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Zhu F, Powell WC, Jing R, Walczak MA. Organometallic Ala M Reagents for Umpolung Peptide Diversification. CHEM CATALYSIS 2021; 1:870-884. [PMID: 34738092 PMCID: PMC8562471 DOI: 10.1016/j.checat.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Selective modifications of peptides and proteins have emerged as a promising strategy to develop novel mechanistic probes and prepare compounds with translational potentials. Here, we report alanine carbastannatranes AlaSn as a universal synthon in various C-C and C-heteroatom bond-forming reactions. These reagents are compatible with peptide manipulation techniques and can undergo chemoselective conjugation in minutes when promoted by Pd(0). Despite their increased nucleophilicity and propensity to transfer the alkyl group, C(sp3)-C(sp2) coupling with AlaSn can be accomplished at room temperature under buffered conditions (pH 6.5-8.5). We also show that AlaSn can be easily transformed into several canonical L- and D-amino acids in arylation, acylation, and etherification reactions. Furthermore, AlaSn can partake in macrocyclizations exemplified by the synthesis of medium size cyclic peptides with various topologies. Taken together, metalated alanine AlaSn demonstrates unparalleled scope and represents a new type of umpolung reagents suitable for structure-activity relationship studies and peptide diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. C
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Wyatt C. Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Ruiheng Jing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - Maciej A. Walczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
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2
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Perspective: Reflections on a career in synthetic organic chemistry, 1970 to 2020. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Al-Harrasi A, Avula SK, Das B, Csuk R, Al-Rawahi A. Total Synthesis of Surinamensinols A and B. SYNOPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAn efficient total synthesis of the naturally occurring anti-inflammatory and antitumour 8-O-4′-neolignans, surinamensinols A and B, has been accomplished from commercially available allyl alcohol and (S)-ethyl lactate. The synthetic sequence involves a palladium-catalysed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction followed by a chiral Mitsunobu reaction as the key steps. This is the first report of the simultaneous stereoselective total synthesis of surinamensinols A and B through a single approach involving only six steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa
| | | | - Biswanath Das
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa
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Arribat M, Rémond E, Richeter S, Gerbier P, Clément S, Cavelier F. Silole Amino Acids with Aggregation-Induced Emission Features Synthesized by Hydrosilylation. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Arribat
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247, CNRS; Université de Montpellier; ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Emmanuelle Rémond
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247, CNRS; Université de Montpellier; ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, ICGM, UMR 5253, CNRS; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon; 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Philippe Gerbier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, ICGM, UMR 5253, CNRS; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon; 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, ICGM, UMR 5253, CNRS; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon; 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Florine Cavelier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, UMR 5247, CNRS; Université de Montpellier; ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 France
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Bollans L, Bacsa J, O’Farrell DA, Waterson S, Stachulski AV. Syntheses of structurally diverse amino acids, including δ-hydroxylysine, using the acyl nitroso Diels–Alder reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Xia Z, Draper JM, Smith CD. Improved synthesis of a fluorogenic ceramidase substrate. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1003-9. [PMID: 20085856 PMCID: PMC2841511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2009] [Revised: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Substantial interest has focused on the roles of sphingolipid metabolizing enzymes in a variety of hyperproliferative and inflammatory diseases. A key family of enzymes involved in these pathologies is the ceramidases. Ceramidases cleave the pro-apoptotic lipid ceramide into a long-chain fatty acid and sphingosine, which can then be further metabolized to the mitogenic and inflammatory lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate. Consequently, development of ceramidase inhibitors would provide useful pharmacologic probes for further studies of sphingolipid metabolism, as well as lead compounds for drug development. This effort has been hampered by the lack of in vitro and cellular ceramidase assays that are amenable to high-throughput screening. Recently, a fluorogenic ceramide analog has been described as a substrate for use in ceramidase assays. The synthesis of this compound has now been substantially improved in terms of both the required effort and the overall yield of the process. Key improvements include: reduction in number of required steps, use of a hydroboration reaction; incorporation of a Mitsunobu reaction; improved acylation by the addition of triethylamine; together providing a fourfold increase in the overall yield. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the ceramide analog can be used in high-throughput assays to identify ceramidase inhibitors. Overall, the improved efficiency in the preparation of this ceramidase substrate should accelerate discovery efforts relating to sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles D. Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, MSC 140, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
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Lebel H, Ladjel C, Bréthous L. Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions in One-Pot Multicatalytic Processes. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:13321-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja0733235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Lebel
- Contribution from the Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Chehla Ladjel
- Contribution from the Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Lise Bréthous
- Contribution from the Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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Kaiser PF, Churches QI, Hutton CA. Organoboron Reagents in the Preparation of Functionalized ?-Amino Acids. Aust J Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/ch07103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, major advances in the preparation and utilization of organoboron reagents have been applied to virtually all areas of organic synthesis. The present review collates recent examples of the use of organoboron reagents in the synthesis of α-amino acids and their derivatives. Aryl- and alkenylboronic acids have been used in the asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids through conjugate addition to unsaturated amino acids and the Petasis three-component coupling reaction. Additionally, α-amino acid derivatives with organoboron functionality on the side-chain have been prepared and used in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to prepare cross-linked amino acids and complex cyclic peptide natural products.
