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Abstract
Background:
α-Aryl substituted nitroalkanes are important synthetic intermediates
for the preparation of pharmaceutical molecules, natural products, and functional
materials. Due to their scare existence in Nature, synthesis of these compounds has attracted
the attention of synthetic and medicinal chemists, rendering α-arylation of nitroalkanes
of an important research topic. This article summarizes the important advances of α-
arylation of nitroalkanes since 1963.
Results:
After a brief introduction of the synthetic application and the reactions of nitroalkanes,
this article reviewed the synthetic methods for the α-arylated aliphatic nitro compound.
The amount of research on α-arylation of nitroalkanes using various arylation reagents
and the discovery of elegant synthetic approaches towards such skeleton have been
discussed. This review described these advances in two sections. One is the arylation of non-activated nitroalkanes,
with an emphasis on the application of diverse arylation reagents; the other focuses on the arylation of
activated nitroalkanes, including dinitroalkanes, trinitroalkanes, α-nitrosulfones, α-nitroesters, α-nitrotoluenes,
and α-nitroketones. The synthetic application of these methods has also been presented in some cases.
Conclusion:
In this review, we described the progress of α-arylation of nitroalkanes. Although the immense
amount of research on α-arylation of aliphatic nitro compounds has been achieved, many potential issues still
need to be addressed, especially the asymmetric transformation and its wide application in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zuo-Yi Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhou-Bao Shi
- Affiliate Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Spitz C, Mathias F, Péchiné S, Doan THD, Innocent J, Pellissier S, Di Giorgio C, Crozet MD, Janoir C, Vanelle P. 2,4-Disubstituted 5-Nitroimidazoles Potent against Clostridium difficile. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:561-569. [PMID: 30644169 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metronidazole is one of the first-line treatments for non-severe Clostridium difficile infections (CDI). However, resistance limits its use in cases of severe and complicated CDI. Structure-activity relationships previously described for the 5-nitroimidazole series have shown that functionalization at the 2- and 4-positions can impart better activity against parasites and anaerobic bacteria than metronidazole. Herein we report the synthesis of new 2,4-disubstituted 5-nitroimidazole compounds that show potent antibacterial activity against C. difficile. We used a vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen (VNS) reaction to introduce a phenylmethylsulfone at the 4-position and a unimolecular radical nucleophilic substitution (SRN 1) reaction to introduce an ethylenic function at the 2-position of the 5-nitroimidazole scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Spitz
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR CNRS 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin - CS 30064, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Fanny Mathias
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR CNRS 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin - CS 30064, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Séverine Péchiné
- EA4043 Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Tri Hanh Dung Doan
- EA4043 Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jean Innocent
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR CNRS 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin - CS 30064, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Sylvain Pellissier
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR CNRS 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin - CS 30064, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Carole Di Giorgio
- Laboratoire de Mutagénèse Environnementale, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime D Crozet
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR CNRS 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin - CS 30064, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Claire Janoir
- EA4043 Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Patrice Vanelle
- Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR CNRS 7273, Laboratoire de Pharmaco-Chimie Radicalaire, Faculté de Pharmacie, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin - CS 30064, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
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5
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Access to original vinylic chlorides in the quinazoline series via a monoelectronic transfer reaction approach. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2010; 15:2719-29. [PMID: 20428074 PMCID: PMC6257244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15042719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of new quinazoline derivatives bearing a vinylic chloride group on the 2-position was prepared by using a consecutive SRN1 / ERC1 radical strategy.
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Gellis A, Njoya Y, Crozet MP, Vanelle P. RAPID SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZO[2,1-b]THIAZOLES UNDER MICROWAVE CONDITIONS. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-100104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Armand Gellis
- a Faculté de Pharmacie , Laboratoire de Chimie Organique , CNRS–UMR 6517, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, Marseille, Cx 5, 13385, France
| | - Yves Njoya
- a Faculté de Pharmacie , Laboratoire de Chimie Organique , CNRS–UMR 6517, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, Marseille, Cx 5, 13385, France
| | - Michel P. Crozet
- a Faculté de Pharmacie , Laboratoire de Chimie Organique , CNRS–UMR 6517, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, Marseille, Cx 5, 13385, France
| | - Patrice Vanelle
- a Faculté de Pharmacie , Laboratoire de Chimie Organique , CNRS–UMR 6517, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, Marseille, Cx 5, 13385, France
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8
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Sánchez I, Sobrino M, Pujol M. A novel synthesis of spiro[(2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]-dioxane)-5,2′-(2′,3′-dihydroindole)] using SRN1 reaction conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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