singh RB, Mobin SM. Simple, Efficient, and Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Spiro[4.5]decane and Spiro[5.5]undecane Systems. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802369679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Fleming FF, Gudipati S. Cyclic Metalated Nitriles: Stereoselective Cyclizations to cis- and trans-Hydrindanes, Decalins, and Bicyclo[4.3.0]undecanes. European J Org Chem 2008; 2008:10.1002/ejoc.200800715. [PMID: 24260015 PMCID: PMC3831376 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Metalated nitriles are nucleophilic chameleons whose precise identity is determined by the nature of the metal, the solvent, the temperature, and the structure of the nitrile. The review surveys the different structural types and their cyclization trajectories to show how to selectively tune the metalated nitrile geometry for stereoselective cyclizations to a variety of cis or trans hydrindanes, decalins, and bicyclo[4.3.0]undecanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser F. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mellon Hall, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh PA 15282-1530, USA
| | - Subramanyham Gudipati
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, N.J. 07033-0530, USA Fax: +1-908-740-7441
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25
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Sakai S, Hikida T. Theoretical studies of metallo (Li and Na)-ene reaction mechanisms. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:10985-92. [PMID: 18839936 DOI: 10.1021/jp806506g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reaction mechanisms of allyl-lithium and allyl-sodium with ethylene were studied by ab initio molecular orbital (MO) methods. The reaction mechanisms were analyzed by a CiLC-IRC method on the basis of ab initio CASSCF MOs. The ene reaction pathways of allyl-Li and allyl-Na with ethylene were located. The complex between allyl-metal and ethylene for both systems is found in the first step of the reaction, and then the metal migration and new C-C bond formation occur synchronously through the transition state. The complexation energies are -13.2 and -9.6 kcal/mol for Li and Na systems, respectively. The activation energy barriers from the reactants are 3.5 kcal/mol for the Li system and 2.0 kcal/mol for the Na system at the MRMP2 calculation level. These barriers are significantly lower than that of the ene reaction of propene with ethylene as the parent reaction. The CiLC-IRC analysis shows that the reaction of allyl-metal with ethylene is a concerted ene reaction mechanism, not a metal catalysis and/or a stepwise reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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26
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Chou HH, Wu HM, Wu JD, Ly TW, Jan NW, Shia KS, Liu HJ. Polyene Cyclization Promoted by the Cross-Conjugated α-Carbalkoxy Enone System. Observation on a Putative 1,5-Hydride/1,3-Alkyl Shift under Lewis Acid Catalysis. Org Lett 2007; 10:121-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol702631q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C., Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, and Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Huang-Min Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C., Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, and Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jen-Dar Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C., Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, and Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tai Wei Ly
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C., Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, and Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ning-Wei Jan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C., Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, and Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kak-Shan Shia
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C., Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, and Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsing-Jang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C., Actimis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10835 Road to the Cure, Suite 200, San Diego, California 92121, and Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Zhuzbaev BT, Adekenov SM, Veselovsky VV. Approaches to the total synthesis of sesquiterpenoids of the guaiane series. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc1995v064n02abeh000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Oare DA, Heathcock CH. Stereochemistry of the Base-Promoted Michael Addition Reaction. TOPICS IN STEREOCHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470147283.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Sakai S. Theoretical Studies on the Ene Reaction Mechanisms of Propene and Cyclopropene with Ethylene and Cyclopropene: Concerted or Stepwise. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:12891-9. [PMID: 17125306 DOI: 10.1021/jp064588t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The potential energy surfaces of the ene reactions of propene and cyclopropene with ethylene and cyclopropene were studied by ab initio molecular orbital (MO) methods. The reaction mechanisms were analyzed by CiLC method on the basis of CASSCF MOs. The concerted and stepwise reaction pathways of the ene reaction of propene with ethylene as the parent reaction were located. The energy barrier of the stepwise process is about 4 kcal/mol lower than that of the concerted one. The other reactions can be found only the stepwise mechanism. Although the endo-type reaction of propene with cyclopropene, where cyclopropene is the enophile, probably occurs through a one-step process, the mechanism is divided into the CC bond formations and the hydrogen migration as a stepwise reaction. The CiLC-IRC analysis of the concerted process of propene with ethylene shows the different patterns of the electronic state variation for the CC bond formation/breaking and the hydrogen migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Föhlisch B, Flogaus R, Henle GH, Sendelbach S, Henkel S. Synthetic Approaches to Hydroazulenes and Guaianes through [4 + 3] Cycloadditions of Oxyallyl Intermediates. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kaliappan KP, Nandurdikar RS, Shaikh MM. A tandem enyne/ring closing metathesis approach to the synthesis of novel angularly fused dioxa-triquinanes. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fleming FF, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Steward OW. Cyclic Alkenenitriles: Synthesis, Conjugate Addition, and Stereoselective Annulation. J Org Chem 2003; 68:7646-50. [PMID: 14510537 DOI: 10.1021/jo0345291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
