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Yoshida M, Sasahara KI, Doi T. Total synthesis of cyclodepsipeptide spiruchostatin A on silyl-linked polymer-support. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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2
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Lay M, Bannwarth W. Synthesis of ‘head-to-tail’ cyclized peptides on solid support using a chelating amide as new orthogonal protecting group. J Pept Sci 2015; 21:461-6. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Lay
- Organische Chemie; Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Willi Bannwarth
- Organische Chemie; Universität Freiburg; Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Isidro-Llobet
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Vázquez O, Blanco-Canosa JB, Vázquez ME, Martínez-Costas J, Castedo L, Mascareñas JL. Efficient DNA binding and nuclear uptake by distamycin derivatives conjugated to octa-arginine sequences. Chembiochem 2009; 9:2822-9. [PMID: 18942688 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Efficient targeting of DNA by designed molecules requires not only careful fine-tuning of their DNA-recognition properties, but also appropriate cell internalization of the compounds so that they can reach the cell nucleus in a short period of time. Previous observations in our group on the relatively high affinity displayed by conjugates between distamycin derivatives and bZIP basic regions for A-rich DNA sites, led us to investigate whether the covalent attachment of a positively charged cell-penetrating peptide to a distamycin-like tripyrrole might yield high affinity DNA binders with improved cell internalization properties. Our work has led to the discovery of synthetic tripyrrole-octa-arginine conjugates that are capable of targeting specific DNA sites that contain A-rich tracts with low nanomolar affinity; they simultaneously exhibit excellent membrane and nuclear translocation properties in living HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalla Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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5
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Vázquez O, Vázquez ME, Blanco JB, Castedo L, Mascareñas JL. Specific DNA recognition by a synthetic, monomeric Cys2His2 zinc-finger peptide conjugated to a minor-groove binder. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6886-90. [PMID: 17674388 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olalla Vázquez
- Department de Química Orgánica y Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Facultade de Química, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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6
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Vázquez O, Vázquez M, Blanco J, Castedo L, Mascareñas J. Specific DNA Recognition by a Synthetic, Monomeric Cys2His2 Zinc-Finger Peptide Conjugated to a Minor-Groove Binder. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Synergic effect of hydride and proton donors in the Pd(0)-mediated deprotection of Nα-Aloc proline derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Jung N, Wiehn M, Bräse S. Multifunctional Linkers for Combinatorial Solid Phase Synthesis. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2007_118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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9
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Synthetic Approaches to Disulfide-free Circular Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor (c-BPTI) Analogues. Int J Pept Res Ther 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-006-9023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Tulla-Puche J, Barany G. Development of resin-to-resin transfer reactions (RRTR) using Sonogashira chemistry. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Obrecht D, Lehmann C, Ruffieux R, Schönholzer P, Müller K. Novel open-chain and cyclic conformationally constrained (R)- and (S)-α,α-disubstituted tyrosine analogues. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19950780613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Pichon N, Harrison-Marchand A, Mailliet P, Maddaluno J. Diastereoselective Syntheses of New Analogues of the Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor RPR 130401. J Org Chem 2004; 69:7220-7. [PMID: 15471472 DOI: 10.1021/jo049037i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The access to several benzo[f]perhydroisoindolic analogues of farnesyltransferase inhibitors from a single dienic precursor is reported. An initial [4 + 2] cycloaddition between diphenylisobenzofuran6 and pyrrolines 11, 14, and 15 led to either the syn or the anti isomers, depending on the mode of activation of the cycloaddition. The syn diastereomers were isolated in 90% de under 12 kbar at room temperature, while their anti counterparts were obtained with the same selectivity by warming the reaction mixture to 110 degrees C in toluene at atmospheric pressure. Both syn and anti adducts were separately N-deprotected, and the resulting amines reacted with an activated ester derived from the acid (20) to afford the final targets (5). Two new analogues (5a and 5b) of the FT inhibitor RPR 130401 were thus synthesized in a mere three-step synthetic scheme with overall yields from 30 to 60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pichon
