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Banerjee I, Sagar S, Panda TK. Calcium mediated efficient synthesis of N-arylamidines from organic nitriles and amines. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4231-4237. [PMID: 32458962 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00805b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Amidines are a preeminent group of organic compounds having wide applications in various industries. Here, we have developed a simple one-step reaction protocol for the facile synthesis of N-arylamidines catalysed by calcium bis(hexamethyldisilazide) [Ca{N(SiMe3)2}2(THF)2]. The amidine synthesis was readily achieved from organic nitriles and amines which provided a broad substrate scope ranging from electron-withdrawing to electron-donating substitutions as well as heterocyclic substitution. The reaction was carried out in a solvent-free medium under ambient conditions. The nucleophilic addition of aromatic amines to aryl nitriles led to good to excellent yields of the corresponding amidines. The reactivity of the amidines was further examined and the respective urea derivatives were achieved in excellent yields. The plausible mechanism involves the generation of an active calcium amido pre-catalyst that helps in the activation of nitriles in the reaction course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
| | - Shweta Sagar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
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2
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Demakova MY, Islamova RM, Suslonov VV. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 4-Aminoquinazolines from Amide Oxime Ethers and 2-Iodobenzonitrile. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Bolotin DS, Burianova VK, Novikov AS, Demakova MY, Pretorius C, Mokolokolo PP, Roodt A, Bokach NA, Suslonov VV, Zhdanov AP, Zhizhin KY, Kuznetsov NT, Kukushkin VY. Nucleophilicity of Oximes Based upon Addition to a Nitrilium closo-Decaborate Cluster. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii S. Bolotin
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Valeria K. Burianova
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S. Novikov
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Ya. Demakova
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Carla Pretorius
- Department
of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Pennie Petrus Mokolokolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Andreas Roodt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Nadezhda A. Bokach
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaliy V. Suslonov
- Center
for X-ray Diffraction Studies, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskii
Pr., 26, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey P. Zhdanov
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 31, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Yu. Zhizhin
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 31, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay T. Kuznetsov
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr., 31, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute
of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
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4
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Abstract
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Pd-catalyzed
cross-coupling reactions that form C–N bonds
have become useful methods to synthesize anilines and aniline derivatives,
an important class of compounds throughout chemical research. A key
factor in the widespread adoption of these methods has been the continued
development of reliable and versatile catalysts that function under
operationally simple, user-friendly conditions. This review provides
an overview of Pd-catalyzed N-arylation reactions found in both basic
and applied chemical research from 2008 to the present. Selected examples
of C–N cross-coupling reactions between nine classes of nitrogen-based
coupling partners and (pseudo)aryl halides are described for the synthesis
of heterocycles, medicinally relevant compounds, natural products,
organic materials, and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ruiz-Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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5
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Bolotin DS, Bokach NA, Kukushkin VY. Coordination chemistry and metal-involving reactions of amidoximes: Relevance to the chemistry of oximes and oxime ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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6
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Ruch AA, Handa S, Kong F, Nesterov VN, Pahls DR, Cundari TR, Slaughter LM. Competing amination and C–H arylation pathways in Pd/xantphos-catalyzed transformations of binaphthyl triflates: switchable routes to chiral amines and helicene derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:8123-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01102k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A Pd(OAc)2/xantphos catalyst system can be tuned to promote either amination or C–H arylation of hindered binaphthyl 2-triflates, with xantphos's hemilability playing a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Ruch
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
| | - Sachin Handa
- Department of Chemistry
- Oklahoma State University Stillwater
- Oklahoma
- USA
| | - Fanji Kong
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
| | | | - Dale R. Pahls
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
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7
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Li B, Samp L, Sagal J, Hayward CM, Yang C, Zhang Z. Synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones via amidine N-arylation. J Org Chem 2013; 78:1273-7. [PMID: 23289853 DOI: 10.1021/jo302515c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (1) was prepared by reacting 2-trifluoromethyl-4-iodo-nicotinic acid (2) with amidine 9a catalyzed by Pd(2)(dba)(3) and Xantphos, followed by cyclization effected with HBTU and subsequent demethylation using PhBCl(2). The amidine arylation method was found applicable for the syntheses of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones. Thus, reaction of 2-bromo or 2-iodo benzoate esters with amdidines afforded substituted quinazolin-4(3H)-ones in 44-89% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Li
- Chemical R & D - Pharmaceutical Science Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA.
