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Wang Y, Feng X, Cao J, Zheng X, Gong X, Yu W, Wang M, Shi S. Metal-Free Activation of Molecular Oxygen by 9-Fluorenone-Based Porous Organic Polymers for Selective Aerobic Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319139. [PMID: 38129314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen activation is a critical step in heterogeneous oxidative processes, particularly in catalytic, electrolytic, and pharmaceutical applications. Among the various catalysts available for photocatalytic O2 activation, homogeneous aryl ketones are at the forefront. To avoid the degradation and deactivation of aryl ketones, 9-fluorenone-based porous organic polymers were designed and regulated by doping them with co-monomers. The obtained heterogeneous photocatalyst showed good performance in O2 activation, and its performance was better than that of homogeneous 9-fluorenone. The obtained heterogeneous photocatalyst showed good reusability. We believe that the presented method and findings represent an important step toward designing catalysts tailored for specific tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jieqi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xinbin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Song Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
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Capaldo L, Ravelli D, Fagnoni M. Direct Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) for Aliphatic C-H Bonds Elaboration. Chem Rev 2021; 122:1875-1924. [PMID: 34355884 PMCID: PMC8796199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Direct photocatalyzed
hydrogen atom transfer (d-HAT) can be considered
a method of choice for the elaboration of
aliphatic C–H bonds. In this manifold, a photocatalyst (PCHAT) exploits the energy of a photon to trigger the homolytic
cleavage of such bonds in organic compounds. Selective C–H
bond elaboration may be achieved by a judicious choice of the hydrogen
abstractor (key parameters are the electronic character and the molecular
structure), as well as reaction additives. Different are the classes
of PCsHAT available, including aromatic ketones, xanthene
dyes (Eosin Y), polyoxometalates, uranyl salts, a metal-oxo porphyrin
and a tris(amino)cyclopropenium radical dication. The processes (mainly
C–C bond formation) are in most cases carried out under mild
conditions with the help of visible light. The aim of this review
is to offer a comprehensive survey of the synthetic applications of
photocatalyzed d-HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Capaldo
- Flow Chemistry Group, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Davide Ravelli
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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3
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Hayakawa M, Shirota H, Hirayama S, Yamada R, Aoyama T, Ouchi A. Sunlight-induced C C bond formation reaction: Radical addition of alcohols/ethers/acetals to olefins. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Hayakawa M, Shimizu R, Omori H, Shirota H, Uchida K, Mashimo H, Xu H, Yamada R, Niino S, Wakame Y, Liu C, Aoyama T, Ouchi A. Photochemical addition of cyclic ethers/acetals to olefins using BuOO Bu: Synthesis of masked ketones/aldehydes and diols. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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C1 Oxidation/C2 Reduction Isomerization of Unprotected Aldoses Induced by Light/Ketone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2755-2759. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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6
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Masuda Y, Tsuda H, Murakami M. C1 Oxidation/C2 Reduction Isomerization of Unprotected Aldoses Induced by Light/Ketone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Masuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryKyoto University, Katsura Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiromu Tsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryKyoto University, Katsura Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryKyoto University, Katsura Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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7
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Abadie B, Jardel D, Pozzi G, Toullec P, Vincent JM. Dual Benzophenone/Copper-Photocatalyzed Giese-Type Alkylation of C(sp 3 )-H Bonds. Chemistry 2019; 25:16120-16127. [PMID: 31595555 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalyzed Giese-type alkylations of C(sp3 )-H bonds are very attractive reactions in the context of atom-economy in C-C bond formation. The main limitation of such reactions is that when using highly polymerizable olefin acceptors, such as unsubstituted acrylates, acrylonitrile, or methyl vinyl ketone, radical polymerization often becomes the dominant or exclusive reaction pathway. Herein, we report that the polymerization of such olefins is strongly limited or suppressed when combining the photocatalytic activity of benzophenone (BP) with a catalytic amount of Cu(OAc)2 . Under mild and operationally simple conditions, the Giese adducts resulting from the C(sp3 )-H functionalization of amines, alcohols, ethers, and cycloalkanes could be synthesized. Preliminary mechanistic studies have revealed that the reaction does not proceed through a radical chain, but through a dual BP/Cu photocatalytic process, in which both CuII and low-valent CuI/0 species, generated in situ by reduction by the BP ketyl radical, may react with α-keto or α-cyano intermediate radicals, thus preventing polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Abadie
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Damien Jardel
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM), via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrick Toullec
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Jean-Marc Vincent
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
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8
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Zhu K, Ohtani T, Tripathi CB, Uraguchi D, Ooi T. Formal Hydroformylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids under Photoexcited Ketone Catalysis. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kailong Zhu
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ohtani
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Chandra Bhushan Tripathi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Daisuke Uraguchi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Ooi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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9
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García-Santos WH, Mateus-Ruiz JB, Cordero-Vargas A. Visible-Light Photocatalytic Preparation of 1,4-Ketoaldehydes and 1,4-Diketones from α-Bromoketones and Alkyl Enol Ethers. Org Lett 2019; 21:4092-4096. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William H. García-Santos
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Jeferson B. Mateus-Ruiz
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Cordero-Vargas
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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10
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Tong M, Wang S, Zhuang J, Qin C, Li H, Wang W. Direct Access of the Chiral Quinolinyl Core of Cinchona Alkaloids via a Brønsted Acid and Chiral Amine Co-catalyzed Chemo- and Enantioselective α-Alkylation of Quinolinylmethanols with Enals. Org Lett 2018; 20:1195-1199. [PMID: 29411985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the facile construction of the chiral quinolinylmethanolic structure, a core featured in cinchona alkaloids, is reported. A new reactivity is harnessed by TfOH-promoted chemoselective activation of α-C-H over O-H bond in quinolinylmethanols. The new reactivity is successfully engineered with an iminium catalysis in a synergistic manner to create a powerful conjugate addition-cyclization cascade process for synthesis of chiral quinoline derived γ-butyrolactones in good yields and with good to excellent enantioselectivities. The method enables the first total synthesis of natural product broussonetine in three steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Sinan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jinchen Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Mei-long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001, United States
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11
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Li Y, Li JX, Ouyang XH, Wang QA, Li JH. Manganese-Catalyzed Intermolecular Oxidative Annulation of Alkynes with γ-Vinyl Aldehydes: An Entry to Bridged Carbocyclic Systems. Org Lett 2017; 19:6172-6175. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key
Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and
Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jin-Xia Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key
Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and
Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Xuan-Hui Ouyang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key
Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and
Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Qiu-An Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key
Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and
Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Abstract
Photoexcited ketones have diradical characteristics and are functionally similar to high-spin metal-oxo species that are frequently used to catalyze C-H oxidation. First discovered by Yang in 1958, photoexcited ketones can abstract a hydrogen atom from hydrocarbons inter- or intramolecularly. Coupling with atom-transfer, group-transfer, or radical addition, the Yang reaction can be used to achieve various types of C-H functionalization. We provide in this article an overview of triplet ketone-mediated or catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuo Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA.