O-Alkylation of unsaturated silyl cyanohydrins with DMSO-Ac2O triggers a rearrangement to methylthiomethyl-protected hydroxyalkenenitriles that are easily hydrolyzed for subsequent annulations with omega-chloroalkyl Grignard reagents. Deprotonating the gamma-hydroxyalkenenitriles with t-BuMgCl followed by addition of omega-chloroalkyl Grignard reagents triggers a conjugate addition-alkylation sequence leading exclusively to cis-octalins, hydrindanes, and decalins. Stereoelectronic control favors an axial conjugate addition leading to a particularly reactive conformer that rapidly cyclizes to cis-fused bicyclic nitriles, whereas generating the ring-flipped conformer, through a stepwise sequence, allows access to the diastereomeric trans-decalin. Collectively, the rearrangement-annulation sequence represents the first general annulation of alkenenitriles to assemble diverse bicyclic nitriles with complete control over the two newly installed stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser F Fleming
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282-1530, USA.
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Fleming FF, Shook BC, Jiang T, Steward OW. β-Siloxy unsaturated nitriles: stereodivergent cyclizations to cis- and trans-decalins. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Zhang X, Guzi T, Pettus L, Schultz AG. A 6-exo-trig radical cyclization approach to the hydrochrysene skeleton. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Fleming FF, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Steward OW. Alkenenitriles: annulations with omega-chloro Grignard reagents. Org Lett 2002; 4:2493-5. [PMID: 12123359 DOI: 10.1021/ol0261175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] omega-Chloro Grignard reagents chelate with cyclic gamma-hydroxy-alpha,beta-alkenenitriles to trigger a conjugate addition-alkylation annulation. The chelation-controlled conjugate addition-alkylation is the first anionic annulation with alpha, beta-alkenenitriles, providing cis bicyclo[3.3.0]octane, hydrindane, and decalin ring systems in a single synthetic operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser F Fleming
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282-1530, USA.
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Montaña ÁM, Fernández D. Enantioselective synthesis of trans-fused bicyclo[5.3.0]decane systems via a tandem [4+3] cycloaddition-Nicholás reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01336-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Koiwa M, Hareau GPJ, Morizono D, Sato F. Synthesis of optically active 6-amino-2-cycloheptenone as a convenient chiral building block for the preparation of 6-alkyl-2-cycloheptenone. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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42
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Intramolecular Friedel-Crafts alkylation promoted by the cross conjugated β-keto ester system. An efficient approach to highly functionalized hydrophenanthrenes and hydrochrysenes. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00658-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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Regio- and stereoselective rearrangement reactions of various α,β-epoxy acylates: Suitable combination of acyl groups and Lewis acids. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Iwasawa N, Funahashi M, Hayakawa S, Ikeno T, Narasaka K. Synthesis of Medium-Sized Bicyclic Compounds by Intramolecular Cyclization of Cyclicβ-Keto Radicals Generated from Cyclopropanols Using Manganese(III) Tris(pyridine-2-carboxylate) and Its Application to Total Synthesis of 10-Isothiocyanatoguaia-6-ene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1999. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.72.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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[3+4] annulation between rhodium-stabilized vinylcarbenoids and dienes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1052-2077(99)80006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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46
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Singh V, Prathap S, Porinchu M. Aromatics to Triquinanes: p-Cresol to (±)-Δ9(12)-Capnellene. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo980064g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwakarma Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Bombay 400 076
| | - S. Prathap
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Bombay 400 076
| | - M. Porinchu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Bombay 400 076
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Singh V, Thomas B. Recent developments in general methodologies for the synthesis of linear triquinanest. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Kantorowski EJ, Borhan B, Nazarian S, Kurth MJ. Cyclopropylcarbinyl radical-mediated ring expansion to seven-membered carbocycles. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)00311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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50
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Hong BC, Hong JH. Sequential “double-Michael” additions of dienolates to fulvene: Rapid access to the tricyclo[5.3.0.n2,5]alkane systems. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(96)02275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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