- Laboratoire des Fonctions Azotées et Oxygénées Complexes de l'IRCOF, UMR 6014 CNRS, INSA and Université de Rouen, 76821 Mont St Aignan, France
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13
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Abstract
A novel cysteine derivative, N(alpha)-trityl-S-(9H-xanthen-9-yl)-l-cysteine [Trt-Cys(Xan)-OH] has been introduced for peptide synthesis, specifically for application to a new strategy for the preparation of cyclic peptides. The following steps were carried out to synthesize the cyclic model peptide cyclo(Cys-Thr-Abu-Gly-Gly-Ala-Arg-Pro-Asp-Phe): (i). side-chain anchoring of Fmoc-Asp-OAl via its free beta-carboxyl as a p-alkoxybenzyl ester to a solid support; (ii). stepwise chain elongation of the peptide by standard Fmoc/tBu solid-phase chemistry; (iii). removal of the N-terminal Fmoc group; (iv). coupling of Trt-Cys(Xan)-OH; (v). selective Pd(0)-promoted cleavage of the C-terminal allyl ester; (vi). coupling of the C-terminal residue, i.e., H-Phe-SBzl, preactivated as a thioester; (vii). selective removal of the N(alpha)-Trt and S-Xan protecting groups under very mild acid conditions; (viii). on-resin cyclization by native chemical ligation in an aqueous milieu; and (ix). final acidolytic cleavage of the cyclic peptide from the resin. The strategy was evaluated for three supports: poly[N,N-dimethacrylamide-co-poly(ethylene glycol)] (PEGA), cross-linked ethoxylate acrylate resin (CLEAR), and poly(ethylene glycol)-polystyrene (PEG-PS) graft resin supports. For PEGA and CLEAR, the desired cyclic product was obtained in 76-86% overall yield with initial purities of approximately 70%, whereas for PEG-PS (which does not swell nearly as well in water), results were inferior. Solid-phase native chemical ligation/cyclization methodology appears to have advantages of convenience and specificity, which make it promising for further generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Tulla-Puche
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street S E, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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14
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Fernández-Forner D, Casals G, Navarro E, Ryder H, Albericio F. Solid-phase synthesis of 4-aminopiperidine analogues using the Alloc protecting group: an investigation of Alloc removal from secondary amines. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)00755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Albericio F. Orthogonal protecting groups for N(alpha)-amino and C-terminal carboxyl functions in solid-phase peptide synthesis. Biopolymers 2001; 55:123-39. [PMID: 11074410 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0282(2000)55:2<123::aid-bip30>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
For the controlled synthesis of even the simplest dipeptide, the N(alpha)-amino group of one of the amino acids and the C-terminal carboxyl group of the other should both be blocked with suitable protecting groups. Formation of the desired amide bond can now occur upon activation of the free carboxyl group. After coupling, peptide synthesis can be continued by removal of either of the two protecting groups and coupling with the free C-terminus or N(alpha)-amino group of another protected amino acid. When three functional amino acids are present in the sequence, the side chain of these residues also has to be protected. It is important that there is a high degree of compatibility between the different types of protecting groups such that one type may be removed selectively in the presence of the others. At the end of the synthesis, the protecting groups must be removed to give the desired peptide. Thus, it is clear that the protection scheme adopted is of the utmost importance and makes the difference between success and failure in a given synthesis. Since R. B. Merrifield introduced the solid-phase strategy for the synthesis of peptides, this prerequisite has been readily accepted. This strategy is usually carried out using two main protection schemes: the tert-butoxycarbonyl/benzyl and the 9-flourenylmethoxycarbonyl/tert-butyl methods. However, for the solid-phase preparation of complex or fragile peptides, as well as for the construction of libraries of peptides or small molecules using a combinatorial approach, a range of other protecting groups is also needed. This review summarizes other protecting groups for both the N(alpha)-amino and C-terminal carboxyl functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Albericio
