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Lu MZ, Loh TP. Development and Applications of Water-Compatible Reactions: A Journey to Be Continued. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:70-92. [PMID: 38112292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe pursuit of novel and eco-friendly methods in organic synthesis is gaining prominence, with a strong emphasis on green transformations using renewable and sustainable resources. Among these environmentally conscious approaches, water-compatible reactions stand out for their many advantages. Water, as a solvent, offers unmatched abundance, cost-efficiency, and environmental compatibility compared to organic solvents. Its use eliminates the need for complex protection and deprotection steps for reactive functional groups in multistep synthesis and enables the use of water-soluble substrates like proteins and carbohydrates. Water-compatible reactions also provide opportunities to combine with enzymes, resulting in chemoenzymatic transformations that can increase efficiency. Additionally, these reactions facilitate site-specific modification and the bioconjugation of biomolecules, leading to bioconjugate therapeutics.Over nearly three decades, our research group has been dedicated to developing innovative water-compatible methodologies and concepts. This Account provides a comprehensive overview of our contributions since 1994. Our central strategy revolves around integrating green chemistry principles into our methods, focusing on (i) developing reactions that can operate under mild conditions, including room temperature, atmospheric pressure, and physiological pH; (ii) designing atom-economical reactions that minimize waste production; (iii) replacing toxic and flammable organic solvents with eco-friendly alternatives like water and ethanol; and (iv) reducing reliance on metals or halogenated compounds in specific reactions.In this Account, we detail our achievements in developing efficient methodologies in aqueous media, highlighting their scope, limitations, asymmetric control, and applications for synthesizing complex molecules and functionalizing peptides and proteins. Mechanistic investigations underlying these developments are also discussed when applicable. Furthermore, we offer insights into the reasoning behind our work and address future opportunities and challenges in this area of research. We hope that this Account will inspire continued interest and foster new breakthroughs. By exploring innovative and broadly applicable strategies that expand the water-compatible synthetic toolbox, we aim to pave the way for the truly green and sustainable synthesis of complex molecules and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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Barbier-type anti-Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Trimethylsilyl, Fluorinated Methyl, Phenylthio Homoallylic Alcohols. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4873. [PMID: 28687768 PMCID: PMC5501818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic Asymmetric allylation of aldehydes with functionalized allylic reagents represents an important process in synthetic organic chemistry because the resulting chiral homoallylic alcohols are valuable building blocks in diverse research fields. Despite the obvious advantages of allyl halides as allylation reagent under Barbier-type conditions, catalytic asymmetric version using functionalized allyl halides remains largely underdeveloped. Here, we addressed this issue by employing a chromium-catalysis system. The use of readily available allyl bromides with γ substitutions including trimethylsilyl, fluorinated methyl and phenylthio groups provided an efficient and convenient method to introduce those privileged functionalities into homoallylic alcohols. Good yields, high anti-diastereo- and excellent enantioselectivities were achieved under mild reaction conditions.
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Li G, Gagare PD, Ramachandran PV. Preparation and diastereo- and enantioselective trifluorocrotylboration with (Z)-(B)-diisopinocampheyl(4,4,4-trifluorobut-2-en-1-yl)borane. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shen ZL, Wang SY, Chok YK, Xu YH, Loh TP. Organoindium Reagents: The Preparation and Application in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2012; 113:271-401. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300051y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Liang Shen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological
Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371
| | - Shun-Yi Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological
Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371
| | - Yew-Keong Chok
- Division of Chemistry and Biological
Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological
Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- Department
of Chemistry, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological
Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371
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Unexpected reactivity of trifluoromethylated olefins with indole: a mechanistic investigation. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gao X, Zhang YJ, Krische MJ. Iridium-Catalyzed anti-Diastereo- and Enantioselective Carbonyl (α-Trifluoromethyl)allylation from the Alcohol or Aldehyde Oxidation Level. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201008296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gao X, Zhang YJ, Krische MJ. Iridium-catalyzed anti-diastereo- and enantioselective carbonyl (α-trifluoromethyl)allylation from the alcohol or aldehyde oxidation level. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:4173-5. [PMID: 21472938 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201008296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 1 University Station-A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1167, USA
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Gong Y, Kato K, Kimoto H. Convenient substitution of hydroxypyridines with trifluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570380103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bao ZJ, Lu J, Ji SJ. Indium-mediated allylation of aryl trichloromethyl ketones in aqueous media. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2007.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yoo BW, Choi KH, Lee SJ, Nam GS, Chang KY, Kim SH, Kim JH. INDIUM-MEDIATED ALLYLATION OF ACYL CYANIDES IN AQUEOUS MEDIA: A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF β,γ-UNSATURATED KETONES. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120002691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Woo Yoo
