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Luo D, Song MS, Xu B, Zhang Y, Zhang JW, Ma XG, Hao XJ, Sun H. A clue to the evolutionary history of modern East Asian flora: insights from phylogeography and diterpenoid alkaloid distribution pattern of the Spiraea japonica complex. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 184:107772. [PMID: 36977458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Each subkingdom of East Asian flora (EAF) has a unique evolutionary history, but which has rarely been described based on phylogeographic studies of EAF species. The Spiraea japonica L. complex, which is widespread in East Asia (EA), has received considerable attention because of the presence of diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs). It provides a proxy for understanding the genetic diversity and DA distribution patterns of species under various environmental conditions associated with the geological background in EA. In the present study, the plastome and chloroplast/nuclear DNA of 71 populations belonging to the S. japonica complex and its congeners were sequenced, combined with DA identification, environmental analyses, and ecological niche modelling, to investigate their phylogenetic relationships, genetic and DAs distribution patterns, biogeography, and demographic dynamics. An "ampliative" S. japonica complex was put forward, comprising all species of Sect. Calospira Ser. Japonicae, of which three evolutionary units carrying their respective unique types of DAs were identified and associated with the regionalization of EAF (referring to the Hengduan Mountains, central China, and east China). Moreover, a transition belt in central China with its biogeographic significance was revealed by genetic and DA distribution patterns from the perspective of ecological adaptation. The origin and onset differentiation of the "ampliative" S. japonica complex was estimated in the early Miocene (22.01/19.44 Ma). The formation of Japanese populations (6.75 Ma) was facilitated by the land bridge, which subsequently had a fairly stable demographic history. The populations in east China have undergone a founder effect after the Last Glacial Maximum, which may have been promoted by the expansion potential of polyploidization. Overall, the in-situ origin and diversification of the "ampliative" S. japonica complex since the early Miocene is a vertical section of the formation and development of modern EAF and was shaped by the geological history of each subkingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Min-Shu Song
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jian-Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiang-Guang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming 650201, China.
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Liu XY, Ke BW, Qin Y, Wang FP. The diterpenoid alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2022; 87:1-360. [PMID: 35168778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The diterpenoid alkaloids are a family of extremely important natural products that have long been a research hotspot due to their myriad of intricate structures and diverse biological properties. This chapter systematically summarizes the past 11 years (2009-2019) of studies on the diterpenoid alkaloids, including the "so-called" atypical ones, covering the classification and biogenetic relationships, phytochemistry together with 444 new alkaloids covering 32 novel skeletons and the corrected structures, chemical reactions including conversion toward toxoids, synthetic studies, as well as biological activities. It should be noted that the synthetic studies, especially the total syntheses of various diterpenoid alkaloids, are for the first time reviewed in this treatise. This chapter, in combination with our four previous reviews in volumes 42, 59, 67, and 69, will present to the readers a more completed and updated profile of the diterpenoid alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo-Wen Ke
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Feng-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Yin T, Zhang H, Zhang W, Jiang Z. Chemistry and biological activities of hetisine-type diterpenoid alkaloids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:36023-36033. [PMID: 35492752 PMCID: PMC9043348 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07173d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) are one of the most important DA subtypes. During the past decades, a total of 157 hetisine-type DAs were obtained from plants from seven genera in three families, most of which were isolated from the genera Aconitum and Delphinium in the Ranunculaceae family. Structurally, hetisine-type DAs are characterized by a heptacyclic hetisane skeleton formed by the linkage of C(14)–C(20) and N–C(6) bonds in an atisine-type DA, and their structural diversity is created by the states of the N atom and various substituents. Pharmacological studies have revealed a wide range of pharmacological actions for hetisine-type DAs, including antiarrhythmic, antitumor, antimicrobial and insecticidal activities, as well as effects on peripheral vasculature, which are closely related to their chemical structures. In particular, the prominent antiarrhythmic effects and low toxicity of hetisine-type DAs highlight their potential in antiarrhythmic drug discovery. Hetisine-type DAs with diverse bioactivities are promising lead structures for further development as commercial agents in medicine. Natural hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids with diverse structures showed multiple pharmacological activities, indicating great potential in drug discovery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China .,Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus Zhuhai 519041 China
| | - Huixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China