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Guillier F, Orain D, Bradley M. Linkers and cleavage strategies in solid-phase organic synthesis and combinatorial chemistry. Chem Rev 2000; 100:2091-158. [PMID: 11749285 DOI: 10.1021/cr980040+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Guillier
- Department of Chemistry, Southampton University, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K., and Alanex Division of Agouron Pharmaceuticals, A Werner Lambert Company, 3550 General Atomic Courts, San Diego, California 92121
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18
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Siev DV, Semple JE. Novel hydrazino-carbonyl-amino-methylated polystyrene (HCAM) resin methodology for the synthesis of P1-aldehyde protease inhibitor candidates. Org Lett 2000; 2:19-22. [PMID: 10814235 DOI: 10.1021/ol991161e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] A new strategy for the synthesis of peptidyl and peptidomimetic P1-aldehydes 3 on HCAM solid support is described. The appropriate C-terminal aldehyde precursors were prepared and anchored to a resin support via a semicarbazone linkage (HCAM resin). After synthetic elaboration, acidic hydrolysis efficiently delivered C-terminal target aldehydes 3a-h in good overall yields and in excellent purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Siev
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Corvas International, Inc., San Diego, California 92121, USA
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19
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Siev DV, Gaudette JA, Semple J. Novel protocol for the solid-phase synthesis of peptidyl and peptidomimetic P1-argininal derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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21
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Abstract
A novel class of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) ligands containing an N-hydroxyamide bond was designed on the basis of the natural epitope SIINFEKL, and synthesized on solid phase. The capacity of these compounds to bind to the MHC-I molecule H-2Kb and to induce T cell responses was analysed in comparison with the corresponding glycine containing variant of SIINFEKL. Binding to the MHC molecule was diminished by the N-hydroxy group at positions 2 and 3 of the oligomer and improved in the case of positions 4, 5, 6 and 7. No change was seen for position 1. The efficacy of T cell stimulation was strongly reduced by the modification of all positions except for position 1. A complete loss of activity was found for the N-hydroxy variant in positions 4 and 6. N-Hydroxy amide-containing peptides displayed an enhanced stability to enzymatic degradation. This new class of MHC ligand can become instrumental as immunomodulatory reagent in various disease situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bianco
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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22
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Alsina J, Rabanal F, Chiva C, Giralt E, Albericio F. Active carbonate resins: Application to the solid-phase synthesis of alcohol, carbamate and cyclic peptides. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Guibé F. Allylic protecting groups and their use in a complex environment part II: Allylic protecting groups and their removal through catalytic palladium π-allyl methodology. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)10383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- F Albericio
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Obrecht D, Altorfer M, Bohdal U, Daly J, Huber W, Labhardt A, Lehmann C, Müller K, Ruffieux R, Schönholzer P, Spiegler C, Zumbrunn C. Design and synthesis of novel nonpolar host peptides for the determination of the 310- and α-helix compatibilities of α-amino acid buildig blocks: An assessment of α,α-disubstituted glycines. Biopolymers 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(19971015)42:5<575::aid-bip7>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Thieriet N, Alsina J, Giralt E, Guibé F, Albericio F. Use of Alloc-amino acids in solid-phase peptide synthesis. Tandem deprotection-coupling reactions using neutral conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)01690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Alsina J, Chiva C, Ortiz M, Rabanal F, Giralt E, Albericio F. Active carbonate resins for solid-phase synthesis through the anchoring of a hydroxyl function. Synthesis of cyclic and alcohol peptides. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(96)02431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Vorherr T, Trzeciak A, Bannwarth W. Application of the allyloxycarbonyl protecting group for the indole of Trp in solid-phase peptide synthesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1996; 48:553-8. [PMID: 8985788 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1996.tb00874.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and stability of allyloxycarbonyl (Aloc) indole-protected Trp derivatives and their application in solid-phase peptide synthesis are reported. The study shows that the Aloc protection on the indole moiety is suitable for orthogonal protection in the Fmoc/tBu strategy if the Fmoc group is cleaved with DBU. Several tryptophan-containing peptides have been synthesized including dynorphin A-(1-13), which has been intensively studied with respect to side reactions during the final TFA cleavage procedure. The results demonstrate the protective function of the Aloc group on the Trp during final deprotection. Furthermore, it could be demonstrated that Trp(Aloc)-containing peptides can be isolated and that the Aloc group can then be removed in a second step. The synthesis of phosphorylated delta sleep inducing peptide (P-DSIP) using the global phosphorylation approach provides another example in which Trp indole protection by Aloc prevents the formation of oxidative side products.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vorherr
- PRPC, F. Hoffmann La-Roche Ltd., Basle, Switzerland
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Abstract
An efficient solid-phase method for the total synthesis of bacitracin A is reported. This work was undertaken in order to provide a general means of probing the intriguing mode of action of the bacitracins and exploring their potential for use against emerging drug-resistant pathogens. The synthetic approach to bacitracin A involves three key features: (1) linkage to the solid support through the side chain of the L-asparaginyl residue at position 12 (L-Asn(12)), (2) cyclization through amide bond formation between the alpha-carboxyl of L-Asn(12) and the side chain amino group of L-Lys(8), and (3) postcyclization addition of the N-terminal thiazoline dipeptide as a single unit. To initiate the synthesis, Fmoc L-Asp(OH)-OAllyl was attached to a PAL resin. The chain of bacitracin A was elaborated in the C-to-N direction by sequential piperidine deprotection/HBTU-mediated coupling cycles with Fmoc D-Asp(OtBu)-OH, Fmoc L-His(Trt)-OH, Fmoc D-Phe-OH, Fmoc L-Ile-OH, Fmoc D-Orn(Boc)-OH, Fmoc L-Lys(Aloc)-OH, Fmoc L-Ile-OH, Fmoc D-Glu(OtBu)-OH, and Fmoc L-Leu-OH. The allyl ester and allyl carbamate protecting groups of L-Asn(12) and L-Lys(8), respectively, were simultaneously and selectively removed by treating the peptide-resin with palladium tetrakis(triphenylphosphine), acetic acid, and triethylamine. Cyclization was effected by PyBOP/HOBT under the pseudo high-dilution conditions afforded by attachment to the solid support. After removal of the N-terminal Fmoc group, the cyclized peptide was coupled with 2-[1'(S)-(tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)-2'(R)-methylbutyl]-4(R)-carboxy-Delta(2)-thiazoline (1). The synthetic peptide was deprotected and cleaved from the solid support under acidic conditions and then purified by reverse-phase HPLC. The synthetic material exhibited an ion in the FAB-MS at m/z 1422.7, consistent with the molecular weight calculated for the parent ion of bacitracin A (MH(+) = C(73)H(84)N(10)O(23)Cl(2), 1422.7 g/mol). It was also indistinguishable from authentic bacitracin A by high-field (1)H NMR and displayed antibacterial activity equal to that of the natural product, thus confirming its identity as bacitracin A. The overall yield for the solid-phase synthesis was 24%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Lee
- Infectious Disease Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
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31
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Bergmann F, Bannwarth W. Solid phase synthesis of directly linked peptide-oligodeoxynucleotide hybrids using standard synthesis protocols. Tetrahedron Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(95)00155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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32