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Berkowitz DB, Charette BD, Karukurichi KR, McFadden JM. α-Vinylic Amino Acids: Occurrence, Asymmetric Synthesis and Biochemical Mechanisms. TETRAHEDRON, ASYMMETRY 2006; 17:869-882. [PMID: 29977107 PMCID: PMC6029878 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This report presents an overview of the family of naturally occurring 'vinylic' amino acids, namely those that feature a C-C double bond directly attached to the α-carbon, along the side chain. Strategies that have been brought to bear on the stereocontrolled synthesis of these olefinic amino acids are surveyed. The mechanistic diversity by which such 'vinylic triggers' can be actuated in a PLP (pyridoxal phosphate) enzyme active site is then highlighted by discussions of vinylglycine (VG), its substituted congeners, particularly AVG [4E-(2'-aminoethoxy)vinylglycine], and a naturally occurring VG-progenitor, SMM (S-methylmethionine).
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304
| | | | | | - Jill M McFadden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304
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Barfoot CW, Harvey JE, Kenworthy MN, Kilburn JP, Ahmed M, Taylor RJ. Highly functionalised organolithium and organoboron reagents for the preparation of enantiomerically pure α-amino acids. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Applied Suzuki cross-coupling reaction for syntheses of biologically active compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-3158(06)80004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Kaiser J, Kinderman SS, van Esseveldt BCJ, van Delft FL, Schoemaker HE, Blaauw RH, Rutjes FPJT. Synthetic applications of aliphatic unsaturated α-H-α-amino acids. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:3435-67. [PMID: 16172678 DOI: 10.1039/b507973j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the literature concerning synthetic applications of unsaturated aliphatic amino acids in the period May 2000 to December 2004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Kaiser
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Toernooiveld 1, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Krebs A, Ludwig V, Pfizer J, Dürner G, Göbel MW. Enantioselective synthesis of non-natural aromatic alpha-amino acids. Chemistry 2004; 10:544-53. [PMID: 14735523 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200305421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We present two complementary methods for the stereoselective synthesis of non-natural alpha-amino acids with aromatic or heteroaromatic side chains. One approach is based on the chemical transformation of methionine, whereas the other applies the stereoselective Myers alkylation of glycine. The resulting product types differ in the linker length between glycine and the aromatic substituent. Since methionine and pseudoephedrine are available in both absolute configurations, R- or S-configured enantiopure amino acids with either C(2) or C(3) linkers can be obtained on gram scales. In each case the key step of the synthesis is hydroboration of the unsaturated building blocks 9 and 17, followed by palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling with aryl halides. Attention must in certain cases be paid to the stereochemical integrity when basic Suzuki conditions are applied. Our initial difficulties are reported as well as the final "racemization-proof" procedures. The protecting groups chosen for the alpha-amino acids should be compatible with solid-phase peptide synthesis. This was confirmed by the successful synthesis of a series of tripeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Krebs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Marie-Curie Strasse 11, 60439 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Harvey JE, Kenworthy MN, Taylor RJ. Synthesis of non-proteinogenic phenylalanine analogues by Suzuki cross-coupling of a serine-derived alkyl boronic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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The hetero-Diels–Alder addition of ethyl 2-nitrosoacrylate to electron-rich alkenes as a route to unnatural α-amino acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)00836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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