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Maatoug R, Jebali J, Guieu R, De Waard M, Kharrat R. BotAF, a new Buthus occitanus tunetanus scorpion toxin, produces potent analgesia in rodents. Toxicon 2018; 149:72-85. [PMID: 29337220 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the purification of new potent scorpion neuropeptide, named BotAF, by an activity-guided screening approach. BotAF is a 64-residue long-chain peptide that shares very high similarity with the original β-like scorpion toxin group, in which several peptides have been characterized to be anti-nociceptive in rodents. BotAF administration to rodents does not produce any toxicity or motor impairment, including at high doses. In all models investigated, BotAF turned out to be an efficient peptide in abolishing acute and inflammatory (both somatic and visceral) pain in rodents. It performs with high potency compared to standard analgesics tested in the same conditions. The anti-nociceptive activity of BotAF depends on the route of injection: it is inactive when tested by i.c.v. or i.v. routes but gains in potency when pre-injected locally (in the same compartment than the irritant itself) or by i.t. root 40 to 60 min before pain induction, respectively. BotAF is not an AINS-like compound as it fails to reduce inflammatory edema. Also, it does not activate the opioidergic system as its activity is not affected by naloxone. BotAF does also not bind onto RyR and has low activity towards DRG ion channels (particularly TTX sensitive Na+ channels) and does not bind onto rat brain synaptosome receptors. In somatic and visceral pain models, BotAF dose-dependently inhibited lumbar spinal cord c-fos/c-jun mRNA up regulation. Altogether, our data favor a spinal or peripheral anti-nociceptive mode of action of BotAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Maatoug
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, 13, Place Pasteur BP-74, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia
| | - Jed Jebali
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, 13, Place Pasteur BP-74, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia
| | - Régis Guieu
- Biochimie, Hôpital de la Timone, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Michel De Waard
- Inserm U1087, Institut du Thorax, groupe IIb, Université de Nantes, 8 quai moncousu, 44000, Nantes, France; Smartox Biotechnology, 570 rue de la chimie, bâtiment Nanobio, 38700, Saint Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Riadh Kharrat
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, 13, Place Pasteur BP-74, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia.
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Age-Related Changes in Inflammatory Response after Experimental Envenomation: Impact on the Susceptibility to Androctonus australis hector Venom. Inflammation 2017; 40:1131-1142. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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L’envenimation scorpionique au Maroc : scorpions du genre Androctonus, Buthus et Hottentota. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 107:39-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s13149-014-0332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Central effects of Tityus serrulatus and Tityus bahiensis scorpion venoms after intraperitoneal injection in rats. Neurosci Lett 2009; 463:234-8. [PMID: 19664683 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 08/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A great number of studies on scorpion venoms associate their effects to the autonomic nervous system, and few data are available about their action on the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this work was to evaluate some central effects after intraperitoneal injection of Tityus serrulatus or T. bahiensis scorpion venoms. The hippocampal concentration of some neurotransmitters and their metabolites were determined. Electroencephalographic and behavioral observations were performed, and all brains were removed for histopathological analysis of hippocampal areas. Both venoms induced electrographic and behavioral alterations despite T. bahiensis venom affects less the electrographic activity than T. serrulatus venom. Neurochemical analysis demonstrated no alteration in the extracellular levels of almost all the neurotransmitters evaluated, at least in the hippocampus, and no neuronal loss in this area was observed. Meanwhile, extracellular concentration of HVA increased up to 10 times in approximately 1/3 of the animals of both groups. Scorpion venoms seem to exert a small but important central effect. More studies in this field are necessary because they may be useful in developing new strategies to reduce the damage caused by scorpion stings.
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Dousset E, Carrega L, Steinberg JG, Clot-Faybesse O, Jouirou B, Sauze N, Devaux C, Autier Y, Jammes Y, Martin-Eauclaire MF, Guieu R. Evidence that free radical generation occurs during scorpion envenomation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2005; 140:221-6. [PMID: 15907767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2005.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Revised: 02/07/2005] [Accepted: 02/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although it is well established that symptomatology, morbidity and death following scorpion envenomation are due to increases in neurotransmitter release secondary to toxins binding to voltage-sensitive sodium channels, the mechanism by which venom action is involved in damaging heart, liver, lungs and kidneys remains unclear. We hypothesized that scorpion toxins could induce the generation of high levels of free radicals responsible for membrane damage in organs targeted by venom action. We have investigated lipid peroxidation in different organs, through the evaluation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), after experimental envenomation of rats by toxic fractions of Androctonus australis Hector venom. We have shown that scorpion toxins cause considerable lipid peroxidation in most vital organs. We also evaluated the protective effects of antioxidants in mice injected with lethal doses of toxins. Among the drugs tested, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was effective in protecting the mice when injected prior to toxin application. However, the free radical scavenging properties of NAC seem less implicated in these protective effects than its ability to increase the fluidity of bronchial secretions. We therefore conclude that free radical generation only plays a minor role in the toxicity of scorpion venom.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dousset
- Laboratoire des Déterminants Physiologiques de l'Activité Physique (UPRES EA 3285), Institut Fédératif de Recherche E-J Marey (IFR 107), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de la Méditerranée (Aix-Marseille II), Marseille, France
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