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Alsina J, Rabanal F, Giralt E, Albericio F. Solid-phase synthesis of “head-to-tail” cyclic peptides via lysine side-chain anchoring. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(94)88531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Shapiro G, Buechler D. Mild and rapid azide- mediated, palladium catalyzed cleavage of allylester based protecting groups. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)73515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Kitas E, Küng E, Bannwarth W. Chemical synthesis of O-thiophosphotyrosyl peptides. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1994; 43:146-53. [PMID: 8200732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1994.tb00515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The synthon for O-thiophosphotyrosine, Fmoc-Tyr[PS(OBzl)2]-OH (1c), was prepared in 63% yield from Fmoc-Tyr-OH by first transient protection as the tBuMe2Si-ester and phosphinylation with (BzlO)2PNiPr2/tetrazole followed by oxidation of P(III) to P(V) with S8 in CS2. Building block 1c was incorporated in the Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of two O-thiophosphotyrosine-containing peptides H-Thr-Glu-Pro-Gln-Tyr(PS)-Gln-Pro-Gly-Glu-OH (2) and H-Thr-Arg-Asp-Ile-Tyr(PS)-Glu-Thr-Asp-Phe-Phe-Arg-Lys-OH (3), corresponding to sequences of the p60src (523-531) protein and an insulin receptor (IR) (1142-1153) analogue, respectively. An alternative approach of synthesis, the global phosphorylation of a resin-bound peptide, also proved useful. Thus, the free tyrosyl side-chain containing-peptide IR (1142-1153) on support was phosphinylated with the above phosphoramidite reagent followed by oxidation with either S8/CS2 or tetraethylthiuram disulfide/CH3CN solutions. Deprotection and peptide-resin cleavage was performed with a TFA/thiophenol (H2O) mixture. Crude peptides 2 and 3 were stable to the acidolytic deprotection. Preparative RP(C18)HPLC was initially performed using 0.1% TFA(aq)/EtOH solvents. However, analyses of fractions resulting from the purification step indicated significant decomposition of thiophosphopeptide in solution. Stability measurements both as a function of time and pH, further confirmed this initial finding. Purifications performed at intermediate pH using a triethylammonium acetate (pH 7.5)/CH3CN solvent system overcame this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kitas
- Pharma Research New Technologies, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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35
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Head-to-tail cyclization and use of Cα-allyl ester protection improves the yield of cyclic peptides synthesized by the oxime resin method. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)61589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Osborn NJ, Robinson JA. Synthesis of protected peptide fragments and release from a solid support under neutral conditions. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)80386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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38
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Trzeciak A, Bannwarth W. Synthesis of ‘head-to-tail’ cyclized peptides on solid support by Fmoc chemistry. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)61311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Fields CG, Loffet A, Kates SA, Fields GB. The development of high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of allyl and allyloxycarbonyl side-chain-protected phenylthiohydantoin amino acids. Anal Biochem 1992; 203:245-51. [PMID: 1416021 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(92)90309-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ten phenylthiohydantoin (PTH) amino acids possessing allyl (Al) or allyloxycarbonyl (Aloc) side-chain-protecting groups have been characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography for use in Edman degradation sequence analysis. Optimized separation of side-chain-protected and -unprotected PTH amino acids was achieved on a C-18 reversed-phase column with a two-step gradient spanning 32 min. Five of the side-chain-protected amino acids [Cys(Al), Cys(Aloc), Lys(Aloc), Thr(Aloc), Tyr(Al)] were completely stable to the conditions of PTH derivatization, four [Asp(OAl), Arg(Aloc)2, Glu(OAl), Ser(Aloc)] were partially deprotected during PTH derivatization, and one [His(Aloc)] was completely deprotected during PTH derivatization. All allyl-based derivatives were well resolved from their side-chain-unprotected counterparts. Studies on the stability to piperidine treatment showed Asp(OAl), Cys(Al), Glu(OAl), Lys(Aloc), Thr(Aloc), and Tyr(Al), and possibly Arg(Aloc)2 and Ser(Aloc), to be suitable for peptide synthesis by 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-based chemistry. Edman degradation of Al and Aloc side-chain-protected Conus geographus Lys9-alpha-conotoxin GI synthesized on 4-methylbenzhydrylamine-copoly(styrene-1%-DVB)-resin demonstrated the usefulness of these derivatives for solid-phase preview sequence analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Fields
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455
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Rabanal F, Giralt E, Albericio F. A new flourene-derived anchor for solid-phase synthesis of protected peptides. Tetrahedron Lett 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91730-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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