- a Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Chochiwon, Chungnam, 339-700, Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Choi
- a Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Chochiwon, Chungnam, 339-700, Korea
| | - Sung Jae Lee
- a Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Chochiwon, Chungnam, 339-700, Korea
| | - Ghil Soo Nam
- b Biochemicals Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
| | - Kwan Young Chang
- b Biochemicals Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- b Biochemicals Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
| | - Joong Hyup Kim
- b Biochemicals Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
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Wang H, Wang JL, Yuan SC, Pei J, Pei WW. Novel highly fluorescent dendritic chiral amines: synthesis and optical properties. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yoo BW, Hwang SK, Kim DY, Choi JW, Ko JJ, Choi KI, Kim JH. Indium-mediated coupling of bromoacetonitriles with aromatic acyl cyanides: convenient synthesis of aromatic α-cyano ketones. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)00925-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Indium-mediated highly regioselective reaction of prop-2-ynyl bromides with acyl cyanides in aqueous media: a convenient synthesis of allenic and propargylic ketones. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fluorinated building blocks. The discovery of a stable difluoroallenyl indium and the synthesis of gem-difluoroallenyl and -propargyl synthons in aqueous media. J Org Chem 2000; 65:6547-52. [PMID: 11052100 DOI: 10.1021/jo000832f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of two highly functional fluorinated motifs, TIPS-C triple bond C-CF2-, and CF2=C=C(TIPS)- is described. This approach is mediated by a room-temperature stable ethereal solution of a difluoroallene indium intermediate. This intermediate may be used as "stock solution" in the reaction with aqueous HCHO, to yield CF2=C=C(TIPS)CH2OH, and in a reaction with a Schiff base to produce the corresponding beta,beta-difluorohomopropargylamine. The synthetic potential of CF2=C=C(TIPS)CH2-OH has been demonstrated by its conversion to a difluorodihydrofuran derivative by a facile and efficient 5-endo-trig cyclization. Homopropargylic gem-difluoro alcohols are synthesized by addition of indium to a mixture of an aldehyde and TIPS-C triple bond C-CF2Br in predominantly aqueous media.
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Sakamoto T, Takahashi K, Yamazaki T, Kitazume T. Highly Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Materials with Allylzincs and Allenylzincs Generated by Umpolung of Palladium Complexes. J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jo991086l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Sakamoto
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamazaki
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kitazume
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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Komatsu Y, Sakamoto T, Kitazume T. Synthetic Applications of the Carbanion with a Fluoroalkyl Group Generated by Palladium(0) Catalyst under Neutral Conditions. J Org Chem 1999; 64:8369-8374. [PMID: 11674760 DOI: 10.1021/jo990463r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The generation and synthetic application of stable carbanions situated in the beta position from fluorine atom(s) are described. Palladium(0)-catalyzed allylation reactions under neutral conditions proceeded smoothly in the system where a methylene group is activated by fluoroalkyl and carbonyl groups. In the above systems, the 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl moiety has been introduced onto the allylic position without the release of fluoride. Further, palladium(0)-catalyzed heterocyclization was achieved from the reaction of vinyl epoxide with 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylate and/or 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropionate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Komatsu
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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Direct indium-promoted preparation of α-methylene-γ-lactones from 2-(bromomethyl)acrylic acid and carbonyl compounds. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Qing FL, Wan DP. The addition of dibromodifluoromethane to (trimethylsilyl)acetylene and transformation of the products. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Paquette LA, Bennett GD, Isaac MB, Chhatriwalla A. Effective 1,4-Asymmetric C−C/C−O Stereoinduction in Indium-Promoted Coupling Reactions of Aldehydes to Protected and Unprotected [1-(Bromomethyl)vinyl] Alkanols. The Status of Intramolecular Chelation within Functionalized Allylindium Reagents. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9715534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leo A. Paquette
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - George D. Bennett
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Methvin B. Isaac
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Adnan Chhatriwalla
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Hashmi ASK. Indium Metal: A Reagent for C?C-Bond Formation by organometallic reactions in aqueous medium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/prac.19983400113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wada M, Honna M, Kuramoto Y, Miyoshi N. A Grignard-Type Addition of Allyl Unit to Carbonyl Compounds Containing a Carboxyl Group by Using BiCl3–Zn(0)–Allyl Bromide. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1997. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.70.2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Organometallic-type reactions in aqueous media mediated by indium. Allylation of acyloyl-imidazoles and pyrazoles. Regioselective synthesis of β,γ-unsaturated ketones. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)01512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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