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13
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Keiko NA, Vchislo NV. α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes in the Synthesis of Five‐Membered Heterocyclic Compounds with One Heteroatom: Recent Advances from Developments in Metal‐ and Organocatalysis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. A. Keiko
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of ChemistrySiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Street 664033 Irkutsk Russian Federation
| | - N. V. Vchislo
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of ChemistrySiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Street 664033 Irkutsk Russian Federation
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Moteki SA, Usui A, Selvakumar S, Zhang T, Maruoka K. Metal-free C-H bond activation of branched aldehydes with a hypervalent iodine(III) catalyst under visible-light photolysis: successful trapping with electron-deficient olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11060-4. [PMID: 25155904 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Direct acyl radical formation of linear aldehydes (RCH2-CHO) and subsequent hydroacylation with electron-deficient olefins can be effected with various types of metal and nonmetal catalysts/reagents. In marked contrast, however, no successful reports on the use of branched aldehydes have been made thus far because of their strong tendency of generating alkyl radicals through the facile decarbonylation of acyl radicals. Here, use of a hypervalent iodine(III) catalyst under visible light photolysis allows a mild way of generating acyl radicals from various branched aldehydes, thereby giving the corresponding hydroacylated products almost exclusively. Another characteristic feature of this approach is the catalytic use of hypervalent iodine(III) reagent, which is a rare example on the generation of radicals in hypervalent iodine chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin A Moteki
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry and Special Laboratory of Organocatalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)
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15
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Moteki SA, Usui A, Selvakumar S, Zhang T, Maruoka K. Metal-Free CH Bond Activation of Branched Aldehydes with a Hypervalent Iodine(III) Catalyst under Visible-Light Photolysis: Successful Trapping with Electron-Deficient Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
In the reactions reviewed, an organic molecule under irradiation catalyzes a chemical reaction. The activation is based either on hydrogen or on electron transfer. Commonly used photoorganocatalysts are aromatic ketones, quinones, heterocycles, dyes; intermediates formed are radicals, radical ions and ions from precursors such as alkanes, alkenes, amines, ethers etc. Oxidation (mainly oxygenation) and reduction processes are obtained along with the α-functionalization of amines and ketones, conjugate additions, cycloadditions etc. The key characteristic of the method is the smooth generation of highly reactive intermediates under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ravelli
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V.Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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17
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The reaction of photochemically generated α-hydroxyalkyl radicals with alkynes: a synthetic route to γ-butenolides. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Fagnoni M, Dondi D, Ravelli D, Albini A. Photocatalysis for the Formation of the C−C Bond. Chem Rev 2007; 107:2725-56. [PMID: 17530909 DOI: 10.1021/cr068352x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 570] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Fagnoni
- Department of Organic Chemistry, The University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Esposti S, Dondi D, Fagnoni M, Albini A. Acylation of Electrophilic Olefins through Decatungstate-Photocatalyzed Activation of Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Esposti S, Dondi D, Fagnoni M, Albini A. Acylation of Electrophilic Olefins through Decatungstate-Photocatalyzed Activation of Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:2531-4. [PMID: 17318938 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Esposti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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21
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Highly stereoselective bioreduction and one-way isomerization of 2-alkyl-4,4,4-trichloro-2-butenals. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Dondi D, Cardarelli AM, Fagnoni M, Albini A. Photomediated synthesis of β-alkylketones from cycloalkanes. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Doohan RA, Hannan JJ, Geraghty NWA. The photomediated reaction of alkynes with cycloalkanes. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:942-52. [PMID: 16493478 DOI: 10.1039/b517631j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of a photomediator such as benzophenone, alkynes with electron-withdrawing groups react with cycloalkanes to give vinyl cycloalkanes. The reaction involves the regiospecific addition of a photochemically generated cycloalkyl radical to the beta-carbon of the alkyne. The stereochemical outcome of the reaction depends on the nature of the photomediator and alkyne used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roísín A Doohan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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24
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Geraghty NWA, Lally A. The rapid photomediated alkenylation of 2-alkyl-1,3-dioxolanes with alkynes: a stereoelectronically assisted chain reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:4300-2. [PMID: 17047847 DOI: 10.1039/b608979h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photomediated reaction of alkynes such as DMAD with 1,3-dioxolanes leads to remarkably rapid alkenylation; evidence is presented that these reactions occur via a chain mechanism.
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