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Kiss T, Cank KB, Orbán-Gyapai O, Liktor-Busa E, Zomborszki ZP, Rutkovska S, Pučka I, Németh A, Csupor D. Phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of Spiraea chamaedryfolia: a contribution to the chemotaxonomy of Spiraea genus. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:762. [PMID: 29268773 PMCID: PMC5740960 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-3013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Diterpene alkaloids are secondary plant metabolites and chemotaxonomical markers with a strong biological activity. These compounds are characteristic for the Ranunculaceae family, while their occurrence in other taxa is rare. Several species of the Spiraea genus (Rosaceae) are examples of this rarity. Screening Spiraea species for alkaloid content is a chemotaxonomical approach to clarify the classification and phylogeny of the genus. Novel pharmacological findings make further investigations of Spiraea diterpene alkaloids promising. Results Seven Spiraea species were screened for diterpene alkaloids. Phytochemical and pharmacological investigations were performed on Spiraea chamaedryfolia, the species found to contain diterpene alkaloids. Its alkaloid-rich fractions were found to exert a remarkable xanthine-oxidase inhibitory activity and a moderate antibacterial activity. The alkaloid distribution within the root was clarified by microscopic techniques. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-017-3013-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tivadar Kiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.,Interdisciplinary Centre for Natural Products, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Bence Cank
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Orbán-Gyapai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Erika Liktor-Busa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Péter Zomborszki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.,Interdisciplinary Centre for Natural Products, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Santa Rutkovska
- Department of Chemistry and Geography, Daugavpils University, Parādes st. 1, Daugavpils, 5401, Latvia
| | - Irēna Pučka
- Department of Chemistry and Geography, Daugavpils University, Parādes st. 1, Daugavpils, 5401, Latvia
| | - Anikó Németh
- Botanical Garden, University of Szeged, Lövölde u. 42, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary. .,Interdisciplinary Centre for Natural Products, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
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Zhao DK, Shi XQ, Zhang LM, Yang DQ, Guo HC, Chen YP, Shen Y. Four new diterpenoid alkaloids with antitumor effect from Aconitum nagarum var. heterotrichum. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ge YH, Mu SZ, Yang SY, Lu Y, Zhang JX, Wang Y, Hao XJ. New Diterpenoid Alkaloids fromAconitum recemulosumFranch. Helv Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200900065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wu TS, Hwang CC, Kuo PC, Kuo TH, Damu AG, Su CR. New Neolignans from Spiraea formosana. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2004; 52:1227-30. [PMID: 15467241 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation on the ethanol extract from the stems of Spiraea formosana has resulted in the isolation of four new neolignans, named spiraformin-A, -B, -C and -D (1-4), together with thirty five known compounds. Their structures were established primarily on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral and chemical transformation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Shung Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Fan L, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Hao X. Five diterpene alkaloids from Spiraea japonica (Rosaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2003.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Wada K. [Studies on structural elucidation of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloid by LC-APCI-MS and effects of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloid on cutaneous blood flow]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2002; 122:929-56. [PMID: 12440151 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.122.929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The chemical constituents of Aconitum yesoense var. macroyesoense and Aconitum japonicum were examined using high-resolution spectral analysis. Twelve novel alkaloids were isolated from A. yesoense var. macroyesoense together with 20 known alkaloids. Eight novel alkaloids were isolated from A. japonicum together with 15 known alkaloids. An HPLC-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-APCI-MS) method was useful for the simultaneous determination of 21 Aconitum alkaloids found in A. yesoense var. macroyesoense and A. japonicum. These compounds were fairly stable under the conditions used, and the protonated molecules or fragment ions characteristic of the molecule appeared as base peaks in the mass spectra and were used for selected ion monitoring. HPLC-APCI-MS is a very promising approach for structural investigations of positional isomers and stereoisomers. This method was applied successfully to stereoisomeric Aconitum alkaloids differing in configuration at C-1, -6, or -12. Comparison of the APCI spectra showed that the abundance of fragment ions was significantly higher for the C-1, -6, or -12 beta-form alkaloid than for C-1, -6, or -12 alpha-form alkaloid. The main alkaloid constituents in the root of A. yesoense var. macroyesoense, Aconitum alkaloids of the C20-diterpenoid type, kobusine and pseudokobusine, and their acyl derivatives were examined for their peripheral vasoactivities by measuring laser-flowmetrically the cutaneous blood flow in the hind foot of mice after intravenous administration. It is thought that the hydroxyl groups of alkaloids, especially a free OH group of pseudokobusine at C-6, were important for action on the peripheral vasculature leading to dilatation, and the results indicated that esterification of the hydroxyl group at C-15 with either anisoate, veratroate, or p-nitroben-zoate may contribute to enhancement of the activity of the parent alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Hokkaido College of Pharmacy, 7-1, Katsuraoka-cho, Otaru 047-0264, Japan.
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Wu TS, Hwang CC, Kuo PC, G. Damu A, Chou CJ, Chen CF. New Diterpenoid Alkaloid from Spiraea formosana. HETEROCYCLES 2002. [DOI: 10.3987/com-02-9509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Norditerpenoid and Diterpenoid Alkaloids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-8210(99)80027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Wang FP, Liang XT. Chapter 3 Chemistry of the Diterpenoid Alkaloids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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Pelletier SW, Mody NV. Chapter 2 The Chemistry of C20-Diterpenoid Alkaloids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s1876-0813(08)60237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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