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McGowan MA, McAvoy CZ, Buchwald SL. Palladium-catalyzed N-monoarylation of amidines and a one-pot synthesis of quinazoline derivatives. Org Lett 2012; 14:3800-3. [PMID: 22765354 PMCID: PMC3485433 DOI: 10.1021/ol301700y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A method for the Pd-catalyzed N-arylation of both aryl and alkyl amidines with a wide range of aryl bromides, chlorides, and triflates is described. The reactions proceed in short reaction times and with excellent selectivity for monoarylation. A one-pot synthesis of quinazoline derivatives, via addition of an aldehyde to the crude reaction mixture following Pd-catalyzed N-arylation, is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredeth A. McGowan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Camille Z. McAvoy
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Gaber AEAM, Muathen HA, Taib LA. Thermolysis of N-arylnicotinamide oximes III. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS 2012; 93:14-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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10
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Rauws TRM, Maes BUW. Transition metal-catalyzed N-arylations of amidines and guanidines. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:2463-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Gaber AEAM, Muathen HA, Taib LA. Thermal fragmentation and rearrangement of some N-phenylbenzamide oxime dervatives II. Synthesis of benzimidazoles. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS 2011; 91:119-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Griswold CP, Suthiwangcharoen N, Pochini SM, Stephens CE. Palladium-Catalyzed N-Arylation of 3-Functionalized 2-Amino-4,5-dimethylpyrroles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2010.492073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos P. Griswold
- a Department of Chemistry and Physics , Augusta State University , Augusta , Georgia , USA
| | | | - Steven M. Pochini
- a Department of Chemistry and Physics , Augusta State University , Augusta , Georgia , USA
| | - Chad E. Stephens
- a Department of Chemistry and Physics , Augusta State University , Augusta , Georgia , USA
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13
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Mild and efficient ligand-free copper-catalyzed condensation for the synthesis of quinazolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.11.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Srivastava RM, Pereira MC, Faustino WWM, Coutinho K, dos Anjos JV, de Melo SJ. Synthesis, mechanism of formation, and molecular orbital calculations of arylamidoximes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-009-0186-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Wang J, Xu F, Cai T, Shen Q. Addition of Amines to Nitriles Catalyzed by Ytterbium Amides: An Efficient One-Step Synthesis of Monosubstituted N-Arylamidines. Org Lett 2008; 10:445-8. [PMID: 18173276 DOI: 10.1021/ol702739c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dushu Lake Campus, Suzhou University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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16
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Zhao M, Yin J, Huffman MA, McNamara JM. A very concise synthesis of a potent N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine KDR kinase inhibitor. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Klingensmith LM, Strieter ER, Barder TE, Buchwald SL. New Insights into Xantphos/Pd-Catalyzed C−N Bond Forming Reactions: A Structural and Kinetic Study. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om050715g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liane M. Klingensmith
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Eric R. Strieter
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Timothy E. Barder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Ismail MA, Anbazhagan M, Stephens CE, Boykin DW. Synthesis of Benzyloxybromobenzonitriles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120028347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Ismail
- a Department of Chemistry , Georgia State University , University Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303‐3083, USA
| | - Mariappan Anbazhagan
- a Department of Chemistry , Georgia State University , University Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303‐3083, USA
| | - Chad E. Stephens
- a Department of Chemistry , Georgia State University , University Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303‐3083, USA
| | - David W. Boykin
- a Department of Chemistry , Georgia State University , University Plaza, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303‐3083, USA
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W. Boykin D, Anbazhagan M, Y. Saulter J, E. Hall J. Synthesis of Metabolites of the Prodrug 2,5-Bis(4-O-methoxyamidinophenyl)furan. HETEROCYCLES 2003. [DOI: 10.3987/com-03-9716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Anbaznagan M, Boykin DW. A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF THE PRODRUG 2,5-BIS(4-0-METHOXYAMIDINOPHENYL)FURAN AND ANALOGS. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2003. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2003.9.2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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22
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Regioselective cleavage of O-benzyl-N-arylamidoximes: synthesis of N-aryl amidines and amidoximes. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)02289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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